Seminar Next Generation of Forest Agency Leaders

Transcription

1 Seminar Next Generation of Forest Agency Leaders Oaxaca de Juárez, Oax., May 2013

2 Oaxaca, a forest State: features, resources and community governance schemes

3 State Location and Features Oaxaca is located in southeast Mexico Total area: 9.3 millon ha. Forest Cover: 6.2 millon ha Forest: 3.31 millon ha Rain Forest: 2.65 millon ha Type property: 90% social property Municipalities: 570 Total Population: 3.3 millon inhabitants 12,000 flora and fauna species, more than 800 species are endemic (Biodiversity of Oaxaca, 2004). Ecosystems: rain forests, tropical forests, temperate forests, dry forests, thorn forests and desert areas.

4 State Location and Features CULTURAL DIVERSITY: 16 ethnics groups: Amuzgo, Chatino, Chinanteco, Chocho, Chontal, Cuicateco, Huave, Ixcateco, Mazateco, Mixe, Mixteco, Náhuatl, Triqui, Zapoteco, Zoque and Popoloca in danger extintion. Approximately 2 million people are indigenous 6 of 10 Oaxacan belong to an ethnic group. 8 regions: Cañada, Costa, Mixteca, Sierra Norte, Sierra Sur, Papaloapan, Central Valleys and Isthmus. 1,583 agrarian cores: 810 ejidos and 773 communities.

5 Oaxaca Forest Numeralia CONCEPT AREAS State forest area: 6.2 millon ha (66% total state area) Area with territorial use planning (Community Land Management): Volume timber production (roundwood): Area with Payment for Enviromental Services schemes Area with Payment for Enviromental Services schemes under matching funds s modality: Forest Certification (FCS) : In certification process (ATP y NMX): Regionals Committees of Natural Resources 1.4 Millon ha 380, 000 annual M3 417, 626 ha 32,658 ha. 93,254 ha in 8 communities 29,999 ha in 5 communities 14

6 Forests and rain forest of Oaxaca were concessioned to private companies until From that year, communities and ejidos have been building their own communitary development schemes taking as central point the rational use of its forests, based on the scheme of Community Forestry

7 Achievements Timber production with sustainability criteria and certification of good forest management, trade integration processes. Production diversification: bottling of spring water, pine resin, community ecotourism, ornamental plants, crafts, mushrooms, other non timber forest products. Management plans of community conservation areas (PSA, Voluntary Carbon Market). Advances in restoration, reforestation and forest protection processes.

8 Community Government Schemes in Oaxaca Activity carried out by those who occupy certain offices that are part of a hierarchical system, civil and religious, in some cases, involving the whole community. Everyday conflicts or crimes of various kinds are being reported to authorities that occupy the highest positions in this system, whose experience and supported by the domestic unwritten rules take relevant decisions. JUSTICE ENFORCEMENT, CONDUCT OF LIFE COMMUNITY, CONFLICT RESOLUTIONS (CUSTOM AND USAGE) All adult male members have to play some of the lowest charges, the highest are occupied by those who demonstrated greater skills when they served in the past. In some communities, if the problem is very complex often request support from respected elders, councils of elders or characterized councils, it can be inclusive taken to the communitary assembly,

9 Community Government Schemes in Oaxaca Responsability Confidence Criterion Customary rules SOCIAL CAPITAL Communitarian Organization Communitarian Government Systems Mutual aid Reciprocity Assemblyism Comunication

10 Communities with community enterprises (traditional scheme ) Council of elders Characterized Commons General Assembly Comissariat of Commons Supervisory board Assitant Secretary Coordinator Chief Financial officer Ranger Chief Documenting Operational Staff Head of Production

11 Community Management Commons General Assembly Characterized Elders Council s Commissariat of commons Supervisory Board Communitary Enterprises Communitary Management Forest Production Sawmilling industry Human Resources Accounting area Services Farming activity Productive diversification Roads Provision Sawmills Movable workshop Social Security Costs Sales Transport Community store Agriculture Livestock Water plant Ecoturism

12 Support tools for communities governance s Communitary territorial orderings: Analysis of environmental variables and needs of usage to determine the use of land, according to its vocation. Defining rules for use of common resources to strengthen community life through Communal Statute: Document prepared and approved by the community, through which provides effective control over forest resources commonly used by agreements that enabling the design and strengthening of its rules. Construction of a medium and long term vision to guide local development in a more orderly and coherent way (communitary development plans); Promote a better organization and land use, ensuring natural resources and promoting regional balance.

13 Thanks for your attention and welcome to Oaxaca

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