Compliance for Continuous Insulation, Water Resistive Barriers & NFPA-285 What you need to Know

Transcription

1 Compliance for Continuous Insulation, Water Resistive Barriers & NFPA-285 What you need to Know AIA / CES Dryvit Systems, Inc. is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-aia members available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. Thank you!

2 Copyrighted Material This presentation is protected by US and international copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of Dryvit Systems, Inc. is prohibited. Dryvit Systems, Inc. 2015, Learning Objectives 1. Introduce new and increased Weather, Vapor, Air and Thermal Barrier building code requirements for code compliant and functional building envelope walls. 2. Understand mandated testing and performance requirements for Weather, Air and Thermal Barrier as well as component compatibility, continuity and placement in traditional framed wall assembly design. 3. Examine the many respective "Barrier" materials for their compliance with code and outline challenges associated with their proper integration through wall assembly design and detailing. 4. Recognize the relationship between these "Barrier" components and how they are ideally implemented into a successful, code compliant, cost effective and high performance building envelope. 2

3 Ground Rules / Definitions Commercial Construction 2012 Code Cycle IBC International Building Code IECC International Energy Conservation Code ASHRAE Standard American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Airconditioning Engineers. Energy Design Guideline 6 6 Evolution of Framed Wall Assembly Early Framed Wall Cladding / veneer Exterior wood sheathing Wood framing Interior sheathing / drywall Primer / 2-coats latex paint 7 3

4 Conditions have Changed Water Intrusion Air Intrusion Heat Transfer Vapor Migration Has become rather complicated Requiring: Coordination Compatibility Sequencing Proper installation Testing compliance Long-term performance 8 Of Critical Importance... Protect underlying wall assembly Moisture intrusion, degradation, bio-hazards Minimize air / vapor / moisture movement Infiltration / exfiltration Manage condensation potential Place outside of wall assembly Resist thermal transfer Heat energy loss / gain through thermal bridging Reduce energy consumption Support sustainable design, construction, & operation Reduce environmental impact Comply with current model building codes 4

5 Barrier Types / Layers Code Driven Barrier Layers within the Wall Assembly 1. Water / Weather-Resistive Barrier (WRB) Addresses: free water / moisture intrusion 2. Vapor Barrier / Retarder (VR) Addresses: vapor diffusion 3. Air Barrier (AB) Addresses: air transfer 4. Thermal Barrier (TB) Addresses: thermal gain / loss Additionally governed by: Climate Zone Design Intensions Intended Performance Goals 1. Water / Weather-Resistive Barrier (WRB) International Building Code IBC Section Weather Protection Weather-resistant exterior wall envelope Include flashing Designed to prevent accumulation of water behind the veneer Provide water-resistive barrier behind the veneer Provide a means of drainage Protect against condensation

6 1. Water / Weather-Resistive Barrier (WRB) Material Options Numerous Options: Board stock sheathing / rigid insulations, etc. Paper based sheet goods Seamed taped joints, mechanical fasteners Self-adhering membranes Seams proper shingle lapped, primers, vapor barrier function Expandable foam insulation Fluid applied coatings Seamless, rapid building dry-in, temperature criteria May also function as Air Barrier Vapor Retarder Barrier (VR) International Building Code IBC Section Purpose / Function Manages Diffusion - the movement of vapor / humidity Reduce or prevent conditions that create condensation Assist in maintaining interior Environmental Quality / Relative Humidity / Human Comfort levels 6

7 2. Vapor Retarder Barrier (VR) International Building Code IBC Section Class I or II vapor retarders shall be provided on the interior side of framed walls in Climate Zones 5 8 and Marine 4 Material Vapor Retarder Classes Class I very low perm / > 0.1 ex. = Sheet polyethylene Class II low perm / ex. = Kraft-faced fiberglass batts Class III medium perm / Ex. = Latex or enamel paint 2. Vapor Retarder Barrier (VR) Dew Point Dew Point The temperature at which air can no longer hold vapor / humidity and deposits it on colder surfaces in the form of water. Condensation 15 7

