WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM PROGRAM

Transcription

1 WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM PROGRAM Occupational Health and Safety June 2009

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 PURPOSE SCOPE REFERENCES GLOSSARY OF TERMS RESPONSIBILITIES TRAINING WHMIS CLASSIFICATION AND HAZARD SYMBOLS MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS SAMPLE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS). 15 SECTION 1: PRODUCT INFORMATION. 15 SECTION 2: HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 16 SECTION 3: PHYSICAL DATA. 16 SECTION 4: FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA.. 17 SECTION 5: REACTIVITY DATA 18 SECTION 6: TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES. 19 SECTION 7: PREVENTATIVE MEASURES. 20 SECTION 8: FIRST AID MEASURES 21 SECTION 9: PREPARATION INFORMATION LABELS SUPPLIER LABEL WORKPLACE LABELS LABORATORY LABELS EMERGENCY PROCEDURES CHEMICAL SPILLS 24 MINOR SPILLS 25 MAJOR SPILLS 25 EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL.. 25 APPENDIX 1: WHMIS CLASSES AND HAZARD SYMBOLS 27 APPENDIX 2: MOHAWK COLLEGE WORKPLACE LABEL 29 June 2009 Page 2 of 29

3 WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM PROGRAM 1.0 PURPOSE The purpose of this program is to ensure employees are informed about hazardous materials used in the workplace so they can use that information to protect themselves from accidents, injuries and illnesses. This hazard communication is accomplished through the three main components of WHMIS: Labels: Containers of controlled products are required to be labeled Material Safety Data Sheets: Technical sheets that provide detailed hazard and precautionary information about the hazardous material. Education: To ensure employees understand the contents and significance of labels and material safety data sheets and apply that knowledge to work safely with hazardous materials. 2.0 SCOPE This program applies to all Mohawk College employees and contractors who are exposed to or likely to be exposed to hazardous materials used in the workplace. 3.0 REFERENCES Occupational Health and Safety Act Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System, O.Reg 860 WHMIS, A Guide to the Legislation, Ontario Ministry of Labour, 1989 Mohawk College Safety Policy CR871 WHMIS Core Material, A Resource Manual for the Application and Implementation of WHMIS, Workers Compensation Board of British Columbia, GLOSSARY OF TERMS ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. An independent organization that recommends occupational exposure guidelines based on epidemiological studies and current scientific information. Acute: Refers to an effect that occurs from exposure over a short period of time. Boiling Point: The temperature at which a liquid changes to the gaseous state. Carcinogen: A cancer causing agent. CAS#: The Chemical Abstract Registry number (CAS#) is a unique identification number assigned to individual chemicals by the American Chemical Society. Ceiling Exposure Level (CEV): CEVs are established by the Ontario Ministry of Labour (Regulation 833) and refer to the maximum airborne concentration of a substance that must not be exceeded at any time. Similarly, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has established ceiling exposure limits (TLV-C). Chronic: Refers to an effect that occurs from exposure over a long period of time. Combustible: Refers to a material that can burn. Combustible liquid: A liquid with a flash point greater than 100F (38.6C) and less than 200F (93.3C). June 2009 Page 3 of 29

4 Controlled Product: A product meeting the criteria under the Controlled Products Regulation and classified under any of the six WHMIS hazard classes. (see hazardous material) Engineering control: Refers to using process or equipment design, ventilation or containment methods for controlling exposures to hazardous materials. Exposure: Refers to contact with a chemical through inhalation, skin contact, ingestion or injection. Exposure Limits: Refers to occupational exposure limits. Airborne concentrations of a substance below which exposures are considered safe. Exposure limits generally refer to acceptable, time-weighted average exposures based on exposure periods of (i) 8-hr workdays and 40-hr workweeks (ii) 15 minute periods or (iii) any period of the workday. In Ontario, there are three main exposure limits regulated by O. Reg 833 Control of Exposure to Biological or Chemical Agents. o o o Time-Weighted Average Exposure Value (abbr.twaev): 8-hr workday/40-hr workweek. Short-Term Exposure Value (STEV): 15-minute exposure period Ceiling Exposure Value (CEV): Any part of the workday There are also three similar exposure guidelines recommended by the ACGIH: o TLV-TWA (8-hr workday, 40-hr workweek) o TLV-STEL (15-minutes) o TLV-C (any part of the workday) Flammable: Refers to any material that burns easily. Flammable liquid: A liquid with a flash point less than or equal to 100F (38.6C). Flash point: The lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapour to form a mixture that can ignite in the presence of a source of ignition. Freezing point: The temperature at which a liquid changes to the solid state. Hazardous combustion products: Hazardous products produced from burning a material. Hazardous decomposition products: Hazardous products produced by decomposition of a material by oxidation, aging or heating. Hazardous Materials: The term used in Ontario to refers to materials with hazardous chemical or physical properties. Similarly, the Federal regulations use the term controlled product. These two terms are generally used interchangeably. (see controlled product) Incompatible Materials: Refers to a material that can react violently and that may produce toxic or corrosive by-products, fire or explosion. Inert: Refers to a stable and non-reactive material. Irritant: Refers to a material that causes localized effects such as irritation, erythema, swelling or burns at the site of contact on the skin, eyes or other mucous membranes. LC 50 and LD 50 : Lethal concentration and lethal dose are values that provide a relative measure of acute poisoning strength (toxicity) of a chemical by inhalation, skin contact or ingestion. LC 50 and LD 50 values refer to the concentrations at which 50% of the test species do not survive. Lower LC 50 and LD 50 values correspond to higher toxicity. Conversely, higher values correspond to lower toxicity. June 2009 Page 4 of 29

5 Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): Also known as the Lower Flammable Limit- LFL. The lowest airborne concentration required to cause an explosion. Concentrations above the LEL (and below the UEL) can ignite if there is a source of ignition. MSDS: Material safety data sheet is a technical specification sheet that provides detailed hazard and precautionary information. MSDS are valid for 3 years. Mutagen: An agent that causes genetic damage. Odour Threshold: The lowest concentration of a chemical that can be detected by smell. Chemicals with low odour thresholds can be detected at low concentrations. Odour thresholds can vary over a very wide range of concentrations. Odour thresholds for some chemicals are above safe exposure guidelines. Personal protective equipment (abbr. PPE): Refers to any equipment that is worn to prevent contact with a chemical agent. Examples include: protective gloves, coveralls, eyewear, boots, respirator, face shield. ph: A measure of how acidic or basic a product is and is based on a logarithmic scale ranging from Chemicals with a ph < 7 are acidic while those with ph>7 are basic. ph=7 is neutral. Route of exposure: Refers to ways that chemicals can contact or enter the body and potentially cause harm. Routes of exposure include: inhalation, ingestion, skin contact and injection. Sensitizer: Refers to a material that can cause allergic reactions that may occur at the site of contact or elsewhere in/on the body. For example, natural latex is a known sensitizer that can cause allergic contact dermatitis, but it may also cause asthma. Once sensitized to a material, subsequent exposures, even at very low exposures/concentrations, can cause severe reactions. Short-Term Exposure Level (STEL): A 15-minute exposure level recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Similar to Ontario s STEV. Skin: Indicates an agent that can be absorbed through intact skin and can contribute to the overall exposure level. Supervisor: A person who has charge over a workplace or authority over a worker. Depending on the particular reporting relationship, a Supervisor includes, but is not limited to any of the following: Manager, Associate Dean, Director, Vice President or President. Supplier: A supplier is a person who manufactures, processes, packages, sells or imports a hazardous material intended for use in the workplace. Supplier label: A label applied to controlled products by the supplier. Supplier labels must have the hatched border and contain specific information including: product name, supplier name, hazard symbols, risk phrases, precautionary measures, first aid measures and a reference to the MSDS. Synergistic Effect: Refers to an enhanced health effect from exposure to two or more chemicals than would be expected from exposure to either chemical alone. Teratogen: A material that can cause defects in a developing embryo. TLV-TWA: Threshold Limit Value-Time Weighted Average Concentration. An exposure guideline recommended by the ACGIH. Refers to the average airborne concentration to which nearly all workers may be exposed for 8-hr workdays and 40-hr workweeks without suffering adverse health effects. Ontario has similar exposure limits in O.Reg Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): Also known as the Upper Flammable Limit UFL. Concentrations below the UEL and above the LEL can ignite if there is a source of ignition. Concentrations above the June 2009 Page 5 of 29

6 UEL are too rich to explode. However, an explosive environment exists as concentrations fall below the UEL. WHMIS: The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System. Canada s hazard communication system to educate workers and employers about hazardous products used in the workplace. The three main components to WHMIS are: labels, material safety data sheets and worker education. Workplace Label: A label applied to a portable container into which a controlled product has been dispensed from its original container. Workplace labels require less information than supplier labels. Workplace labels must include: product identification, precautionary measures and a reference to the MSDS. 5.0 RESPONSIBILITIES Suppliers of hazardous materials are responsible for: Determining whether their products are considered controlled products under the Controlled Products Regulations and classifying the material into the appropriate hazard class(es). Preparing a materials safety data sheet for their products and providing copies of the msds to purchasers. Labeling containers of controlled products or providing a supplier label to purchasers. Supervisors are responsible for: Ensuring containers of controlled products used in the workplace are properly labeled or identified. Ensuring material safety data sheets are up to date (less than 3 years old) and readily available for employees to review. Maintaining an inventory of hazardous materials used in the workplace. Ensuring employees who work with or in close proximity to hazardous materials complete WHMIS training and an annual review quiz. Refresher training is recommended at least every three years or more frequently as required. Ensuring employees use the required equipment and protective measures and work safely with hazardous materials. Ensure hazardous waste is disposed properly in accordance with Ontario Ministry of Energy and Environment Regulation 347 Hazardous Waste. Employees are responsible for: Applying their WHMIS training to work safely with hazardous materials used in the workplace. Reviewing the material safety data sheets for hazardous materials used in the workplace prior to using them. Following safe procedures and using required equipment when handling hazardous materials. Reporting hazardous or unsafe chemical incidents or exposures to their supervisor. Occupational Health and Safety Department is responsible for: Developing and reviewing the WHMIS program with the Joint Health and Safety Committee and updating as required. Program review to be done annually. Responding to or providing advice in the event of a chemical emergency where necessary. Assisting departments with the disposal of hazardous waste in accordance with environmental requirements. June 2009 Page 6 of 29

