Systemic change=> Bringing adaptation to the forefront. Guided by the priority placed by the Moroccan COP

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1 Headline messages One year after Paris, the Transport community is increasingly well placed to scale up action and move the sector onto a long term pathway towards net zero-emission mobility and greater action on adaptation. The GCAA Transport "Showcase & Dialogue" events showed that the implementation of transport parts of NDCs can benefit from: 1. A wide range of Initiatives which are increasingly demonstrating they are able to kick start and scale up transformative actions Outcome-oriented reporting mechanism for initiatives and a governance structure have been established and helped to facilitate scaled up action by a range of transport Initiatives. Call to action has been launched to foster new Initiatives to bridge gaps in areas which are not yet well covered, e.g. clean energy supply and enabling economic instruments, but are essential for the successful transformation of the transport sector 2. A comprehensive action framework to kick-start the transformation of the sector, and limit the lock-in effects of a high-carbon BAU scenario in the transport sector Pre-2020 action can be catalyzed through 20 Quick Wins - that span policy, regulatory and operational solutions for both, human mobility and freight movement; A phased, regionally specific Global Roadmap that links policy, investment and behavior, as well as technology has been worked out to put transport onto a path to decarbonization early in the second half of the century, while strengthening short and medium term adaptation efforts. 3. Launching a process of stakeholder consultation to ensure continuity and progress in between COPs This process will promote broader buy-in from both public and private sectors for Transport initiatives, Quick Wins and Global Road Map through regional and stakeholder consultations. A process is also underway to frame an umbrella coordination mechanism that aligns the sector as a whole and ensures that these decarbonization and adaptation interventions are aligned with the particular development needs of particular countries and local stakeholders (cities). Examples on progress and implementation made since COP21 The 3 examples below illustrate the 3 major pillars of Transformative change: Technical change=> Aligning vision and efforts to scale up Fuel Economy and E-mobility. Rapid change and improvements in action on fuel economy were reported in the Showcase, notably by the Global Fuel Economy Initiative, which now has 65 countries targeted (up from 40 at COP21) and expanded the scope to include heavy duty vehicles. Rapid progress was also reported by some of the Initiatives focusing on E-mobility and were further strengthened by Morocco s announcement to promote regional synergism on e-mobility as part of the African Association for Sustainable Road Transport and important new state support for the Clean Energy Ministerial Electric Vehicles Initiative (CEM-EVI) has been announced at the COP. Behavioral change=> Sustainable urban mobility in support of a zero-net economy. Different urban oriented Initiatives - MobilizeYourCity, UITP Climate Challenge, Cycling Delivers, ITS for Climate - have advanced in developing and implementing measures towards decarbonizing urban transport and greater adaptation efforts, and are now able to report concrete progress. The Airport Carbon Accreditation scheme now has 170 accredited airports and 4 more European airports are carbon neutral. The Global Green Freight Acton Plan has made progress particularly in the Northern Corridor of Africa. Systemic change=> Bringing adaptation to the forefront. Guided by the priority placed by the Moroccan COP 1