8 3. Continuous Air Barrier (AB) International Energy Conservation Code IECC 2012 Chapter 4 Air Leakage - Mandatory Section C Air barriers A continuous air barrier shall be provided throughout the building thermal envelope Located on the inside, outside or within the building envelope or any combination thereof Exception Not required in climate zones 1, 2, or 3 All Climate Zones 2015 Same for ASHRAE Continuous Air Barrier (AB) International Energy Conservation Code IECC 2012 Chapter 4 Material Options Common AB Materials Polyethylene sheets Kraft / foil facing on batt insulation Paint coatings Taped sheathing or wallboard Integrated with weather-resistive barrier (WRB) materials Transition detail components Sealants, gaskets, membrane tapes, compression joint material, expandable foam, etc. An individual or assembly of material components 17 8

9 3. Continuous Air Barrier (AB) International Energy Conservation Code IECC 2012 Chapter 4 Continuous Air Barrier Maintain continuous line of Air Barrier Address transitions Wall to roof Wall to foundation Across penetrations such as windows, doors, louvers, etc. Who s responsible for? Assuring material performance and compatibility Coordination of envelope assemblies, trades and materials Compatibility and Testing? Thermal Barrier (TB) i.e. Continuous Insulation (CI) IECC 2012 Chapter 4 Definition Individual and continuous material that resists thermal transfer through the building envelope R-value = the measure of thermal transfer Higher the R-value, the greater the resistance Greater the resistance, the lower the heat gain / loss Influences the location of Dew Point / Condensation Potential 19 9

10 Framed Wall Performance Thermal Bridging energy escape through stud framing in traditional cavity insulated wall assembly Traditional Methodology 20 Framed Wall Performance Thermal Bridging energy escape through stud framing in traditional cavity insulated wall assembly Traditional Methodology 21 10

11 Effective vs. Rated R-Value Thermal Barrier (TB) Rated vs. Effective R- Value ASHRAE 90.1 The truth about cavity insulation R-value 22 The Reality of Cavity - Insulation -50% -54% -58% -63% -65% -69% The truth about cavity insulation R-value 23 11

12 Effective vs. Rated R-Value The Reality of Cavity - Insulation -34% The truth about cavity insulation R-value Thermal Barrier (TB) i.e. Continuous Insulation (CI) IECC 2012 Chapter 4 Design Approach Options The building thermal envelope shall meet the requirements of Tables C402.2 and C402.3 based on climate zone... Minimum design criteria defined for walls, floors, roofs, windows, etc. Prescriptive R-value Performance U-factor (reciprocal of R-value) Energy modeling, DOE ComCheck 25 12

13 Determine your Climate Zone IECC (DOE) divides the US into 8 climate zones Thermal Barrier (TB) International Energy Conservation Code IECC 2012 Table C402.2 Opaque Thermal Envelope Insulation Requirements Prescriptive CLIMATE ZONE except Marine Commercial - All Other 5 and Marine Steel framed R-5.0 CI R-5.0 CI R-7.5 CI R-7.5 CI R-7.5 CI R-7.5 CI R-7.5 CI R-7.5 CI Wood framed and other R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-7.5 CI or R-20 + R-3.8 CI R-7.5 CI or R-20 + R-3.8 CI R-15.6 CI or R-20 + R-10.0 CI Steel framed Wood framed and other Commercial Use Group R Overnight Occupancies R-5.0 CI R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-7.5 CI R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-7.5 CI R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-7.5 CI R-3.8 CI or R-20 R-7.5 CI R-7.5 CI or R-20 + R-3.8 CI R-7.5 CI R-7.5 CI or R-20 + R-3.8 CI Red denotes changes from Commercial All Other R-15.6 CI R-7.5 CI or R-20 + R-3.8 CI R-17.5 CI R-15.6 CI or R-20 + R-10.0 CI 27 13

