Bush Honeysuckle Control Options and Strategies

Transcription

1 Bush Honeysuckle Control Options and Strategies Ron Rathfon, Extension Forester Zach Lowe, Assistant Professor, Restoration Ecology Southern Indiana CWMA

2 Selecting Control Methods Suite of invasive species Range of sizes of invasive trees and shrubs Numbers of plants or size of area needing treatment Operational environment Availability of equipment, labor, and money Desire to prevent damage to native vegetation

3 Selecting Control Methods No one treatment will do it all! Integrated Vegetation Management (IVM)

4 Invasive Brush Control Prevention Maintain healthy forest Integrate invasive mgt. with forest mgt. plan

5 Invasive Brush Control Early Detection Learn to i.d. 1-3 years walk or ride property to monitor

6 Bush Honeysuckle Control Rapid Response Search & Destroy Missions Hand pulling/grubbing Spot treatments

7 Woody Vegetation Control Six Herbicide Delivery Methods 1. Cut Stump 2. Basal Bark 3. Injection 4. Foliar 5. Dormant Stem Spray 6. Soil

8 1. Cut Stump

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10 Hand or Machine Cutting Resprouting. Treat in spring and again late summer. Avoid cutting in winter as it encourages most vigorous resprouting Most effective with shade-growing shrubs. Labor intensive Disturbance No Herbicide

11 Cut Stump Rathfon & Ruble (2006) Purdue FNR and Vigo Co. Parks Dept. Research 2002/03: Cut stump treatments very effective for shrubs 8 and taller. Tordon/Pathway and 20% Garlon 4 in oil carrier equally effective 100% Some non-target species affected by Pathway Tulip-poplar.

12 Cut Stump - Pathway

13 Lowe, Weeks, Holt, and Parker (2007) Cut Surface Invasive Brush Control. Purdue Wildlife Area, March BHS AO Control 100% AX-IT 20% G4 20% G4+1%S 20% G4+3%S 15%G4+1%S 15%G4+3%S 10% G4+3%S % Control

14 Large scale and mechanized Brown Brush Monitor Cuts up to 2-3 inch stems Debris thrown from the cutting chamber Herbicide sprayed in a 2 nd chamber and wiped across cut stump surfaces treatment options

15 Large scale and mechanized SIPAC, April 2006 Skid Steer Cut up to 6-8 base dia. Spray stumps with herbicide using backpack sprayer Follow-up foliar treatment options

16 Large scale and mechanized treatment options

17 2. Basal Bark Spray

18 General Recommendations Basal Bark Spray Shrubs >4 tall 20% triclopyr ester (Garlon( 4) in oil carrier inch band to root collar on all sides (depending on size) Year round Avoid when bark wet or frozen Inconsistent results reported

19 Basal Bark Spray 6 Treatment application times/seasons 5 Herbicide rates/combinations 4 Oil diluents 2 BHS sizes

20 Herbicide Treatments Proportion BHS Killed o F 48.9 o F 20% Garlon 4 1% Stalker 20% G4 + 1% S 3% Stalker 15% G4 + 3% S Jul-04 Sep- 04 Nov- 04 Jan-05 Mar- 05 May- 05

21 Herbicide x Oil Diluent Treatments 20%Garlon 4 1%Stalker 20%G4+1%S 3%Stalker 15%G4+3%S Herbicide Treatments Diesel AX-IT JLB Plus Arborchem Proportion Killed

22 Lowe, Weeks, Holt, and Parker (2007) Basal Bark Invasive Brush Control. Purdue Wildlife Area, March BHS AO MFR 100% Ax-it 20%Garlon 4 20%G4+1%S 20%G4+3%S 15%G4+1%S 15%G4+3%S 10%G4+3%S % Control

23 3. Injection

24 K.M. Hartman and B.C. McCarthy 2004 Southern Ohio Two Treatments for Bush Honeysuckle 1. Cut Stump painted with 50% glyphosate 2. EZ-Ject lance injection with 83.5% glyphosate Native tree seedlings planted

25 K.M. Hartman and B.C. McCarthy 2004 Southern Ohio Two Treatments for Bush Honeysuckle applied March Cut Stump painted with 50% glyphosate 94% mortality 2. EZ-Ject lance injection with 83.5% glyphosate 95% mortality Brian McCarthy, Ohio University

26 4. Foliar

27 General Recommendations Backpack Low Volume Foliar Herbicide Application: Shrubs up to 8 tall 1-2% Glyphosate (RoundUp, Glypro, Accord) foliar. 1 2% Triclopyr (Garlon 3A, Garlon 4) foliar. May Oct. Thorough coverage, no runoff.

28 Asian Bush Honeysuckle Growth Habits Leafs out very early before most native plants One of last plants to drop leaves in the fall (early to late Nov., central Indiana)

29 Bush Honeysuckle Control Using 3 Herbicide Treatments x 2 Timing Combinations Mortality F=12.2, p=0.0002, =0.05 a a a a a SprTriclo SprTriclo+Imaz SprGlyph FalTriclo FalTriclo+Imaz FalGlyph Mortality GT 50% Damage LT 50% Damage b 4% Garlon 3A 3% Garlon 3A 1/8 % Arsenal 5% Glypro Plus 4% Garlon 3A 3% Garlon 3A 1/8 % Arsenal 4% Glypro Plus Proportion

30 4% GlyproPlus, Low Volume Backpack Nov. 4, 2002 Terre Haute, IN

31 4% Garlon 3A, Low Volume Backpack Nov. 4, 2002 Terre Haute, IN

32 Late Season High Volume Foliar Treatments Southern Indiana Herbicide Herbicide Rate Application Timing

33 Foliar Applied Herbicide Combinations for Bush Honeysuckle Control November 2005, Dubois County Nov 14-Nov 21-Nov Proportion Killed NO TRT NO TRT NO TRT NO TRT 1% GlyproPlus 2% GlyproPlus 4% GlyproPlus 0.125% Arsenal 0.25% Arsenal 0.5% Arsenal 1% GlyproPlus+0.125% Ar...

34 1% GlyproPlus, High Volume Nov. 8, 2005 Dubois Co.

35 4% GlyproPlus, High Volume Nov. 21, 2005 Dubois Co.

36 Log skidder or dozer mounted RadiArc Sprayer James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service

37 Boomless sprayers James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service

38 Serious Weed Control John D. Byrd, Mississippi State University

39 Large scale and mechanized treatment options Brush hog/ Hydroax/Kershaw Good for open areas More difficult in heavily stocked forest stands

40 Large scale and mechanized Lowe et al. (2007) Brush hog/ Hydroax Follow up with foliar herbicide treatment. treatment options Habitat + Krenite Habitat + Krenite + Escort Habitat + Accord

41 5. Dormant Stem Low Volume Lowe, Weeks, Holt, and Parker (2007) Dormant Stem Low Volume Invasive Brush Control. Purdue Wildlife Area, March % Ax-it + 1.5% triclopyr (Garlon 4) % nonionic surfactant % imazapyr (Stalker) in water Applied March % control of BHS, AO, and MFR

42 Large scale and mechanized treatment options Prescribed Fire Fire adapted communities Spring burn preferable to fall burn Lack of fuel in spring and under large BHS thickets Potential damage to overstory trees Follow up with foliar herbicide

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44 Operational Application Use a combination of treatments Follow up treatments Southern Indiana CWMA