Large-scale balancing and energy storage from Norwegian hydropower

Transcription

1 Large-scale balancing and energy storage from Norwegian hydropower Atle Harby 1, Ånund Killingtveit 2, Michael Belsnes 1, Eivind Solvang 1, Julian Sauterleute 1, Julie Charmasson 1, Magnus Korpås 2, Ingeborg Helland 3, Antti Eloranta 3, Ove Wolfgang 1, Marte Qvenild 3, Ingeborg Graabak 2 1 SINTEF Energy Research 2 Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) 3 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)

2 SINTEF and NTNU (The Norwegian University of Science & Technology) Number of employees: NTNU: Scientific: 60 % Students: SINTEF: Scientific: 73 % SINTEF is doing contract research Technology for a better society 2

3 Centre for environmental design of renewable energy - CEDREN Atle Harby, Director

4 8 years ( ) 10 large research projects two more from Norwegian research partners 16 Industry partners and 2 management partners Budget: ~350 MNOK (40 MNOK in 2015) 21 PhD and 7 Post-doc positions International student and professional exchange Renewable energy respecting nature

5 International partners:

6 Hydropower technology Environmental impacts of hydropower Environmental impacts of wind power and power transmisson How to reconcile energy and environment policy?

7 Energy scenarios Transmission and distribution infrastructure Energy storage technologies Demand side management Improved forecasting of resource availability Maybe as much as 340 TWh of storage volume and 150 GW of balancing capacity needed in Europe by 2050

8 RES challenges - Germany High Photovoltaic production Summer Solar energy Conventional energy Significant reduction of peak load due to solar power production at noon Source: Burger, B. "Electricity production from solar and wind energy in 2012", Fraunhofer ISE, presentation, February, 2013 URL:

9 RES challenges High Wind power production Winter Nearly no residual load left to conventional power plants Wind energy But back-up capacity necessary Source: Burger, B. "Electricity production from solar and wind energy in 2012", Fraunhofer ISE, presentation, February, 2013 URL:

10 RES challenges No production from RES Winter Peak load and nearly whole demand during the week completely covered by conventional power plants Source: Burger, B. "Electricity production from solar and wind energy in 2012", Fraunhofer ISE, presentation, February, 2013 URL:

11 Hydro storage a renewable battery

12 German Minister of Economy, Philipp Roesler, visiting the Blue battery of Norway guided by Regional Statkraft Director and CEDREN Chairman of the Board, Jan Alne MW Norwegian hydro capacity to make Germany 100 per cent renewable by 2050

13 Installed Energy Storage capacity 2 installations worldwide Ca 200 installations worldwide Worldwide installed rated power of storage facilities for electrical energy. Such power level can be sustained for up to several hours or shorter

14 Goldistal, Germany

15 Indirect storage Blåsjø 7.8TWh reservoir (1000 times Goldistal) sid e 15 15

16 Norwegian hydro and Danish wind MWh Export Generation in Norway Import Load in Norway Oct 20 Oct 22 Oct 24 Oct Norwegian hydro exporting Danish wind cover underproduction

17 Simulated wind production in the North Sea area in MW installed capacity 90000, MW 80000, , , , , , , ,00 0,00 one year

18 MW Wind Power North-Sea Region - Jan March MW 7 x 24 h (Wind data 2001) MW 7 x 24 h One week balancing means 7 x 24 h Ca MW in 168h GWh energy storage Same as 1000 typical PSH 0 Can Hydropower in Norway supply this storage?

19 Hydropower in Norway Resource base Water, high head Large natural reservoirs

20 Norwegian hydropower Currently: 32 GW 130 TWh/year Hundreds of large reservoirs 20 reservoirs with more than 100 Mm 3 20 GW of extra capacity possible ~15 TWh always availble storage

21 Aurland Tyin CEDREN Case study 2030 Sima Hol Nore Mauranger/Oksla/Tysso Tinnsjø Kvilldal Jøsenfjorden Holen Orknøyene Shetland Lysebotn Tonstad

22 The technical potential MW in southern Norway possible

23 Transmission capacity NO-Sweden North/Midle-Norway: MW South-Norway: MW SouthWest-link: MW (2019) NO-Denmark SK1-3: 950 MW SK4: 600 MW (2014) NO-Netherlands NorNed1 (NL): 700 MW NorNed2 (NL): 700 MW (2016) NO-Germany NorGer: MW (2018) NORD.LINK: MW (2018) NO-England MW (2020) Possible interconnection capacity in 2020: = MW

24 Scenario building methodology Research question : Which role can energy balancing and storage from Norwegian hydropower play in the European electricity market by 2050? Identify important factors Trends Uncertainties Strategies Futures Scenario 24

25 1. Scenarios selection Supply only for day-ahead market day-ahead + RR activation 25

26 Integrating Northern and continental balancing markets Large benefits Total annual balancing cost savings (Mill.EURO) Source: Farahmand (NTNU/SINTEF) Detailed European grid model based on DC power flow. Representation of day-ahead, intra-day and balancing markets. Co-optimizing day-ahead schedules and reserve procurements based on forecasts 2

27 Significant additional savings are achieved with intra-day markets Total annual balancing cost savings Activated reserves Source: Aigner (NTNU) 2

28 Comparing LCOE for Norwegian Pumped Hydro and Gas Power Plants OCGT-1 OCGT-2 CCGT Pumped Hydro Statkraft LCOE [ /MWh] Increasing p pump Load Factor [%]

29 even when grid and cable costs are included OCGT-1 OCGT-2 CCGT Pumped Hydro Statkraft LCOE [ /MWh] Load Factor [%]

30 Environmental impacts

31 Water level variations

32 Water level variations

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34 Social acceptance

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36 Tesla PowerWall - 10kWh units for homes Roof-top solar panel or similar PowerWall Balancing solar energy Energy security Off-grid solutions

37 The Great Wall Cover with Tesla PowerWall

38 1,23 TWh = 15 % of Blåsjø

39 Natural gas grid today Can we establish a similar electricity grid for exchange?

40 HydroBalance project , 24 Mill NOK Uncertain future many scenarios new technologies (?) Increased need for energy and water storage Rapid changes may come ( Fukoshima) Hydro reservoirs = always an excellent energy storage We need to value all services from reservoirs properly

41 41 Contact: