Analysis of wind energy potential in north east Nigeria
|
|
- Margery Welch
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Journal of Energy and Natural Resources 014; (4): Published online August 10, 014 ( doi: /j.jenr ISSN: (Print); ISSN: (Online) Analysis of wind energy potential in north east Nigeria A. Ahmed 1, A. A. Bello, D. Habou 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kano Uniersity of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering, Abubaar Tafawa Balewa Uniersity, Bauchi, Nigeria address: abdula@yahoo.com (A. Ahmed), biieeyz@yahoo.com (A. A. Bello), hdandauta@gmail.com (D. Habou) To cite this article: A. Ahmed, A. A. Bello, D. Habou. Analysis of Wind Energy Potential in North East Nigeria. Journal of Energy and Natural Resources. Vol., No. 4, 014, pp doi: /j.jenr Abstract: This research reports wind energy potential ealuation of two locations in the north east Nigeria (Bauchi and Borno). The ealuation is based on Weibull and Rayleigh models using 17 years mean monthly wind speed data coering the period ( ). The result shows that Rayleigh is best fit model that describes the wind speed data at 10 m height. Reference mean power density (based on the measured probability distribution) was compared with those obtained from the Weibull and Rayleigh models. In calculating the percentage error, results shows that Weibull proided better power density estimation in all 1 months than the Rayleigh model. From this research wor, it was found that Borno has high wind power density 7.16 W/m for Weibull and W/m for Rayleigh in the month of June as compared Bauchi with highest power density of 1.45 W/m for Weibull and 7.06 W/m for Rayleigh in the month of May. Keywords: Wind Energy Potential, Nigeria, Generation, Weibull, Rayleigh, Probability Density Function 1. Introduction Wind energy is currently the most economic renewable energy apart from hydropower, its usage ersatility and ability to use it as a decentralized energy form mae its applications possible in rural areas where it is technically and economically feasible in the country. The major challenge to using wind as a source of electricity generation is that wind is intermittent and it does not always blow when electricity is needed. Howeer, wind power is one of the most the promising and cost effectie renewable. In the 1980 s, California purchased large quantities of wind power inest on operating experience needed to bring the cost of wind power down to a power installed in California, and another 1000W installed in other parts to generate electricity for oer 750,000 homes. The number of wind farms in US has increased substantially in the wind farms installed. The US Department of Energy projects that by the power, enough to generate electricity for 1.7 million homes, due to the power will fall. Currently, wind power costs between and 6 cents maing it one of the cheapest resources aailable [1]. Nigeria is subject to the seasonal rain bearing south westerlies, which blow strongly from April to October and to the dry and dusty North- East trade wind which blow strongly from Noember to March eery year. Most areas sometimes experience some periods of doldrums in between these periods. In Nigeria, wind energy reseres at 10 m height shows that some sites hae wind regime for between 1.0 to 5.1 ms -1. Energy supply in Nigeria is a major problem for both large and small scale purposes. Highly centralized production and distribution units hae not been equally distributed thus becomes inadequate in meeting the economic needs of both urban and rural populace in Nigeria. With respect to this problem, solar and wind energy are some of the alternatie sources of energy that can be exploited to meet some of the populace needs. It is therefore necessary to ealuate the wind regimes in the country and assess the potential of wind, installing wind energy conersion system for the generation of electricity. In this context, oer the years researchers hae carried out a number of studies in order to assess the wind energy potential in some parts of the world. Shata [1] wored on the potential of electricity generation on the coast of Red Sea in Egypt. Celi [5] studied the distributional parameters used in assessment of suitability of wind speed probability density function. Ozoptal, et al [8] studied the
2 47 A. Ahmed et al.: Analysis of Wind Energy Potential in North East Nigeria regional wind energy potential of Turey. In this presentation, 17 years ( ) monthly mean wind speed data are obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) Abuja for some selected locations in the North east Nigeria (Bauchi and Borno), were statistically analyzed to ealuate wind power density based on the Weibull and Rayleigh models.. Data Collection and Wind Speed Characteristics Table 1. Geographical data of the locations Locations State Latitude (N) Longitude (E) Altitude Bauchi Bauchi 10 o 18'57 9 c 50'9 615 Maiduguri Borno 11 o 50'47 1 c 9'7 99 Table. Summary of aerage wind speed V m (ms -1 ) and standard deiation σ (ms -1 ). Bauchi Borno Months V m(ms -1 ) σ V m(ms -1 ) σ Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct No Dec Table. Summary of aerage scale factor c (ms -1 ), shape factor and gamma function Bauchi Months c(m/s) Borno c(m/s) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct No Dec Table 4. Maximum and minimum alues of wind speed (ms -1 ) Locations Max. Vel. (m/s) Month Min. Vel. (m/s) Month Bauchi.16 May 1.47 Dec Borno 6.88 Jun 4.07 Oct In this study, statistical analyses of wind speed and power density aailable in selected states of north central Nigeria are inestigated. Seenteen years monthly mean speed ( ) from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) Abuja at the height of 10m was used. Table 1 shows the geographical locations of the two locations in the north east of Nigeria (Bauchi and Borno). From the aboe Table it can be seen that Bauchi is located at longitude 