COMMON HAZARDS AND THEIR CONTROL MEASURES AT CONSTRUCTION SITES

Transcription

1 COMMON HAZARDS AND THEIR CONTROL MEASURES AT CONSTRUCTION SITES National Safety Council, Hqs. 98 A,Institutional Area, Sector 15, CBD Belapur, Maharashtra NaviMumbai India Contact no : /25

2 COMMON HAZARDS AND THEIR CONTROL MEASURES IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY HAZARDS TRIPS/SLIPS Trip CONTROL MEASURES TRIPS / SLIPS i. Maintain good house keeping ii. Removal of unwanted material from time to time iii. No temporary electrical connections above ground (2 mtr.) or underground iv. Floor non-slippery v. Avoid overloading of machinery/circuit vi. Have clear access vii. Follow instruction strictly viii. Use proper P.P.E. Slip FALL FROM HEIGHT FALL FROM HEIGHT

3 FALL OF MATERIAL FROM HEIGHT Use of i Scaffold ii Safety belt/safety harness iii Safety net iv Fall arrester v Working platform with railing/fencing vi Working place at height (above 3 mtr.) with no open side vii Roofing bracket for steep roofavoid sliding viii Crawling board for working on steep roof ix Ladder and step ladder x Catch platform not used for storage of material or as working platform FALL OF MATERIAL FROM HEIGHT i. Use of Safety Net ii. Proper slinging iii. Proper manual handling iv. Proper mechanical handling v. Proper stacking - do not overload the floor/platform - do not stack in a manner or height likely to cause a fall - stack above 1.5 meter to be provided with access - stack be barricaded - suitable ppe for dust laden material stacked ELECTRICAL SHOCK ELECTRICAL SHOCK

4 Electrical shock - current 1 ma -shock without muscular pain - 8mA to 50mA- several muscular. Contra & breathing problem - 50mA to 80mA or more- Ventricular Fibrillation.-death due to Asphyxiation. 1. Use of three pin plug with three wire core 2. Portable electric tools and inspection lamps - double insulation with voltage (24v) isolation transformer - earthed with RCCB/ELCB of 30mA sensitivity current - use non conducting footwear - no use of tool in wet or damped location - use within design limit - authorized electrician/operator for repair/maintenance 3. No exposed live wire at excavation, or tunnel work 4. Permanent electric panel HIT BY SPEEDING VEHICLE A person died because of a car hitting to road divider. HIT BY EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT HIT BY SPEEDING VEHICLE i. Observe speed limit ii. Authorized entry of vehicle iii. Observing traffic rules and signs and signals iv. Adequate quality illumination for approaching vehicle v. Proper signs and signal at required points vi. Follow the statutory obligation as per Motor Vehicle Act 1988 HIT BY EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT

5 FIRE i. Equipment on vehicle with proper condition of parking brake, service brake, warning light and horn while reversing ii. iii. FIRE Trained and licensed driver Barricading / flagging the area where such operation is going on iv. Observing speed limit 20 km/hrs on road and 5 km/hrs near the operational area v. Vehicle with adequate illumination during night vi. Adequate precaution as isolation of electric supply or erecting overhead barrier of a safe height is taken when earth moving equipment or vehicle is in dangerous proximity to any live electric conductor vii. Earth moving equipment not to be left on a slope with the engine running viii. Safe gangways be provided for to and fro movement of construction workers engaged on loading and unloading of vehicle ix. No unauthorized person rides the transport equipment x. The driver of such equipment should operate under the direction of a signaler xi. The driver should be adequately trained and should possess required skill

6 ACCIDENTAL ACTUATION OF TOOLS i. Activating fixed fire extinguishers installed ii. Activating smoke and heat venting system iii. Activating fire exit or escape routes iv. Activating devices for restricting smoke and fire propagation v. De-energizing technical system vi. Alarming persons who are in danger vii. Calling fire fighting forces and rescue team viii. Use flame proof tools/equipment ix. Controlling heating and ventilation system x. Activating the evacuation system ACCIDENTAL ACTUATION OF TOOLS i. Tools with proper working switch ii. Tools in proper working condition iii. Training operator iv. Prevent accidental disconnection of pneumatic tools v. Proper accessories for electrical power tools vi. Electrical tools with proper earthing and double insulation vii. Proper place/pocket for keeping and carrying of tool Nail gun accidentally actuated and nail went thru middle finger.

7 DISCONNECTION OF PNEUMATIC TOOLS DISCONNECTION OF PNEMATIC TOOLS Unacceptable i. Tools with proper working switch ii. Tools in proper working condition iii. Training operator iv. Prevent accidental disconnection of pneumatic tools v. Proper accessories for electrical power tools vi. Electrical tools with proper earthing and double insulation vii. Proper place/pocket for keeping and carrying of tool Acceptable DUST AND FUMES DUST AND FUMES i. Ventilation ii. Use of Dust Mask iii. Use proper measures for mitigating dust/fumes Dust Fumes

8 HANDLING OF SOLVENTS, PAINTS, THINNERS ETC HANDLING OF SOLVENTS, PAINTS, THINNERS ETC i. Proper Storage ii. Use of gloves / barrier cream / mask iii. No smoking iv. Maintaining hygiene v. Using special cart for transportation of above EXPLOSIVES HEAT/RADIATION EXPLOSIVES i. Authorized and proper storage ii. iii. Authorized blaster Display proper communication, danger signals before blast iv. Follow instructions strictly v. Apply lock/key vi. Prohibit smoking and naked light vii. Keep a safe distance and non-sparking tool while using explosives viii. Stop use of explosives if weather condition not suitable HEAT/RADIATION

9 i. Isolation, face shield, welding goggles, gloves ii. Aprons, apparel iii. Control at source WRONG POSTURE OF WORK WRONG POSTURE OF WORK i. Right method of material handling ii. Correct position and posture of work iii. Firm floor/base of footing EXCESSIVE NOISE NOISE CONTROL MEASURES 1.Ensuring compliance with relevant statutory requirements. 2.Provide acoustic barriers or enclosure around the source of noise 3. Provide PPE i.e. ear plugs or ear muffs 4. Control the noise at source by changing design etc

10 UNGUARDED MACHINERY UNSTABLE SCAFFOLD UNGUARDED MACHINERY Implementation of The Building &Other Construction Workers (R&E and C of S) Central Rules, 1998: Rule-37 (Fencing of motors,etc.) Maintain the machinery in safe condition with all the guards in their position Keep record of all machinery with guards Replace the damaged or broken guards and keep a record. Depute a responsible person for upkeep of such records UNSTABLE SCAFFOLD stability in scaffold Scaffold posts and frames to be erected and maintained vertically and plumbed vertically. Plumbness to be checked using a spirit level. Scaffold to be supported at the base with ties, guys or outrigger frames in case the height is four times the base. Ties be connected to buildings or structures by connecting a tie tube to at least two post. Scaffold posts and frames to be locked together with pin bolted or pinned spigot to be able to withstand tensile load

11 MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING Manual material handling to be done with six basic kinetics of manual lifting.- Keep feet parted, Keep back straight, Knees bend, Grasp the object by the opposite ends, Tuck your chin in, Lift the weight using feet Decide safe method of handling for every object separately avoiding sharp edges, pinch points, striking against the object handled etc. MECHANICAL MATERIAL HANDLING MECHANICAL MATERIAL HANDLING 1.Ensuring compliance with the provision of Chapter VII BOCW Central Rules Testing and Periodical examination of lifting appliances and lifting gear. 3. Training of Operators, Signaller. 4. Adopt Safe Slinging Practices.