Centre for environmental design of renewable energy - CEDREN. Atle Harby, Director

Transcription

1 Centre for environmental design of renewable energy - CEDREN Atle Harby, Director

2 8 years ( ) 10 large research projects two more from Norwegian research partners 16 Industry partners and 2 management partners Budget: ~40 M Euro (5 M Euro in 2016) 21 PhD and 7 Post-doc positions International collaboration Renewable energy respecting nature

3 Hydropower technology Environmental impacts of hydropower Environmental impacts of wind power and power transmisson How to reconcile energy and environment policy?

4 Environmental design of regulated rivers Adapting downstream flow Constructing habitats Increasing both salmon and power production Increasing power production

5 Renewable energy and birds

6 Electrocusion Death of a white-tailed sea eagle in Norway

7 In danger!

8 Energy scenarios Transmission and distribution infrastructure Energy storage technologies Demand side management Improved forecasting of resource availability Maybe as much as 340 TWh of storage volume and 150 GW of balancing capacity needed in Europe by 2050

9 RES challenges - Germany High Photovoltaic production Summer Solar energy Conventional energy Significant reduction of peak load due to solar power production at noon Source: Burger, B. "Electricity production from solar and wind energy in 2012", Fraunhofer ISE, presentation, February, 2013 URL:

10 RES challenges High Wind power production Winter Nearly no residual load left to conventional power plants Wind energy But back-up capacity necessary Source: Burger, B. "Electricity production from solar and wind energy in 2012", Fraunhofer ISE, presentation, February, 2013 URL:

11 RES challenges No production from RES Winter Peak load and nearly whole demand during the week completely covered by conventional power plants Source: Burger, B. "Electricity production from solar and wind energy in 2012", Fraunhofer ISE, presentation, February, 2013 URL:

12 Wind + Solar energy in Germany week Capacity ~ MW Wind MW PV 24/ at MW in production MW unused

13 Hydro storage a renewable battery

14 German Minister of Economy, Philipp Roesler, visiting the Blue battery of Norway guided by Regional Statkraft Director and CEDREN Chairman of the Board, Jan Alne MW Norwegian hydro capacity to make Germany 100 per cent renewable by 2050

15 Installed Energy Storage capacity 2 installations worldwide Ca 200 installations worldwide Worldwide installed rated power of storage facilities for electrical energy. Such power level can be sustained for up to several hours or shorter

16 Goldistal, Germany

17 Indirect storage Blåsjø 7.8TWh reservoir (1000 times Goldistal) sid e 17 17

18 Simulated wind production in the North Sea area in MW installed capacity 90000, MW 80000, , , , , , , ,00 0,00 one year

19 MW Wind Power North-Sea Region - Jan March MW 7 x 24 h (Wind data 2001) MW 7 x 24 h One week balancing means 7 x 24 h Ca MW in 168h GWh energy storage Same as 1000 typical PSH 0 Can Hydropower in Norway supply this storage?

20 Faktisk produksjon i Vest-Europa (ES, FR, DE, DK, GB, IR) i 2012 Observed Wind energy production Maximum: MW In a system with MW Minimum: 1272 MW installed capacity (Stadium 2012) Typical: MW Capacity Factor: 0.20

21 Hydropower in Norway Resource base Water, high head Large natural reservoirs

22 Norwegian hydropower Currently: 32 GW 130 TWh/year Hundreds of large reservoirs 20 reservoirs with more than 100 Mm 3 20 GW of extra capacity possible ~15 TWh always availble storage

23 Aurland Tyin CEDREN Case study 2030 Sima Hol Nore Mauranger/Oksla/Tysso Tinnsjø Kvilldal Jøsenfjorden Holen Orknøyene Shetland Lysebotn Tonstad

24 The technical potential MW in southern Norway possible

25 Transmission capacity NO-Sweden North/Midle-Norway: MW South-Norway: MW SouthWest-link: MW (2019) NO-Denmark SK1-3: 950 MW SK4: 600 MW (2014) NO-Netherlands NorNed1 (NL): 700 MW NorNed2 (NL): 700 MW (2016) NO-Germany NorGer: MW (2018) NORD.LINK: MW (2018) NO-England MW (2020) Possible interconnection capacity in 2020: = MW

26 Comparing LCOE for Norwegian Pumped Hydro and Gas Power Plants OCGT-1 OCGT-2 CCGT Pumped Hydro Statkraft LCOE [ /MWh] Increasing p pump Load Factor [%]

27 even when grid and cable costs are included OCGT-1 OCGT-2 CCGT Pumped Hydro Statkraft LCOE [ /MWh] Load Factor [%]

28 Environmental impacts

29 Social acceptance

30

31 Tesla PowerWall - 10kWh units for homes Roof-top solar panel or similar PowerWall Balancing solar energy Energy security Off-grid solutions

32 The Great Wall Cover with Tesla PowerWall

33 1,23 TWh = 15 % of Blåsjø

34 Natural gas grid today Can we establish a similar electricity grid for exchange?

35 Uncertain future many scenarios new technologies (?) Increased need for energy and water storage Rapid changes may come ( Fukoshima) Hydro reservoirs = always an excellent energy storage We need to value all services from reservoirs properly

36 36 Contact: