Making Stoves and Fixing Carbon. Trees, Water & People PROLEÑA Aprovecho Research Center

Transcription

1 Making Stoves and Fixing Carbon Trees, Water & People PROLEÑA Aprovecho Research Center

2 Trees, Water & People TWP is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization that improves people s lives by helping communities protect, conserve and manage the natural resources upon which their long-term well-being depends.

3 PROLEÑA PROLEÑA is a Nicaraguan not-for-profit organization that promotes biomassbased energy technologies and sustainable biomass production.

4 TWP in Latin America Has been working in Latin America since 1998 Has established reforestation and fuel-efficient stove projects in Central America, Mexico, Brazil, and Haiti Has produced and planted 1.6 million trees and built more than 23,000 fuel-efficient stoves

5 Two-Pronged Approach to Sustainable Energy & Forest Conservation Community reforestation to increase supply of trees Fuel-efficient stoves to reduce the demand for trees

6 Fuelwood usage in Nicaragua 50% of urban families use fuelwood for cooking, for a total of over 120,000 families in the seven largest cities 90% of rural families use fuelwood for cooking 95% of fuelwood users use traditional open-fire stoves

7 Forest Replacement Associations (FRAs) FRAs are designed to create a local, sustainable supply of fuelwood for commercial and domestic consumers (e.g. brick makers, potters, lime producers) By joining a FRA, local businesses contribute money towards producing new tree seedlings in our local nurseries Seedlings are sold at a reduced price to local farmers who harvest the trees within 3-5 years and sell them back to local commercial fuelwood consumers

8 FUNDANIC Project In 2007 the EU partnered with TWP and PROLEÑA for a project to produce 1 million trees over 4 years in FRA tree nurseries 500,000 trees produced in 2007, for a total of 256 hectares (633 acres) planted

9 Micro-enterprise Stove Project Goals To produce quality stoves to reduce IAP, fuelwood consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions To disseminate the improved stoves to the hundreds of thousands of rural and urban families in Nicaragua still using traditional stoves To create a self-sustaining micro-enterprise that can serve as a model for stove projects in other countries

10 Project Methodology Central stove factory to produce and sell stoves Micro-enterprise model for sustainable development Sales to families and businesses that can afford full price Subsidies, layaway plans, or microcredit for the working poor, especially tortilla and nacatamal producers/vendors

11 The EcoStove A metal fuel-efficient stove developed by TWP, PROLEÑA, and Aprovecho

12 The EcoStove TWP and PROLEÑA have built over 8,000 EcoStoves in Nicaragua since Target Populations: Urban Low Income Families Urban Entrepreneurs (tortilla & nacatamal makers)

13 EcoStove Models $97 $109 $84 $163

14 Benefits of the EcoStove Reduces respiratory problems and other health impacts of Indoor Air Pollution Saves money on fuelwood so businesses can be more profitable Reduces deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions by consuming 30-50% less fuelwood compared to traditional cook stoves

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16 Study on EcoStove Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions Kitchen Performance Test (KPT) conducted for Climate Care Ltd. by the consulting firms Ambiental PV and ENASA Annual reduction in CO 2 emissions estimated based on the amount of fuelwood used by tortilla and nacatamal (tamale) producers using EcoStoves vs. traditional stoves

17 Study Results Kitchen Performance Test (KPT) Stove model Food designed for Tonnes CO 2 avoided/yr/stove EcoFogon Tortillas 4.9 EcoBarril Nacatamales 1.1

18 Analysis of Study Results EcoFogon users showed great variation in fuelwood usage based on tortilla production. Tortilla producers with greater output from working all day long did not waste energy bringing the thermal mass of the stove up to temperature three times a day, so they used less fuelwood per gram of dough cooked. Both models tested have deviated somewhat from Larry Winiarski s stove design principles, making them appropriate only for larger commercial producers. For smaller commercial producers and domestic users, a stove consistent with stove design principles (e.g. the Honduran EcoFogon) would be more appropriate.

19 Monitoring Stove longevity will be monitored to determine how many years of emissions reductions can be credited Students from Colorado State University (CSU) and the National University of Nicaragua (UNAN) are planning a study to measure IAP emissions and health of women and children before and after switching from traditional stoves to EcoStoves

20 Challenges and Solutions Metal prices have risen dramatically, raising cost of stoves - Seek higher volumes to lower metal prices EcoStoves now too expensive for the poor - Offer installment plans and layaway payment options - Offer micro-credit via FINCA, FAMA (Foundation for Micro-enterprise Support), FDL (Fund for Local Development), FODEM (Fund for Women s Development) - Provide 30% subsidy with support from Rotary Clubs and TWP for working poor - Seek other international and national NGOs and government agencies as purchasers

21 Conclusions Need more advanced stove production methods to reach the hundreds of thousand of families who need improved stoves in Nicaragua Micro-credit is a key component to make stoves affordable for the majority of families in Nicaragua More linkages with government agencies, other nonprofit groups, and private sector to raise awareness on dangers of indoor air pollution to women and children More research, development, and funding needed to lower production costs, improve fuel efficiency, and disseminate stoves more widely

22 Funded by Rotary Clubs and Rotary International Trees, Water & People Ashden Award/Climate Care/Pioneer Carbon European Union (reforestation project) Carbon Clear (kiln project)

23 Contact Information Marlyng Buitrago PROLEÑA Villa Arlen Siu Stuart Conway Trees, Water & People 633 Remington St. Fort Collins, CO Del nuevo PALI las Americas 75 varas al sur Managua, Nicaragua ,