2 Presidency the GCAA Transport initiatives are strengthening their adaptation focus, e.g. the UIC Low Carbon Sustainable Rail Challenge and rallied together to launch a COP22 Declaration on stronger action on adaptation in the transport sector. Through the creation of an African Association for Sustainably Road Transport, Morocco will share its experience in the adaptation of Highways, and contribute to capacity building and tool development in the region. Policy Option(s) for Transformative action on Transport All transport modes: Policy options will need to combine action to address an increasing need for mobility and transport, whilst drastically cutting GHG emissions trough: (a) Avoiding emissions e.g. through better land-use planning and travel demand management; (b) Shifting passenger and freight transport to the least energy and carbon intensive modes of transport, including shared and new mobility service options; (c) Improving the environmental performance of vehicles and fuels as well as supporting ITS options that optimize transport. The New Urban Agenda, adopted at the Habitat III conference provides a comprehensive set of Avoid-Shift-Improve oriented policy approaches for transformative action in cities, transforming major cities with Ultra-Low Emission Zones is an example of such transformative action. Ensuring ambitious, transformative policies needs to be a priority and this needs to go hand in hand with the development of innovative financing options to overcome any financial barriers. This calls for new approaches to off-setting (including, but not limited to aviation), a break-through in mobilizing private sector funding possibly helped by a greater use of Climate Finance. The potential of carbon pricing, till now not widely applied in the transport sector, also can be made more explicit. The contribution of aviation to a net zero emission economy can be optimized making use of the recent international agreement in ICAO to tackle climate change and recent technological innovations on aviation. Similar action is required for maritime transport. This should foster ambitious timetables for emission reductions from the aviation and maritime sub-sectors, consistent with what modern, evolving, technologies say is achievable. Policy linkages on national and international emissions from aviation and maritime sub-sectors can be strengthened for example through improved mobility around airports and ports. Accelerated efforts are required to make transport infrastructure, systems and services more resilient to current and future climate change, by integrating adaptation into all relevant policies or guidelines, investment decisions, infrastructure design and construction parameters, and transport operations. Short-term (2017-COP 23) and Mid-term (2020) objectives for the Transport Sector COP 23 objectives: Scaled up action by existing and new GCAA Transport initiatives and initial implementation of Quick Wins on Transport, Climate Change and Sustainable Development. Additional research on transformative policies, technologies and financing, as well as the impact on economic structure and employment of implementing the Global Macro-Roadmap with the objective of enriching, finalizing and implementing the Global Macro Roadmap. COP22 Declaration on Accelerated Action on Adaptation in Transport being implemented. Dialog with Private Sector as well as Transport Ministers, initiated during COP22, institutionalized as part of the Global Climate Action Agenda, 2020 COP 26 objectives: second generation Nationally Determined Contributions and low Greenhouse Gas Emission Strategies are aligned with, regionally specific, pre-2020 Quick Wins and long term phased, regionally specific Global Road Map as well as COP22 Declaration on Adaptation and Transport and demonstrate increased ambition for both mitigation and adaptation. Countries have put in place enabling public policies and financing 2

3 frameworks that benefit scaled up implementation of GCAA Transport initiatives in a manner that is aligned with the Global Macro Roadmap. Annex: Quick Wins on Transport, Climate Change and Sustainable Development- Immediate bold and ambitious action is required that will kick-start the transformation of the transport sector in the desired roadmap directions, and limit the lock-in effects of a high-carbon business-as-usual (BAU) scenario. It is in this spirit that the Paris Process on Mobility and Climate developed 20 quick win actions for implementation at scale in the pre-2020 period, which cohere with the global roadmap described below. These pre-2020 actions span policy, regulatory and operational solutions for both human mobility and freight movement, thus providing a balanced toolbox to ramp up needed actions across transport themes and modes: 1. Accelerate action on black carbon. 2. Accelerate phase-out of fossil fuel subsidies. 3. Expand car and (e-)bike sharing systems. 4. Expand capacity building. 5. Sustainable freight recognition schemes. 6. Expand use of ICT applications. 7. Formulate Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans. 8. Implement (ultra-) low emission zones. 9. Zero-emissions (last-mile) urban freight. 10. Improve freight efficiency. 11. Increase bus-based transit. 12. Introduce pricing for motorized travel options. 13. Introduce carbon pricing 14. Encourage cycling and walking. 15. Invest in rural road maintenance. 16. Stricter speeding regulations. 17. Modernize ageing rail fleets. 18. Improve walking and cycling infrastructure. 19. Encourage expansion of electric vehicle fleets. 20. Tighter fuel economy standards. Global Macro-Road Map on Decarbonizing Transport - For the Transport sector, the goal is to move from 7.7Gt emissions/year down to 3 or 2Gt by 2050, and aim to zero net emission between 2060 (most advanced areas) and 2080 (other parts of the world). All modes of transport (road, railway, aircraft, maritime, rivers, transport for people and goods) will need to be part of a global systemic transformation involving consumption pattern and behavioral changes, major technological innovations, the emergence of new mobility ecosystems, and the creation of new business models. The GCAA Transport team will bring together all relevant stakeholders (public and private sector, think tanks) around a sound Global Macro-Road Map, a reference or compass to set the course towards the long-term direction set in Paris, enabling each actor to develop their own positioning and work out their contribution in line with the overall directions set by the Global Macro-Road Map on: Synergistic urban transformation Leverage aspiration for healthier, inclusive lifestyles and less wasted time to drive de-carbonization Low-carbon energy supply strategy Improve modal and system efficiencies De-fragment and shorten supply chains (freight)error! Bookmark not defined. Transform work practices and accelerate unwanted individual commuting reduction 3 Tailor solutions for the rural (non-urban) populations Invest in adaptation Speed up the advent of economic instruments giving a value to carbon, de-risking long-term investment in low-carbon solutions, and helping society at large embrace new behaviors/technologies

