Virtual Design and Construction in Support of Construction Engineering

Transcription

1 Virtual Design and Construction in Support of Construction Engineering Martin Fischer Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Director, Center for Integrated Facility Engineering (CIFE) Roberto Arbulu Director, Technical Services Strategic Project Solutions, San Francisco

2 Design and construction planning methods have changed significantly in the last 40 years Picture courtesy Fluor Picture courtesy DPR

3 As have constructibility review and construction communication methods Picture courtesy Fluor Picture courtesy Accu-Crete

4 Design input/ changes Preliminary design GA drawings Detailed engineering design information NOTE: Drawings are batched into sectionsthen subdivided into building components. Each component is an assembly package, e.g. rail box floor, wall, etc. The number of drawing sheets per building component vary depending on the work. On ART for example, each component may consist of 8-15 GA drawings and 8-15 RC detail drawings. All of the GA drawings are complete - pending changes from other design disciplines Draft spec Preliminary RC detailing Consists of: engineering calculations, sketches, etc. Refine RC details and concept for buildability/ detailing Use model to develop and communicate methods AutoCAD CAD RC IDEAS Arma + Iterative process NOTE: Design changes during detailing (from: architecture, baggage, s y s t e m s, e t c. ) a r e upsetting RC drawing development. Prepare RC detail drawings (drafting) Check and coordinate detail Other / None/ Unknown drawings Comment on spec Update spec CAD check (1d/dwg) Independent final check & sign off (2 weeks) Release paper P4 dwgs & bar bending schedules Release spec Check against engineering calcs (.5d /dwg) Building control check & sign off (BAA, time?) Most of the checking process is done concurrently with RC detail development. BAA building control accepts the opinion of the independent design check - and does not perform a check of its own Document control delay (1 week) Release CAD dwg, rebar schedule (*.CSF) in Documentum Rebar factory starts bending Model rebar component (Use digital Prototyping tool) Pre-assembly Issue and resolve TQ s (Technical Queries) Ship to site Site assembly Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) combines: Client/Business Hospital Objectives NSH Project Objectives BIM+ ICE Process Current State Process, T5 Rebar Detailing for Construction Assembly Manufacture Engineering Design Timeline: Preliminary drafting 2 weeks Back drafting 1 week Checking 2 weeks Document control 1 week Technology: Existing Process - 6 weeks

5 If you cannot build it virtually you won t be able to build it in reality. An engineer can model faster and more cheaply than a crew can install the same components. What you see is what you get. Visualizations enable creativity. Sooner or later you pay for integration. Why do we let latency govern project duration? Why do 6 of 10 design engineers spend all their time managing information? What you (performance) model is what you get.

6 Picture Courtesy DPR If it doesn t fit in the 3D model it won t miraculously fit in the field

7 Are the budget, work methods, and schedule aligned? Picture and Case Courtesy DPR 2D data and schedule with 200+ activities for a 1,000,000+ sf office complex 252 hours of 3D modeling, 200 hours of 4D modeling Used extensively for pre-bid constructibility reviews Discovered $3 million in savings for unexcavated courtyards and parking structure redesign Discovered opportunities to save $5 million in overall

8 Is the secant pile wall really constructible on the South side? Picture Courtesy PB

9 Video clips shown Installing a column rebar cage by SPS (see Detailed construction engineering of rebar for a pile extension ( 90-day look-ahead schedule for the Walt Disney Concert Hall by Mortenson (see

10 Identify critical interactions between design and construction sequence Pictures Courtesy Mortenson 10 Architectural concrete and curtain wall work cannot take place in parallel

11 2009 Bentley Systems, Incorporated Streamline Materials Visualize Materials On Site Track Purchase Orders / ETAs Drive Trial Allocation Priorities Bag-and-Tag By Work Pack 11

12 2009 Bentley Systems, Incorporated Virtual Work Packs 4 Views Back 12

13 2009 Bentley Systems, Incorporated ConstructSim Status Visualization Area

14 CIFE Research in Collaboration with CCC 2 C3D Based Project Visual Planning & Controls in Saudi Embassy Project (SEP), Cairo

15 Clearly communicate assembly instructions to the field crews

16 Effective Planning through Virtual Mockups Assembly Drawings for construction! Exempla Lutheran Medical Center Wheatridge, CO CM/GC Copyright M. A. Mortenson Company 2010

17 Supporting the human and machine workflow with a 3D information model Snapshots Courtesy of SPS, San Francisco, CA SPS and project partners: o o Cycle time of design review reduced from 5-6 weeks to 2-3 weeks Lead-time on rebar reduced from 10 days to 3 days o Onsite RFI's were reduced by 80% o If necessary, detailing-fabrication-delivery Image Courtesy Image Turner Courtesy JPL of rebar within 5 days

18 Rebar Production Process Pull Engineering Fabrication & Assembly Installation 3 Days 2 Days 2 Days Center for Integrated Facility Engineering

19 Visual and data models support allocation of materials deployment of construction-applied resources understanding of field construction knowledge to test constructibility of design and construction methods communicate design and construction information create a better and sharable information basis for the current project and future projects rapidly close the loop between planned and actual performance for improved safety, productivity, and environmental performance 10 steps are from Bob Bittner s presentation at the conference. First 3 bullets on the left are from Bob Tatum s categories of construction engineering knowledge presented at this conference.

20 LEVEL 4: SIMULATE FOR OPTIMAL SOLUTION MODULE ONE MODULE TWO Why do you want to use BIM/VDC? Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Who is involved? Do the tools work for your purpose? Devil in the Details Co-location or Co-creation? Model management Framework of collaboration MODULE THREE Formwork modeling on the UC Santa Cruz project helped determine the appropriate reuse of formwork DPR Construction All Rights Reserved

21 LEVEL 4: EXPLORE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PREFABRICATION MODULE ONE MODULE TWO Why do you want to use BIM/VDC? Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Who is involved? Do the tools work for your purpose? Devil in the Details Co-location or Co-creation? Model management Framework of collaboration MODULE THREE Prefabricated drywall panels based on a coordinated BIM on a large healthcare project 2010 DPR Construction All Rights Reserved

22 Materials and assemblies can be fabricated with increasingly high accuracy Max Boegl produces slab tracks for high-speed rail projects with 0.1 mm tolerance. Pictures from Model Measurement Fabrication/Production

23 Stageworks: Real-time schedule control Monitor Planner Production Progress Reporter Planning / Design Project Controls Construction 7 HRS Possession 10 Hours Management Overhead 3 hrs Site Management Cost 3.5 Hrs production 3.5 hrs Site Management Cost Data obtained over 30 possessions indicated 69% productive use of available worksite time.

24 Automatically Generating Look-Ahead Schedules for the Finishing Phase N. Dong, M. Fischer, R. Levitt, D. Ge, Zuhair Haddad, CCC Existing methods and tools did not support the quick assignment of 50 crews to 100s of activities in 200 rooms every day. Automated Schedule Generation Resource Constrained Scheduling Artificial Intelligence Various room finishing types of CMU university project at Qatar (source: CCC) rooms are color coded by type Activity on node network of the finishing of one faculty office, activities are color coded by discipline (source: CCC) Three constraints that trouble the engineers most when scheduling for the finishing phase (picture source: CCC) Project Databases Scattered Data Information Model Integrated Data LAS Gen. Schema Initial Schedules Genetic Algorithm Optimal Schedule(s) Copyright 2010

25 Slide courtesy Mani Golparvar-Fard The results of automated progress detection Residence Hall Construction Project photolog (160 image) Dynamic Planning and Control Methodology: Visualization and Automation of Construction Progress Monitoring

26 Practical Significance Safety Management Remote safety analysis Potential automation of identification of unsafe locations/components Visualization of Sustainable Construction (LEED2009 points) Sustainable Sites Materials and Resources Recycled Content Regional Materials Slide courtesy Mani Golparvar-Fard Concrete- 0.76Kg Carbon footprint/ Kg Normal Recyclability Apr 2009, D4AR System Mani Golparvar-Fard Feniosky Pena-Mora, Silvio Savarese δh Steel- 2.5Kg Carbon footprint/ Kg High Recyclability Dynamic Planning and Control Methodology: Visualization and Automation of Construction Progress Monitoring

27 M2 Meters D1 D1 D1 D2 D2 D2 D3 D3 D3 D4 D4 D4 D5 D5 D5 Comparing construction methods D6 D6 D6 D7 D7 D7 D8 D8 D8 D9 D9 D9 D10 D10 D10 M2 Meters D1 D1 D1 D2 D2 D2 D3 D3 D3 D4 D4 D4 D5 D5 D5 D6 D6 D6 D7 D7 D7 D8 D8 D8 D9 D9 D9 D10 D10 D10 Industrialized III: Used Work Space 0 Reference III: Used Work Space Shoring Shoring Form Work Reinforcement Concrete Form Work Reinforcement Concrete Total Used 60 Total Used Time Time 0 Reference III: Used / Available Work Space Industrialized III: Used / Available Work Space % 60 Form Work Reinforcement Concrete % Form Work Reinforcement Concrete Time Time 0 Reference III: Distance Form Work - Reinforcement Industrialized III: Distance Form Work - Reinforcement Time Middle Closest Time Middle Closest Work with Rogier Jongeling, Lulea Univ. Tech., Sweden