14 4. Thermal Barrier (TB) International Energy Conservation Code IECC 2012 Table C402.2 Mass Wall Assemblies Opaque Thermal Envelope Requirements Prescriptive CMU, Masonry, Concrete Insulation interior or exterior side Interior requires 15-minute thermal barrier (1/2 drywall) covering Metal Z-furring is not allowed THERMAL BRIDGE CMU core fill materials are not counted CLIMATE ZONE except Marine 5 and Marine Commercial - All Other Mass Wall R-5.7 R-5.7 R-7.6 R-9.5 R-11.4 R-13.3 R-15.2 R15.2 Commercial Use Group R Overnight Occupancies Mass Wall R-5.7 R-7.6 R-9.5 R-11.4 R-13.3 R-15.2 R-15.2 R-25 Red denotes changes from Commercial All Other 28 NFPA 285 Fire Testing Compliance International Building Code (IBC) 2012 Chapter 14 / Section (previously noted) Fire testing walls with water-resistive barriers (WRB) Commercial Type I-IV Constructions above 40-0 Chapter 26 / Section 2603 Plastic / Foam Plastic Insulation Fire testing of walls with foam plastic insulation The specific exterior wall assembly shall be tested in accordance with and comply with the acceptance criteria of NFPA 285 Commercial Type I-IV Construction any height Based on the 2012 code requirements for WRB and CI, all framed wall assemblies must comply with NAFPA 285 which is again based on the specific wall assembly to be installed on the project. When do we know that the wall assembly will be? AFTER BIDDING Determined by the General Contractor and his sub-contractors 14

15 NFPA 285 Fire Testing Compliance Apparatus Diagrams Fire initially started in lower story room 2. Burner added in opening to simulate fire coming through the window Max. 10 x 10 spread area NFPA 285 Fire Testing Compliance Where Required Specific Assembly Test NFPA 285 Fire Testing Compliance Type I - IV Constructions For WRB s Walls greater than 40 in height This may limit some products you currently specify For any exterior foam plastic insulations EPS, XPS, polyisocyanurate, expandable spray foams Exceptions: Mineral wool type insulation Non-combustible claddings Not exempt for WRB 15

16 Evolution of Framed Wall Assembly Early Framed Wall Cladding / veneer Exterior wood sheathing Wood framing Interior sheathing / drywall Primer / 2-coats latex paint 32 Evolution of Framed Wall Assembly Add Cavity Insulation Cladding / veneer Exterior gypsum sheathing Trend to steel framing Cavity Insulation Interior sheathing / drywall Primer / 2-coats latex paint 33 16

17 Evolution of Framed Wall Assembly Add Barriers / Retarders Cladding / veneer Water/Weather-Resistive (WRB) & Air Barrier (AB) Exterior gypsum sheathing Steel framing Cavity insulation Vapor Retarder / Barrier (VR)* Interior sheathing / drywall Primer / 2-coats latex paint * Influenced by Climate Zone 34 Evolution of Framed Wall Assembly Add Continuous Insulation Cladding / veneer Thermal Barrier (TB) i.e. Continuous Insulation (CI)* Water/Weather-Resistive Barrier (AWB) Exterior gypsum sheathing Steel framing Cavity insulation Vapor Retarder (VR)* Interior sheathing / drywall Primer / 2-coats latex paint * Influenced by Climate Zone 35 17

18 Challenges to Address Early Framed Wall Water Intrusion Cladding / veneer / siding Air Infiltration Heat Transfer Exterior sheathing Wood framing Vapor Migration Interior sheathing / drywall Primer / 2-coats latex paint 36 Addressing the Challenges Add Barriers / Retarders Water Intrusion Air Intrusion Heat Transfer Vapor Migration Water/Weather-Resistive Barrier (WRB) targets Water Intrusion Air Barrier (AB) targets air leakage Cavity Insulation helped but does not address Thermal Bridging across the stud line Vapor Retarder (VR)* and WRB target Vapor Diffusion * Use determined by Climate Zone 37 18

