Great References. NY and PA Pest Mgt. for Grapes Weeds of the Northeast

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2 Great References NY and PA Pest Mgt. for Grapes Weeds of the Northeast

3 The Label Publications and handouts aren t a substitute for the actual product label. Label has: more detail important precautions State registration varies! NY?

4 Why Control Weeds? Weeds kill or severely reduce grape growth Young vineyards most affected Weed control is not optional

5 Don t believe me???

6 Weight of Niagara vines after one growing season and vegetation-free area. Width of vegetation free area - ft a b 6 93 bc 5 73 c 4 44 d 3 41 d 0 8 e Weight of plants Zabadal and Dittmer HortTechnolgy 2001

7 About 4 feet Weed Free Strip-Covered Aisles Grape

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12 Is This Your Weed Control Program?

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14 Lots of arrows in your quiver 20 active ingredients 30+ brand names

15 A Weed Control Program 1. Kill perennials before planting. 2. Prevent weed growth. 3. Eliminate weed escapes.

16 GLYPHOSATE? Roundup Roundup Ultra Touchdown Touchdown IQ Rattler Glyphomax etc etc etc etc etc

17 Glyphosate is Unique! Translocated. Has no residual soil activity Non-selective. But it s not a complete weed control program

18 A Weed Control Program 1. Kill perennials before planting. 2. Prevent weed growth. 3. Eliminate weed escapes.

19 Step 1. Kill perennials before planting

20 Perennial Weeds Quackgrass Poison Ivy Canada thistle Artemisia Nutsedge Dandelion, Bindweed, etc, etc

21 Crop rotation as weed control

22 Glyphosate Site Prep Late Summer/Fall apps allow for maximum translocation. Be sure weeds are actively growing GPA best Allow 7-14 days before mowing, etc

23 Non Selective Glyphosate kills broadleaf, grasses and sedges Translocates perennials are killed Non-residual no plant-back restrictions

24 Using glyphosate The better the weed is growing. the better glyphosate herbicide will work.

25 Step 2. Preventing weed growth

26 Preventing weed growth Mulches Cultivation Pre-emergence herbicides

27 Mulches labor intensive availability and quality issues offer other benefits useful on a small scale

28 Cultivation labor intensive erosion, other soil considerations Weed Badger

29 Preemergence herbicides Safe Economical Effective Must calibrate Observe precautions

30 Calibration pounds product per treated acre see our simple worksheets with pre-emerge herbicides, rates matter

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32 Pre-emerge Herbicide Facts of Life

33 Preemerge herbicides won t control perennial weeds. No single preemerge herbicide will control all weeds. No single application will give year-long weed control

34 Rates are related to soil texture light soils = low rates heavy soils = higher rates

35 Strap yourself in

36 Use Tank Mixes Broadleaf Control Grass Control Gallery Devrinol Princep Prowl Goal Solicam Karmex Surflan Chateau

37 Sample tank mixes Gallery + Prowl H2O Ok for first year plantings Karmex + Solicam Princep + Surflan Moderate rates of two herbicides = effective, safe weed control

38 Let s look at a few preemerge products

39 OK first year Gallery best on annual broadleaves non-bearing only excellent tank mix partner for grass herbicides picks up ragweed and other important broadleaves isoxaben

40 Surflan OK first year also sold as Oryzalin best on annual grasses tank mix with Gallery in year 1-2 also OK on bearing plantings oryzalin

41 Devrinol OK first year best on annual grasses degraded by light tank mix with Gallery in year 1 and 2 also OK on bearing plantings napropamide

42 OK first year Prowl H20 best on annual grasses dormant applications only tank mix with Gallery in year 1 and 2 other formulations, non bearing only pendimethalin

43 Can I use pre-emerge herbicides in the planting year? Yes! chose products and rates carefully. make sure soil is settled and firmed around plant roots apply before weed germination or add a nonselective herbicide if weeds have emerged.

44 Use Tank Mixes Broadleaf Control Gallery Grass Control Surflan Devrinol Prowl

45 As you know weeds do most damage to young vines cultivation most difficult in young plantings it s easier to start and stay weed free

46 Can I tank mix pre-emerge and post-emerge herbicides? Roundup do not contact green tissue! Gramoxone Rely Scythe Directed sprays or shielded sprayers avoid contact with green tissue

47 Established plantings 3 years and older

48 3 years minimum Princep best on broadleaves tank mix with a grass herbicide simazine

49 3 years minimum Karmex Direx, Diuron best on broadleaves tank mix with a grass herbicide diuron

50 2 years minimum Solicam pigment inhibitor best on grasses, suppresses nutsedge tank mix with a broadleaf herbicide nurfluazon

51 3 years minimum* Goal pre and early postemerge control Kills small emerged broadleaves excellent broadleaf control tank mix with grass herbicide also sold as Goaltender oxyfluorfen

52 Preemerge Herbicide Timing Prior to weed seed germination Or, tank mix with non-selective herbicide when weeds are small Re-apply in fall Control fall germinating weeds

53 Fall apps clean-up escaped perennials clean up germinated winter annuals prevent germination of winter annuals Gramoxone or Rely + Princep

54 Chateau Good fall cleanup material Can tank mix with a burndown herbicide Best if debris is raked or blown out of the row.

55 Chateau Chateau = flumioxazin excellent pre-emerge Grasses and broadleaves some post-emerge activity tank mix with burn-down products

56 Spring Chateau Timing Single 12 oz rate OR split apps in mid and late spring with post-emerge products (6 oz each time) Glyphosates, Gramoxone, Rely

57 Chateau precautions labeled on 1-2 year plantings with some restrictions To avoid contact with green tissue; Concord injury OK for bearing plantings shielded sprayers only after bud break

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59 Reminders calibrate sprayers keep records double check calculations read labels ask questions Leave a check strip

60 Step 3 Eliminate Weed Escapes

61 Non-selective herbicides Roundup, etc Rely Gramoxone Scythe Aim Fusilade, Select, Poast

62 Glyphosate products no contact with green stems, leaves or suckers! no fresh pruning cuts! it translocates! best non-selective herbicide

63 Rely glufosinate contact rather than translocated results similar to Gramoxone without toxicity issues sucker control glufosinate

64 Gramoxone contact action sucker control 24 hours to visual results requires a surfactant Danger label paraquat

65 Scythe contact action 3-10 percent solution thorough coverage essential stinks, eye irritant pelargonic acid

66 Aim Contact action Sucker control carfentrazone

67 Post emerge grass control Poast Select non bearing only Fusilade - non bearing only

68 All together now an example

69 Planting year Allow soil to settle via rainfall or irrigation Apply Gallery + Surflan ASAP and before weed germination Use Gramoxone or Rely as needed to get escapes or glyphosate in shielded sprayer

70 Year 2 Roundup + Gallery + Prowl H20 in April Apply Rely or Gramoxone as needed in-season to get escapes

71 Year 3 Apply Roundup plus Chateau in April and May using 6 oz Chateau per app. Spot treat with Rely as needed in season Apply Princep in fall after harvest

72 Later years Tank mix preemerge herbicides for spring apps Use fall apps of Princep or Chateau for winter annuals, adding burndown material if needed

73 Reminder 20 arrows in your quiver calibrate ask questions, read labels pre-emerge herbicides are worth a try

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