9 c 50'9 East and latitude 10 o 18'57 North with a land scale slope of 615 meters. Borno is located at longitude 1 c 9'7 East and latitude 11 o 50'47 North with a land scale slope of 99 meters. The summary of aerage wind speed V m (ms -1 ) and standard deiation σ (ms -1 ) for the monthly distributional parameters for all the sites are presented in Table below. The summary of aerage scale factor c (ms -1 ), shape factor and gamma function for the monthly distributional parameters of the locations considered are presented in Table below while Table 4 presents the maximum and minimum alues of wind speed (ms -1 ) for the two locations and months of their occurrences. The frequency probability distribution for Bauchi in the month of January is presented in Table 5; the same pattern of table was computed for the two locations. Table 5. Frequency probability distribution for January for Bauchi. Vj Vmj fj f(j) fw(j) fr(j) E E E E Monthly Aerage Wind Speed and Standard Deiation The monthly aerage wind speed and the standard deiation can be obtained using equation 1 and below. σ = V m = N -1 1 N N 1 = i 1 N Vi i= 1 ( Vi Vm) 1/.. Wind Speed Probability Distributions The wind speed data in time series format is usually arranged in the frequency distribution format since it is more conenient for statistical analysis. Therefore, the aailable time series data were translated into frequency distribution format. This process is illustrated for an (1) ()
3 Journal of Energy and Natural Resources 014; (4): example for the month of January for Bauchi as presented in Table 5. The wind speed is grouped into classes (bins) as gien in the first column of Table 5.The mean wind speeds are calculated for each speed class interals are in second column. The probability density distribution is presented in the third column. The probability density obtained from Weibull and Rayleigh parameters are presented in the fourth and fifth columns. The wind speed distributions and the functions representing them mathematically are the main tools used in the wind related literature. Their use include a wide range of applications, from the techniques used to identify the parameters of the distribution function to the use of such functions for analyzing the wind speed data and wind energy economics. Two of the commonly used functions for fitting a measured wind probability distribution in a gien location oer a certain period of time are the Weibull and Rayleigh. The probability density function of the Weibull distribution is gien by; [ ] f w () = (/c) (/c) -1 exp ( / c) () The corresponding cumulatie probability function of the Weibull distribution is, [ ] F w () = 1 exp ( / c) c = V m = c Γ (4) ( ) = 1 (5) σ The Rayleigh model is a special and simplified case of the Weibull model. It is obtained when the shape factor of the Weibull model is assumed to be =. The probability density and the cumulatie functions of the Rayleigh model are gien by, π f R (V) = π exp m 4 m π F R (V) = 1- exp 4 m One of the most distinct adantages of the Rayleigh distribution is that the probability density and the cumulatie distribution functions could be obtained from the mean alue of the wind speed. The Rayleigh model has (6) (7) (8) (9) also widely been used to fit the measured probability density distribution... Power Density Distribution & Mean Power Density The power of the wind per unit area is gien by; P (V) = 1 PV (10) Where is assume to be 1.5 g/m in this paper. The wind power density for the measured probability density distribution which seres as the reference mean power density as shown below; n P m.r = PV mj f ( j) j= 1 1 P m (V) = P w = P R = 1 (11) ρ.(v ) m (1) 1 ρ. c Γ1 + (1) ρv. m π (14) The yearly aerage error in calculating power densities using both Weibull and Rayleigh functions is obtained by using equation below; Error (%) = P W, R P P i= 1 m, R m, R. Analysis of Wind Speed Data (15) The surface wind characteristics and stochastic analysis of the wind speed data in the two locations of the north east part of Nigeria were carried out. It is seen from Table that the highest aerage wind speed occurred in June (6.88 ms -1 ) in Borno while the lowest aerage wind speed occurred in December (1.47 ms -1 ) in Bauchi. The aerage scale factor c (ms -1 ) ranges from 1.66 ms -1 in Bauchi to 7.4 ms -1 in Borno, while the shape factor ranges from.54 in Bauchi to 6.91 in Borno as presented in Table..1. Best Fit Probability Distribution Model The aerage monthly alues of the correlation coefficient for the two locations in north east Nigeria ranges between 0.10 and 0.59 for the Weibull and the Rayleigh model ranges from 0.87 to as indicated in Table 6. The month to month comparison shows that Rayleigh model returns higher coefficient alues in all the twele months for Bauchi and Borno. It can be seen from Table 7 that in Borno, Rayleigh model returns higher coefficient in all months while Bauchi also returns higher coefficient
4 49 A. Ahmed et al.: Analysis of Wind Energy Potential in North East Nigeria alues for Rayleigh except in the month of Noember and December. Table 6. Correlation coefficient alues for all the location. Bauchi Borno MONTHS W R W R JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC AVE Fig. Power density (W/m ) for Borno (P m.r, P w & P R) From Figure, it can be seen that Rayleigh returns a higher percentage error in almost all the month expect for the month of December where Weibull hae a lower percentage error than Rayleigh model. It can be seen that from Figure 4, Rayleigh returns a higher percentage error in all the twele months. Table 7. Summary of best fit probability distribution models. Months Bauchi Borno Jan Rayleigh Rayleigh Feb Rayleigh Rayleigh Mar Rayleigh Rayleigh Apr Rayleigh Rayleigh May Rayleigh Rayleigh Jun Rayleigh Rayleigh Jul Rayleigh Rayleigh Aug Rayleigh Rayleigh Sep Rayleigh Rayleigh Oct Rayleigh Rayleigh No Weibull Rayleigh Dec Weibull Rayleigh Fig. % Error