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5 Annex II: GCAA Transport Initiatives: Key Achievements in 2016 and Plans for 2017 INITIATIVE NAME KEY SUCCESS IN 2016 PLANS FOR 2017 Airport Carbon Accreditation Aviation s Climate Action Takes Off C40 Clean Bus Declaration 7 years on, 173 certified airports worldwide, including 26 carbon neutral airports 36% of air passengers are travelling through an Airport Carbon Accredited airport. Progress on all elements of measures to reduce CO2 emissions from international aviation, including the landmark agreement by ICAO Assembly on a global market-based measure. As a result of showcasing strong global demand for clean buses through the Declaration, the price of hybrid buses has reduced by over 10% for London. Continue growing and progress towards carbon neutral airport operations all over the world. Enhance ICAO capacity-building activities toward implementation of the agreed global market-based measure, and to support States Action Plans to reduce aviation emissions. Initiative will support signatory cities in scaling up clean bus plans in multiple ways, including a Finance Academy in April 2017 in London, focused on clean bus financing. Global Fuel Economy Global Green Freight Action Plan ITS 4 Climate Low Carbon Road and Road Transport Initiative MobiliseYourCity 2 GFEI has begun to support 40 new countries to realise the financial, resource saving and CO2 benefits of improved vehicle fuel economy. Centered around the online platform the initiative supported the development and improvement of green freight programs in Asia, Europe, Latin America, and Africa The initiative achieved an international survey of ITS projects with environmental objectives, and methodologies dedicated to measuring the impact of ITS solutions on CO2 emissions and evaluating project efficiency. The Association decided to dedicate a new strategic theme to Climate-Change, Environment and Disasters, aiming at increasing resiliency and protect investments in transportation infrastructure from impacts of Climate-Change events while lessening the impact of road transportation on the environment. Approximately EUR 25M raised (funding confirmed from the DG DEVCO, France, Germany; additional donors sought), first steering committee meeting and admission of beneficiary partners scheduled during COP22, GFEI will expand its network; expand its scope, and secure new resources for its work. In 2017, the initiative will organize two workshops in Europe and Latin America, and develop important technical documentation, including guidance to incorporate black carbon in green freight programs, and to develop national freight assessments. The initiative will foster public recognition of ITS through different actions, in particular the organization of an hackathon, and launch an international R&D program aiming at developing and testing on real cases the impact of ITS solutions on CO2 emission. The Association will assess the use of this document and go on in this direction, especially through its technical committee on adaptation strategies and resiliency. Implementation in the first countries/cities (India, Morocco, Cameroon, Senegal, Tunisia) and scaling-up the initiative: additional funds foreseen, new partners and beneficiaries.

6 Navigating a Changing Climate UIC Low Carbon Sustainable Rail Transport Challenge UITP Declaration on Climate Change Leadership Urban Electric Mobility Initiative World Cycling Alliance (WCA) and European Cyclists Federation (ECF) Commitment Worldwide Taxis4SmartCities Zero Emission Vehicle Alliance secretariat in Brussels to be inaugurated in December Three new partners: ESPO, IMarEST and IWI. New one-stop- shop website launched November. Climate adaptation workshops held in UK, Philippines, South Africa and Dubai. Progress report ; since 1990 the global rail sector have improved energy efficiency by 37% and reduced carbon emissions by 30% (per TU: passenger-km + tone-km) Implementation could be reported in 60 cities covering around 45% of the 350 public transport actions pledged in support of the Declaration. Worked with 19 cities in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America on knowledge sharing and the development of implementation concepts; capacity building for over 2000 experts factsheets and policy paper developed World Cycling Alliance (WCA) and European Cyclists Federation (ECF) achieved to get cycling well reflected in the New Urban Agenda, adopted at Habitat III in Quito. Number of members increased from 14 in April 2016 at the official launch of the initiative to 19 by October The 14 member governments of the ZEV Alliance are striving for 100% of their passenger vehicle sales to be ZEVs by International conference, Brussels, March: Moving towards low carbon and resilient waterborne transport infrastructure. Technical guidance documents on adaptation, on resilience and on carbon management. Develop a road map for cost effective climate change adaptation for the rail sector Support implementation of national pledges on public transport through delivering action linked to the UITP Declaration and help build national and local capacity on public transport SDG reporting New call for cities will be launched in January, new learning program will start in February, pilot project concepts will be developed for selected cities. WCA and ECF monitor the modal share of cycling of at 70 cities based on their data and we campaign for a World Bicycle Day. Finalize a charter of progress to encourage innovations related to the four pillars of sustainability (training of drivers, taxi accessibility, shared mobility, complementarity with public transport) Members share best practices, innovate on new policy, and look to recruit more members to accelerate ZEV adoption worldwide. 3