19 Addressing the Challenges Add Continuous Insulation Water Intrusion Air Intrusion Heat Transfer Vapor Migration Thermal Barrier (TB) i.e. Continuous Insulation (CI)* targets thermal bridging and substantially improves energy efficiency * Thickness determined by Climate Zone (prescriptive) 38 From Here Highest Performing Framed Wall Assembly Eliminate cavity insulation Increase CI to address thermal barrier requirements* Eliminate interior VR Change WRB to vapor barrier type I Confirm through WVT Analysis * CI Thickness determined by Performance Design Approach 39 19

20 Specifications All the following Sections are now related: Division Thermal Insulation Weather-Resistive Barrier Vapor Retarder Air Barriers Flexible Flashing Pre-formed Joint Seal Joint Protection As well as selected cladding materials (typically more than one used!) Masonry / stone veneer Stucco ACM, insulated metal panel Sidings wood, cement, fiberglass, thin brick / thin stone Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) Who is Really Responsible? Design Intent pushes compliance and compatibility responsibility down to General Contractor in a traditional design-bid-build delivery model Who is making the material decisions and what is their expertise? A typical spec lists 3 options for each individual barrier material creating 100 s of combinations Who is assuring?: Coordination Compatibility Testing compliance Sequencing Proper installation Long-term performance Warranty coverage(s) NFPA 285 Fire Testing Compliance as a Specific Assembly 20

21 Considering Solutions Look for areas of consolidation in material selections: Target materials that accomplish the tasks of more than one of our required barriers Consider one AB/WRB for the entire building Single source material, compatibility, installation, warranty Eliminate barrier-to-barrier transition details Verify required code compliance testing Performance and Compatibility Air leakage for material, assembly and building NFPA 285 (where applicable) Consider Air Barrier Association of America (ABAA) guidelines for WRB, AB certified compliant materials and installer certification This has to be addressed in Contract Documents (CD s) but must also be addressed during material submittal / shop drawing review Considering Solutions The integration of claddings and barriers within the overall wall assembly design become critical as well Compatibility, transition detailing and performance Multiple trades Increases demand for comprehensive coordination Consolidation will help here as well One barrier that can be used behind cladding options? One cladding conveying different aesthetic features such as material, color and texture Cladding options that integrate barriers A system versus a collection of individual parts? Warranted for materials and performance as a system? 43 21

22 Add in the Exterior Cladding Exterior Cladding Options Brick Veneer Conventional Stucco Thin Stone Veneer Metal Panel Siding Materials Exterior Insulated (EIFS) 44 Thick and Heavy Cladding What was once like this

23 Thick and Heavy Claddings Thermal Barrier Integration Becomes complicated by adding in the Thermal Barrier (TB) i.e. Continuous Insulation (ci) Requires longer, stronger, thicker and wider attachment, flashings and structure 46 Thin and Lighter Claddings What was once like this... 23

24 Thin and Lighter Claddings Thermal Barrier Integration Becomes complicated by adding in the Thermal Barrier (TB) i.e. Continuous Insulation (ci) Requires longer, stronger, thicker and wider attachment, flashings, trims Typical Detailing Typical Detailing - Jamb What was once like this... 24

25 Typical Detailing Thermal Barrier Integration Becomes dysfunctional which must be addressed and detailed 50 Insulated Cladding Options Are there cladding options that do integrate barrier components, aesthetics, color and texture? 1.Insulated Metal Panels 2.Joint Venture Assemblies 3.Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) 25

26 Insulated Cladding Options Insulated Metal Panels Integrate Thermal Barrier (TB), YES However, does not comply with the definition of continuous insulation Contain joints / seams CI broken at all joints Thermal Bridge Integrate water-resistive barrier (WRB), NO Integrate Air Barrier (AB), MAYBE NFPA 285 tested??? Some Insulated Cladding Options Joint Venture Assemblies Cladding + TB + WRB + AB? Maybe Multiple manufacturers Attachment method? Warranty?? NFPA 285 tested??? Some Thin brick / stone, metal panel, cement or fiberglass siding 26