for Weibull and Rayleigh Bauchi 4. Results and Discussion The mean power density shows a large month to month ariation as shown in Figure 1 and. From Figure 1 the maximum power density occurs in month of May for Rayleigh (7.06 W/m ) while for Weibull is (1.45 W/m ). From Figure the maximum power density occurs in the month of June for Rayleigh (65.77 W/m ) while for Weibull is (7.16 W/m ). Fig 1. Power density (W/m ) for Bauchi (P m.r, P w & P R) 5. Conclusion Fig 4. % Error for Weibull and Rayleigh Borno In this study, it was found that Rayleigh returns a higher power density than Weibull and the highest power density is (65.77 W/m ) for Rayleigh in Borno in the month of June, it was also found that Rayleigh returns the best fit probability distribution than Weibull in almost all the months in the two locations of north east part of Nigeria considered in this research wor. Finally, in calculating error in power density the Weibull model returns smaller error in calculating the power density compared to Rayleigh model in all locations. The power density is estimated by the Weibull model with a smallest error alue of 1.5% for Bauchi in the month of March. From this research wor, it was found that Borno in north east part of Nigeria has high wind power density for the generation wind energy with a maximum alue of power
5 Journal of Energy and Natural Resources 014; (4): density of W/m for Weibull. Borno can be classified under wind class II since the power density is greater than 100 W/m while Bauchi can be classified under wind class I since the power density is less than 100 W/m. References [1] Ahmed A., Adisa AA, Habou D. An ealuation of wind energy potential in the northern and southern regions of Nigeria on the basis of Weibull and Rayleigh models. America Journal of Energy Engineering 01; 1: 7 4. [] Ahmed Shata AS, Hanistsch R. The potential of electricity generation on the east coast of Red Sea in Egypt. Renewable Energy 006; 1: [] Ahmed SA. Inestigation of wind characteristics and wind energy potential at RAS Ghareb, Egypt. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reiews 011; 15: [4] Apinar EK, Apinar S. Determination of the wind energy potential for Maden-Elazig, Turey. Energy Conersion and Management 004; 45: [5] Brano VL, Orioli A, Ciulla G, Culotta S. Quality of wind speed fitting distributions for the urban area of Palermo, Italy. Renewable Energy 011; 6: [6] Celi AN. On the distributional parameters used in assessment of the suitability of wind speed probability density functions. Energy Conersion and Management 004; 45: [7] Celi AN. A statistical analysis of wind power density based on the Weibull and Rayleigh Models at the southern region of Turey. Renewable Energy 004; 9: [8] Celi AN. Assessing the suitability of wind speed probability distribution functions based on the wind power density. Renewable Energy 00; 8: [9] Oztopal A, Sahin AD, Agun N, Sen Z. On the regional wind energy potential of Turey. Energy 000; 5: [10] Sambo AS. The renewable energy for rural deelopment. The Nigerian perspectie ISESCO Science and Technology ision May, 005; 1: [11] Salem AL. Characteristics of surface wind speed and direction oer Egypt Solar Energy for sustainable deelopment 004; 4: [1] Seguro JV, Lambert TW. Modern estimation of the parameters of the Weibull wind speed distribution for wind speed distribution for wind energy analysis. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 000; 85: [1] Weisser D. Wind energy analysis of Grenada: an estimation using the Weibull density function. Renewable Energy 00; 8: [14] World Wind Energy Association (WWEA). World wind energy report 011 website: Accessed August, 01.
An assessment of wind energy resource in north central Nigeria, Plateau
Science Journal of Energy Engineering 2013; 1(3): 13-17 Published online November 10, 2013 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/sjee) doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20130103.11 An assessment of wind energy resource
More informationAddress for Correspondence
Research Paper STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL BASED ON WEIBULL AND RAYLEIGH MODEL IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA 1 Gideon Ayuba Duvuna, S. A. Akanji and 3 Benjamin Ternenge Abur Address for Correspondence
More informationAssessment Of Wind Energy Potential For Electricity Generation In Sokoto,Nigeria
Assessment Of Wind Energy Potential For Electricity Generation In Sokoto,Nigeria By Buhari A. Maiyama, G. M. Argungu and M. Momoh Dept. of Sciences,College of Science and Technology,Waziri Umaru Federal
More informationAnalysis of Wind Power Potential and Electric Energy in the Algerian Sahara Regions
International Journal o Applied Engineering Research ISSN 97-456 Volume 1, Number 7 (17) pp. 1-14 Analysis o Wind Power Potential and Electric Energy in the Algerian Sahara Regions M. DAHBI 1,, A. BENATIALLAH,
More informationAnalysis of Wind Speed Data in East of Libya
Analysis of Wind Speed Data in East of Libya Abdelkarim A. S, D. Danardono, D. A. Himawanto, Hasan M. S. Atia Mechanical Engineering Department, SebelasMaret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36ASurakarta Indonesia
More informationWind Profile Characteristics and Econometrics Analysis of Wind Power Generation of a Site in Sokoto State, Nigeria
ENERGY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol. 1, No. 2, 2011 PP. 54-66 ISSN 1923-8460 [PRINT] ISSN 1923-8479 [ONLINE] www.cscanada.net www.cscanada.org Ajayi, O.O. 1,* ; Fagbenle, R.O 2 ; Katende, J 3 1 Mechanical
More informationProspects of Wind Energy for Power Generation in University of Benin
Int. J. of Thermal & Environmental Engineering Volume 13, No. 1 (2016) 23-28 Prospects of Wind Energy for Power Generation in University of Benin H.O. Egware a, *, U.P. Onochie b, O.O. Ighodaro a a Department
More informationImpact of Wind Energy System Integration on the Al-Zawiya Refinery Electric Grid in Libya
Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 26, 4, -2 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jpee ISSN Online: 2327-59 ISSN Print: 2327-588X Impact of Wind Energy System Integration on the Al-Zawiya Refinery Electric
More informationAssessment of wind energy potential at Kuwaiti Islands by statistical analysis of wind speed data
Assessment of wind energy potential at Kuwaiti s by statistical analysis of wind speed data Khaled Al-Salem 1*, Waleed Al-Nassar 1 1 Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Abstract. Kuwait possesses
More informationEstimation of irrigation water requirement of maize (Zea-mays) using pan evaporation method in maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria
March, 2011 Agric Eng Int: CIGR Journal Open access at http://www.cigrjournal.org Vol. 13, No.1 1 Estimation of irrigation water requirement of maize (Zea-mays) using pan evaporation method in maiduguri,
More informationEVALUATION OF THE SOLAR INCOME FOR BRAŞOV URBAN AREA
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Vol. (5) - Series I: Engineering Sciences EVALUATION OF THE SOLAR INCOME FOR BRAŞOV URBAN AREA C. ŞERBAN E. EFTIMIE Abstract: Energy is an essential factor
More informationPotential Impact of Biomass Burning on Urban Air Quality: Case-study of Chiang Mai
Potential Impact of Biomass Burning on Urban Air Quality: Case-study of Chiang Mai Sébastien Bonnet, Narongchai Suwanprik and Savitri Garivait The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment Chiang
More informationSOLAR RADIATION ESTIMATION UNDER CLEAR SKY CONDITIONS FOR BRAŞOV AREA (ROMANIA) LINKE TURBIDITY FACTOR
SOLAR RADIATION ESTIMATION UNDER CLEAR SKY CONDITIONS FOR BRAŞOV AREA (ROMANIA) LINKE TURBIDITY FACTOR Elena EFTIMIE Transilvania University of Braşov, Romania Abstract. The determination of solar radiation
More informationDECISION MAKING METHOD RELATING TO OUTSOURCING OF FINISHED GOODS STORAGE ACTIVITIES
ALS Adanced Logistic Systems DECISION MAING METHOD RELATING TO OUTSOURCING OF FINISHED GOODS STORAGE ACTIVITIES Péter Tamás, György oács, Béla Illés Uniersity of Misolc, Department of Materials Handling
More informationDetermination of water requirement and irrigation timing for Amaranthus hybridus in Maiduguri metropolis, north-eastern Nigeria
Sustainable Irrigation and Drainage IV 279 Determination of water requirement and irrigation timing for Amaranthus hybridus in Maiduguri metropolis, north-eastern Nigeria A. Y. Arku 1, S. M. Musa 2 & A.
More informationA technique for accurate energy yields prediction of photovoltaic system
International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy A technique for accurate energy yields prediction of photovoltaic system Chiou-Jye Huang a*, Chao-Yang Huang a,b, Po-Chun Huang a, Shun-Hung Tsai c
More informationWoking. q business confidence report
Woking q1 business confidence report Woking q1 report headlines saw a new record in company registrations in Woking when compared to any previous. was a record quarter for company registrations in Woking
More informationGSJ: Volume 6, Issue 4, APRIL GSJ: Volume 6, Issue 4, April 2018, Online: ISSN
GSJ: Volume 6, Issue 4, APRIL 2018 262 GSJ: Volume 6, Issue 4, April 2018, Online: ISSN 2320-9186 ESTIMATING DEPENDABLE RAINFALL FOR IMPROVED CROP PRODUCTION IN IDOFIAN, NIGERIA Makanjuola, M. B. National
More informationPROBABILISTIC SIZING OF WIND AND HYDROGEN POWER SYSTEMS FOR REMOTE AREAS
PROBABILISTIC SIZING OF WIND AND HYDROGEN POWER SYSTEMS FOR REMOTE AREAS Lars Nesje Grimsmo NTNU Trondheim, Norway lars@nesjegrimsmo.com Magnus Korpaas NTNU Trondheim, Norway magnusk@ntnu.no Terje Gjengedal
More informationTHE OPTIMIZING MODEL OF POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN NORTH SYRIA
Ninth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC9 2005, Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt 41 THE OPTIMIZING MODEL OF POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN NORTH SYRIA A.N. Al-Darir * and M. AlDoubiat ** * Professor,
More informationEstimation of Irrigation Water Requirement of Maize (Zea-mays) using Pan Evaporation Method in Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria
Estimation of Irrigation Water Requirement of Maize (Zea-mays) using Pan Evaporation Method in Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria *I. J. Tekwa 1 and E. K. Bwade 2 *johntekwa@gmail.com 07035134544; 07032340369.
More informationEconometric Analysis of Wind Power Generation in Five Selected Cities of South Western Nigeria. Nze-Esiaga Nnawuike, Okogbue Emmanuel C
Econometric Analysis of Wind Power Generation in Five Selected Cities of South Western Nigeria Nze-Esiaga Nnawuike, Okogbue Emmanuel C 1640 Abstract This study analysed the econometrics of wind electricity
More informationAn Assessment of Wind Power Generation Potential for Margate Town in South Africa
International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2015; 4(2): 32-37 Published online February 25, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijepe) doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.20150402.13 ISSN: 2326-957X
More informationThe wind energy system performance overview: capacity factor vs. technical efficiency
INTRNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATHMATICAL MODLS AND MTHODS IN ALID SCINCS The wind energy system permance oeriew: capacity factor s. technical efficiency Ciprian Nemes, Florin Munteanu Abstract The main objectie
More informationCalifornia Independent System Operator Corporation. California ISO. Import resource adequacy. Department of Market Monitoring
k California Independent System Operator Corporation California ISO Import resource adequacy September 10, 2018 Department of Market Monitoring Summary This report provides an update of analysis and trends
More informationProspects of Renewable Energy in Gaza Strip
Prospects of Renewable Energy in Gaza Strip Dr. Mohamed Ouda. Energy Research and Development Center. The Islamic University of Gaza Abstract: The paper aims at the presentation of the prospects of renewable
More informationLecture 5: Transpiration
5-1 GEOG415 Lecture 5: Transpiration Transpiration loss of water from stomatal opening substomatal cavity chloroplasts cuticle epidermis mesophyll cells CO 2 H 2 O guard cell Evaporation + Transpiration
More informationAn Assessment of Wind Availability for Turbine Power Generation in Kano, Nigeria
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) e-issn: 2278-4861.Volume 6, Issue 5 Ver. II (Sep.-Oct. 2014), PP 30-36 An Assessment of Wind Availability for Turbine Power Generation in Kano, Nigeria Joseph
More informationInternational Journal of Applied Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 3; March 2012
nternational Journal of Applied Science and Technology ol. No. 3; March Performance Assessment of Polycrystalline Silicon Pv Modules in Low Latitude Regions as A Function of Temperature Abstract P.E. Ugwuoke,
More informationCOST ANALYSIS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR POWER SUPPLY FOR REMOTE AREA IN YEMEN : A CASE STUDY FOR SOCOTRA ISLAND
COST ANALYSIS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR POWER SUPPLY FOR REMOTE AREA IN YEMEN : A CASE STUDY FOR SOCOTRA ISLAND Saqqaf A. Alkaf, Mohammed A. Muqbel and Salem M. Bin Qadhi + Mechanical Engineering Department,
More informationWindPRO version Dec 2005 Printed/Page 07/15/2009 3:08 PM / 1. Meteo data report, height: 66.0 Feet
Y:\\I\shared\Anemometer_Loan_Programs\Completed_ites\APA\\.csv Y:\\I\shared\Anemometer_Loan_Programs\Completed_ites\APA\\.csv Y:\\I\shared\Anemometer_Loan_Programs\Completed_ites\APA\\.csv Y:\\I\shared\Anemometer_Loan_Programs\Completed_ites\APA\\.csv
More informationUrban Greening and the UHI: Seasonal Trade-offs in Heating and Cooling Energy Consumption in Manchester, UK
Urban Greening and the UHI: Seasonal Trade-offs in Heating and Cooling Energy Consumption in Manchester, UK T H E R E S E A R C H E R S C y n t h i a S k e l h o r n PhD Physical Geography Post-Doctoral
More informationUrban Wind Turbines: A Feasibility Study
Urban Wind Turbines: A Feasibility Study Ben Dymock And Stephen Dance Urbines Urbines: The Issues Urban Wind Turbines Urbines Rooftop installation for energy generation Uncertainty of wind flow and knock
More informationIJSER 1 INTRODUCTION 2 STUDY AREA 3 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REGION
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 10, October-2015 1326 A Preliminary Assessment of Wind Energy in Dujaili Site at Wasit Province Iraq (Case Study) Dr. Firas A.
More informationWEIBULL AND CAUCHY DISTRIBUTION ANALYSES OF WIND PARAMETERS IN THE EASTERN PART OF ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
Journal of Industrial Technology, 2018, 3 (1): 23-32 Journal Homepage: www.erjournals.com ISSN Online: 0184-7937 WEIBULL AND CAUCHY DISTRIBUTION ANALYSES OF WIND PARAMETERS IN THE EASTERN PART OF ANAMBRA
More informationClean Energy Extension
Clean Energy Extension ag.umass.edu/energy The Clean Energy Extension is an Affiliate of the UMass Amherst Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment 209 Agricultural Engineering Building University
More informationElectric Forward Market Report
Mar-01 Mar-02 Jun-02 Sep-02 Dec-02 Mar-03 Jun-03 Sep-03 Dec-03 Mar-04 Jun-04 Sep-04 Dec-04 Mar-05 May-05 Aug-05 Nov-05 Feb-06 Jun-06 Sep-06 Dec-06 Mar-07 Jun-07 Sep-07 Dec-07 Apr-08 Jun-08 Sep-08 Dec-08
More informationModeling and Simulation of Wind-Solar Hybrid Energy System for Power Supply in Semi-Arid Region of Northern Nigeria Abstract Keywords:
University of Maiduguri Faculty of Engineering Seminar Series Volume 8, march 217 Modeling and Simulation of Wind-Solar Hybrid Energy System for Power Supply in A. B. Muhammad, S. Sulaimon and G. M. Ngala
More informationSOLAR ENERGY ASSESSMENT REPORT. For 80.5 kwp. Meteorological Data Source NASA-SSE. Date 18 October, Name of Place Uttar Pradesh.
SOLAR ENERGY ASSESSMENT REPORT For 80.5 kwp Name of Place Uttar Pradesh Client abc Capacity 80 kw Meteorological Data Source NASA-SSE Email ezysolare@gmail.com Order No. #1410180006 Date 18 October, 2014
More informationMODELING AND SIMULATION OF WIND-SOLAR HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM FOR POWER SUPPLY TO FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TEACHING WORKSHOP IN UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF WIND-SOLAR HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM FOR POWER SUPPLY TO FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TEACHING WORKSHOP IN UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI A.B. Muhammad 1*, G. M. Ngala 2, S. Shodiya 3, M. Shuwa
More informationPerformace of Wind Turbine Based on Wind Speed Data and Turbine Tower Height in Kangar, Northern Malaysia
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(7): 1148-1154, 2011 ISSN 1991-8178 Performace of Wind Turbine Based on Wind Speed Data and Turbine Tower Height in Kangar, Northern Malaysia I. Daut,
More informationTL 9000 Quality Management System. Measurements Handbook. BRR Examples
Quality Excellence for Suppliers of Telecommunications Forum (QuEST Forum) TL 9000 Quality Management System Measurements Handbook Copyright 2012 QuEST Forum Version 1.0 7.2 7.2.1 Basic Calculation Example
More informationAgence Nationale de la Météorologie du Sénégal
Using INSTAT software with daily rainfall data to estimate best sowing dates for farmers in Saint Louis of Senegal By Elarion Sambou Agence Nationale de la Météorologie du Sénégal (A.N.A.M.S.) BP 8257,
More informationAn Analysis of Wind Speed Distribution and comparison of five numerical methods for Estimating Weibull Parameters at Ormara, Pakistan
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. II, Issue 11/ February 2015 ISSN 2286-4822 www.euacademic.org Impact Factor: 3.1 (UIF) DRJI Value: 5.9 (B+) An Analysis of Wind Speed Distribution and comparison of five
More informationWind Workshop. Technical Characterization: Dependable Capacity & Firm Energy 10:00-10:30am
Wind Workshop Technical Characterization: Dependable Capacity & Firm Energy 10:00-10:30am Objective of this session: Understand BC Hydro s definitions and calculation methodology of dependable capacity
More informationComparison of Different Methods in Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters for Wind Power Application
Comparison of Different Methods in Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters for Wind Power Application Yusuf Alper KAPLAN 1,* Canan ALADAĞ 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Energy Engineering, Osmaniye
More informationThe Future of Electricity: A Market with Costs of Zero? Marginal
The Future of Electricity: A Market with Costs of Zero? Marginal Richard Green, IAEE European Conference, 217 1 Supply /MWh Marginal Cost Nuclear CCGT OCGT GW 2 Demand and Supply Prices reflect Marginal
More informationTHE APPLICATION OF PARABOLIC TROUGH TECHNOLOGY UNDER JORDANIAN CLIMATE. Markus Eck
THE APPLICATION OF PARABOLIC TROUGH TECHNOLOGY UNDER JORDANIAN CLIMATE Omar Badran Al-Balqa Balqa' ' Applied University Faculty of Engineering Technology, Mechanical Engineering Department, Amman-Jordan
More informationThe Future of Electricity: A Market with Costs of Zero? Marginal
The Future of Electricity: A Market with Costs of Zero? Marginal Imperial College Business School Richard Green, IAEE European Conference, 217 1 Running your mouse over the bubble in the top left corner
More informationAssessing the Flexible Capacity Requirements for 2018 through 2020
Assessing the Flexible Capacity Requirements for 2018 through 2020 Clyde Loutan Senior Advisor, Renewable Energy Integration Stakeholder Conference Call January 31, 2017 What s the purpose of this call?
More informationANALYSIS OF WIND POWER FLOW ON DIFFERENT HEIGHTS IN VENTSPILS REGION BASED ON MEASUREMENTS BY PENTALUM SPIDAR.
ANALYSIS OF WIND POWER FLOW ON DIFFERENT HEIGHTS IN VENTSPILS REGION BASED ON MEASUREMENTS BY PENTALUM SPIDAR Aleksejs Zacepins 1, Valerijs Bezrukovs 2, Vitalijs Komasilovs 1, Vladislavs Bezrukovs 2 1
More informationComponent-Based Data-Driven Predictive Maintenance to Reduce Unscheduled Maintenance Events
elft Uniersity of Technology Component-Based ata-rien Predictie Maintenance to Reduce Unscheduled Maintenance Eents Verhagen, Wim; Curran, Richard; de Boer, L.W.M. OI 10.3233/978-1-61499-779-5-3 Publication
More informationESCI-61 Introduction to Photovoltaic Technology
April 7, 2010 1 ESCI-61 Introduction to Photovoltaic Technology Lecture #1 Ridha Hamidi, Ph.D. April 7, 2010 2 Today s Agenda 3:30-4:00 - Green sheet review and introductions 4:00-4:45 - Group Research
More informationProspects of Wind Energy in the Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Prospects of Wind Energy in the Coastal Region of Bangladesh Rifat Abdullah 1, Mahzuba Islam 1 Lecturer at Daffodil International Uniersity, Dhaka, Bangladesh Lecturer at Daffodil International Uniersity,
More information2016 ISO Flexible Capacity Needs Assessment: Study Methodology, Assumptions, and Preliminary Results
2016 ISO Flexible Capacity Needs Assessment: Study Methodology, Assumptions, and Preliminary Results Presented at the CPUC RA Workshop April 15, 2015 Clyde Loutan Senior Advisor Renewable Energy Integration
More informationCO2, SO2 and NOX Emission Rates. March 15, 2018
March 15, 2018 This page is intentionally left blank. PJM 2018 www.pjm.com 1 P age Introduction To support the efforts of regulators, stakeholders, and other interested parties as they work towards achieving
More informationImplementation of photovoltaic technologies, a great solution to energetic situation in Albania
www.ijcsi.org 328 Implementation of photovoltaic technologies, a great solution to energetic situation in Albania Anuela Prifti Immovable Property Registration Central Office Cartographic & First Registration
More informationUTILIZATION OF WIND ENERGY
1 UTILIZATION OF WIND ENERGY The Case Study on Analyzing Hourly Wind Data at the City of Makassar and its Surroundings Syukri Himran Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar, 90245, Indonesia Email:
More informationTechno-economic feasibility study of solar and wind based Irrigation Systems in Northern Colombia
Techno-economic feasibility study of solar and wind based Irrigation Systems in Northern Colombia by Javier Cuellar September 2014 1 Table of Content Introduction Background The case study area Methods
More informationTokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Quay crane allocation problem with the internal truc capacity constraint in container terminals A. Karam* 1a, A. B. Eltawil ǂ1b, T. Mizutani 2c, K. Naata 2d, N. A. Harraz 3f 1 1 Department of Industrial
More informationUniversity of Michigan Eco-Driving Index (EDI) Latest data: August 2017
University of Michigan Eco-Driving Index () http://www.ecodrivingindex.org Latest data: August 2017 Developed and issued monthly by Michael Sivak and Brandon Schoettle Sustainable Worldwide Transportation
More informationUTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY FOR ENHANCEMENT EFFICIENCY OF STEAM POWER PLANT
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 7, Issue 5, September October 2016, pp.336 343, Article ID: IJMET_07_05_033 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?jtype=ijmet&vtype=7&itype=5
More informationA Bulk Energy Storage Resource Case Study with 40% RPS in 2024
A Bulk Energy Storage Resource Case Study with 40% RPS in 2024 Shucheng Liu Principal, Market Development 2015-2016 Transmission Planning Process Stakeholder Meeting February 18, 2016 California ISO Public
More informationFLEXIBILITY HOW TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE STABILITY OF THE GRID THANKS TO THE FLEXIBILITY OF YOUR PRODUCTION PROCESSES?