27 Insulated Cladding Options Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) The Original CI Integrates TB + WRB + AB Offers diversity for architectural style and aesthetic appearance NFPA 285 tested??? ALL! Exterior Insulated Claddings (EIFS) Typical Detailing - Jamb No need for Enhanced Detailing Accommodates standardized wall components Provides for proper seal Accommodates requirements for CI at all penetrations 27

28 Exterior Insulated Claddings (EIFS) Typical Detailing - Jamb And it all works regardless of how much insulation is specified Exterior Insulated Claddings Achieving a High Performance Wall Can easily accommodate NO CAVITY INSULATION design Delete interior vapor retarder Delete cavity insulation Change exterior AWRB to non-permeable Rule of Thumb Run Water Vapor Transmission Analysis 28

29 Exterior Insulated Cladding (EIFS) Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) Air / water-resistive barrier Adhesively attached / drainage plane Continuous insulation (ci) Base coat, reinforcing mesh Textured finish Single Source for All code required exterior wall components Manufacturing Installation Comprehensive warranty Single-Sourced Solution - EIFS Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) Fluid applied flashing (WRB) Fluid applied air/water-resistive barrier (WRB, AB, & VB) Can be used under all cladding / veneer areas Adhesive / Drainage plane vertical notched trowel Weep / Drainage detailing Continuous Insulation (TB) Fiberglass mesh-reinforced base-coat Textured / colored aesthetic finish Seamless Air / Weather / Moisture / Thermal Solution 59 29

30 High Durability Impact Resistance Ultra-High Impact Reinforcing Mesh Reinforcing mesh installed in 2 individual layers 4.3 oz. / sy reinforcing mesh installed over 20 oz. / sy reinforcing mesh 60 High Durability Impact Resistance The result is unmistakable Standard Impact Ultra-High Impact 61 30

31 Aesthetics, Color and Texture Insulated Claddings can replicate the look of stucco, brick, limestone, granite or metal in almost any color imaginable Full Palette of Aesthetic Options 62 Aesthetics, Color and Texture Integration of Multiple Finishes All EIFS Cladding with Various Finish Options 63 31

32 Summary Case Study Oklahoma City, OK Brick Town USA 64 Construction Cost Savings Original Costs: 37,000 sf of Wall Brick & Limestone original design $ 25.99/sq.ft. = $ 961, EIFS with Drainage w/ Specialty Brick Finish value engineered $ 13.54/sq.ft. = $ 501, Cladding Savings = $ 460, Associated Costs: fewer cubic yards of concrete: $ 6, fewer tons of structural steel: $ 44, Additional Savings = $ 50, Total Direct Savings = $ 511, $ / sf 65 32

33 Construction Cost Savings EIFS with Drainage Brick Facade Trimmed 10 weeks off Construction Schedule 66 Construction Cost Savings USGBC LEED 2.2 Checklist Earned all 10 Points in Energy & Atmosphere 67 33

34 Construction Cost Savings Energy Conservation: Energy Code Wall Design (IBC 06 / IECC 03) Required: MCA As Built: R-8 / U R-22 / U Estimated Energy Cost: Per Standard: MCA As Built: $ 78, $ 44, A Savings of $ 34, per year! 50 Year Life Cycle Savings of: $ 1,702,000.00!! 68 Review and Conclusion Proper understanding, integration and enforcement of the 2012 commercial code compliant Barriers to manage Water Intrusion Water-Resistive Barrier (WRB) Air Infiltration Air Barrier (AB) Heat Transfer Thermal Barrier (TB); and, Vapor Migration Vapor Retarder (VR) Will lead to enhanced energy efficiency, reduced energy consumption and high performance wall assemblies

35 Thank you for your time! Questions? Dean R Balcirak II Northeast Regional Sales Manager dean.balcirak@dryvit.com