FLEXIBILITY HOW TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE STABILITY OF THE GRID THANKS TO THE FLEXIBILITY OF YOUR PRODUCTION PROCESSES? 1 The energy transition: decentralized power generation Past situation Current situation
More informationAdministration Division Public Works Department Anchorage: Performance. Value. Results.
Administration Division Anchorage: Performance. Value. Results. Mission Provide administrative, budgetary, fiscal, and personnel support to ensure departmental compliance with Municipal policies and procedures,
More informationSolar, Wind and Market Power in the New Zealand Electricity Market (and hydro lake dynamics) Mina Bahrami Gholami and Stephen Poletti
Solar, Wind and Market Power in the New Zealand Electricity Market (and hydro lake dynamics) Mina Bahrami Gholami and Stephen Poletti University of Auckland Economic Paradox Energy Only Markets. Low-carbon
More informationResults of California s Renewable Energy Program and Agricultural Biomass to Energy Program (SB704)
2 nd Annual California Biomass Collaborative Forum Results of California s Renewable Energy Program and Agricultural Biomass to Energy Program (SB704) Tony Gonçalves Program Lead Existing Renewable Facilities
More informationUSING THE CALCULATED FROUDE NUMBER FOR QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF CASTING FILLING METHODS
Title of Publication Edited by TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society), Year 007 USING THE CALCULATED FROUDE NUMBER FOR QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF CASTING FILLING METHODS C. Reilly 1, N.R. Green, J.C.
More informationCorn and Soybean Market Update, August 9, 2017
Corn and Soybean Market Update, August 9, 2017 Aaron Smith Assistant Professor Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Extension https://ag.tennessee.edu/arec/pages/cropeconomics.aspx
More informationPOTENTIAL OF APPLICATION OF PV SYSTEM FOR BWRO DESALINATION IN GAZA
Tenth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC10 2006, Alexandria, Egypt 205 POTENTIAL OF APPLICATION OF PV SYSTEM FOR BWRO DESALINATION IN GAZA Mohammed Rabia Ahmed Director of Water Control Department,
More informationWIND ENERGY RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: A CASE STUDY
WIND ENERGY RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: A CASE STUDY Norman Maphosa. National university of Science and Technology, Department of Technical Teacher Education, NUST, Box AC 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Tel:
More informationENERGY SELF SUFFICIENCY WITH RENEWABLE SOURCES BIOMASS AND WIND IN THE REHABILITATION PROJECTOF AN OLD RURAL BUILDING COMPLEX IN SICILY (ITALY)
ENERGY SELF SUFFICIENCY WITH RENEWABLE SOURCES BIOMASS AND WIND IN THE REHABILITATION PROJECTOF AN OLD RURAL BUILDING COMPLEX IN SICILY (ITALY) Paola Caputo paola.caputo@polimi.it Politecnico di Milano,
More informationClimate Change Impacts for the Central Coast and Hunter Regions
Climate Change Impacts for the Central Coast and Hunter Regions http://www.ozcoasts.gov.au/climate/ima ges/f1_risks.jpg Peter Smith 1 Climate change will have increasing impacts on a wide range of natural
More informationIssarachai Ngamroo. King Mongkut s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL) Bangkok, Thailand
Issarachai Ngamroo King Mongkut s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL) Bangkok, Thailand knissara@kmitl.ac.th Vancouver 2010 Microgrid Symposium on Microgrid Vancouver, BC, Canada July 21-22, 2010
More informationEVALUATION OF HYDROLOGIC AND WATER RESOURCES RESPONSE TO METEOROLOGICAL DROUGHT IN THESSALY, GREECE
EVALUATION OF HYDROLOGIC AND WATER RESOURCES RESPONSE TO METEOROLOGICAL DROUGHT IN THESSALY, GREECE A. LOUKAS*, AND L. VASILIADES Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Systems Analysis,, Volos, Greece *E-mail:
More informationTraffic Department Anchorage: Performance. Value. Results.
Traffic Department Anchorage: Performance. Value. Results. Mission Promote safe and efficient area-wide transportation that meets the needs of the community and the Anchorage Municipal Traffic Code requirements.
More informationWIND ENERGY POTENTIAL AT KANO AIRPORT VIA WEIBULL PARAMETERS
VOL., NO., NOVEMBER 7 ISSN 8-8 -7 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved. WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL AT KANO AIRPORT VIA WEIBULL PARAMETERS Mustapha M and M. W. Mustafa Faculty of Electrical
More informationPORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR ELECTRICITY PURCHASE IN LIBERALIZED ENERGY MARKETS
PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR ELECTRICITY PURCHASE IN LIBERALIZED ENERGY MARKETS Edwin Castro CNEE Guatemala Viena, september 2009 What is the reason to develop this model? In our own electricity market
More informationHidden Costs of Wind and Solar Power
Hidden Costs of Wind and Solar Power Peter R. Hartley George & Cynthia Mitchell Chair, Economics Department Rice Scholar in Energy Economics, Center for Energy Studies, James A. Baker III Institute for
More informationStrategies for energy efficiency improvement in residential and office buildings: their role at building and country scale
The Future Role of Energy Storage in South Eastern Europe Enlargement and Integration Action Workshop Strategies for energy efficiency improvement in residential and office buildings: their role at building
More informationGlobal and Regional Food Consumer Price Inflation Monitoring
Global and Regional Food Consumer Price Inflation Monitoring October 2013 Issue 2 Global Overview Consumers at global level saw food price inflation up by 6.3 percent in the twelve months to February 2013
More informationUnderstanding Solar Energy Teacher Page
Understanding Solar Energy Teacher Page Good Day Sunshine! Student Objective The student: will explain the relationship between the available sunlight and the power produced by a photovoltaic device will
More informationThe monthly variation of the Business Turnover 1 stands at 1.6%, after seasonal and calendar adjustment
24 October 2018 Business Turnover Index (BTI). Base 2015 August 2018. Provisional data The monthly variation of the Business Turnover 1 stands at 1.6%, after seasonal and calendar adjustment The annual
More informationInvestigating the Start of the Rainy Season and the Best Sowing Dates for St. George, Antigua
Investigating the Start of the Rainy Season and the Best Sowing Dates for St. George, Antigua By Dale Destin Climatologist Antigua and Barbuda Meteorological Service Climate Section Email: dale_destin@yahoo.com
More informationModeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine under the Condition Prevailing in and around Jodhpur District
Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine under the Condition Prevailing in and around Jodhpur District Harish Kumar Khyani Associate Professor Piyush Rai Pankaj Vaishnav Praful Bohra ABSTRACT Wind energy
More informationOptimizing and Economical Assessment of the Utilization of Photovoltaic Systems in Residential Buildings: The Case of Sari Station, Northern of Iran
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 6(8): 133-138, 2012 ISSN 1991-8178 Optimizing and Economical Assessment of the Utilization of Photovoltaic Systems in Residential Buildings: The Case of
More informationCity of San Clemente Water Usage Report
Monthly Usage (AF) ACRE FEET City of San Clemente Overview of Usage FY 217-18 Monthly Water Use Type of Supply Total MWDOC 723 722 657 629 - - - - - - - - 2,731 Local Groundwater 33 23 69 84 - - - - -
More informationPERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PS-600 kw WIND TURBINE
Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference Power and Energy Systems (AsiaPES 2013) April 10-12, 2013 Phuket, Thailand PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PS-600 kw WIND TURBINE Jyoti D. Nimbal SGI, Electrical
More informationMonitoring Cruise Report
r/v Gunnar Thorson Monitoring Cruise Report Cruise No.: GT 248 Time: 19-23 January 2009 Area: The Sound, the Arkona Sea, the Belt Sea and the Kattegat National Environmental Research Institute Aarhus University
More informationA New Type of Hybrid Groundwater Energy System
This case-history is about: A New Type of Hybrid Groundwater Energy System by Todd Giddings, Ph.D., P.G. My 10,000 square foot office building Located in State College, PA (5,600 hdd s) Constructed in
More informationUtilization of f-chart Method for Designing Solar Thermal Heating System
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-issn: 2278-1684, p-issn : 232 334X PP 23-28 www.iosrjournals.org Utilization of f-chart Method for Designing Solar Thermal Heating System
More informationChapter 6 Planning and Controlling Production: Work-in-Process and Finished-Good Inventories. Omar Maguiña Rivero
Chapter 6 Planning and Controlling Production: Work-in-Process and Finished-Good Inventories Learning Objectives At the end of the class the student will be able to: 1. Describe the production budget process
More informationFlexible Resource Adequacy Criteria and Must-Offer Obligation
Flexible Resource Adequacy Criteria and Must-Offer Obligation February 13, 2014 Karl Meeusen, Ph.D. Market Design and Regulatory Policy Lead Stakeholder Meeting Agenda 2/13/14 Time Topic Presenter 12:30
More informationDetermination of recoverable wind energy for electricity generation using wind energy conversion system in Tunisia
MultiCraft International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology Vol. 3, No. 5, 11, pp. 83-92 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY www.ijest-ng.com 11 MultiCraft Limited.
More informationA comparative simulation of the performance of five wind turbine in the site of Borj-Cedria, Tunisia
Revue des Energies Renouvelables SMEE 10 Bou Ismail Tipaza (2010) 143 149 A comparative simulation of the performance of five wind turbine in the site of Borj-Cedria, Tunisia A.W. Dahmouni 1*, M. Ben Salah
More informationTHE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN AIR TEMPERATURE UPON THE THERMAL REGIME OF THE RIVER VISTULA IN TORUŃ (POLAND) OVER THE YEARS
2 nd International Conference - Water resources and wetlands. 11-13 September, 2014 Tulcea (Romania); Available online at http://www.limnology.ro/water2014/proceedings.html Editors: Petre Gâştescu ; Włodzimierz
More informationANNUAL ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS IN BRAŞOV, ROMANIA
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series I: Engineering Sciences Vol. 5 (54) No. 2-212 ANNUAL ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS IN BRAŞOV, ROMANIA C. ŞERBAN 1 E. EFTIMIE 1 Abstract:
More informationA Study of Local Identity and Local Environment Factors Influenced Architectural Design
International Journal of Renewable Energy, Vol. 7, No. 1, January - June 2012 A Study of Local Identity and Local Environment Factors Influenced Architectural Design Usanee Mingvimol Faculty of Architecture,
More informationUnderstanding Your Own Renewable Energy Opportunity
Understanding Your Own Renewable Energy Opportunity Community Energy Learning Series (CELs) March 1 st, 2017 Kieran O Neill MSc. CEA Smart Energy Business Strategist Sault Ste. Marie Innovation Centre
More informationEnvironmental Protection Licence 2688
Perilya Environmental Protection Licence 2688 Licensee Perilya Broken Hill Limited (PBHL) Address Wentworth Rd, Broken Hill, NSW, 2880. Environmental Protection Licence 2688 (Southern Operations) Link
More information