7 Contractors are responsible for: Ensuring containers of controlled products brought onto Mohawk College property are labeled properly. Maintaining material safety data sheets for controlled products used on site. Ensuring workers are trained in WHMIS. Informing the main Mohawk College contact person of any WHMIS or other health and safety related problems. 6.0 TRAINING 6.1 General Requirements WHMIS training is required for employees who are exposed to or likely to be exposed to hazardous materials in the workplace. Mohawk College has developed two levels of WHMIS training based on an employee s degree of exposure to hazardous materials. Employees, in consultation with their supervisor, are responsible for determining which WHMIS program is required. The Occupational Health and Safety Department can also be contacted for further information. Basic Level WHMIS: Intended for employees who are not likely to be exposed to hazardous materials in the course of their work. Examples include: Office staff and employees working in areas that do not store or use hazardous materials. Advanced Level WHMIS: Intended for employees who work with or in close proximity to hazardous materials or who supervise such employees. Examples include employees working in: Facilities Management, Automotive Department, Chemistry Department and their supervisors. 6.2 Training Frequency WHMIS training is recommended every three years or more frequently as required by the department or when there are changes to an employee s degree of handling hazardous materials. An annual refresher quiz is also required to ensure the level of understanding of WHMIS stays current. 6.3 On-Line Training On-line WHMIS training and the annual review quiz can be taken through Mohawk College s on-line learning platform WebCT. To login: Go to the WebCT home page at Click on LOGIN on the upper left hand side. Enter your WebCT ID. This will generally be your full last name followed by your first initial. For example: The WebCT ID for Tom Smith would be smitht. Contact the e- Learning Help Desk at 2125 or helpdesk@fred.mohawkcollege.ca if you encounter any problems. Enter your WebCT password. The default password for the initial WebCT account set-up is whmis. Click on Log in. You must change your password to something unique once you have logged in. June 2009 Page 7 of 29

8 o Click on the Password settings button at the top of the page and change your password to something unique. o In the case of a forgotten password contact the e-learning Help Desk at 2125 or helpdesk@fred.mohawkcollege,ca Select the WHMIS program (Basic or Advanced) that is best suited for you, in consultation with your supervisor. 6.4 Classroom Training Classroom training sessions may be arranged by contacting the Occupational Health & Safety Department at extensions 2225 or 2246 or either of the following: barbara.lynn.evans@mohawkcollege.ca or geoffrey.white@mohawkcollege.ca 7.0 WHMIS CLASSIFICATION AND HAZARD SYMBOLS CLASS A: COMPRESSED GASES Compressed gases are materials that are stored in containers (usually cylinders) under pressure. These materials typically exist in the gaseous state and are stored under pressure, but can also include dissolved gases or gases that have been liquefied by pressure or refrigeration. Under WHMIS, compressed gases are technically defined as materials that: Have a critical temperature <50 0 C (122 0 F) (i.e. gas cannot be liquefied above Tc) Have an absolute vapour pressure >294 kpa (2.90 atm) at 50 0 C Have an absolute pressure in the container >275 +/-1 kpa (2.71 +/ atm) at C (70 0 F) or 717 +/- 2kPa (7.07 +/ atm) at C (130 0 F) Have an absolute vapour pressure >275 kpa (2.71 atm) at C (100 0 F) when in the liquid state Examples of compressed gases include; carbon dioxide, butane, propane, acetylene, argon, nitrogen and helium and oxygen. The hazard symbol for compressed gases is a cylinder inside a solid circle border. Potential Hazards Cylinders may become a dangerous projectile because of sudden release of compressed gas resulting from a damaged cylinder or valve. Overheating the compressed gas may cause a dangerous increase in internal pressure and the cylinder could explode. Gas leaking from cylinders, valves or attached tubing poses the risk of displacing oxygen in confined spaces, creating a dangerous oxygen deficient atmosphere. Flammable gas leaking from cylinders, valves or attached tubing may create a fire or explosion hazard. Toxic or corrosive gas leaking from cylinders, valve or attached tubing may pose health hazards such as poisoning or tissue damage. Some compressed gases can cause frostbite upon skin contact (e.g. propane, oxygen, carbon dioxide). June 2009 Page 8 of 29

9 Precautions Read labels and material safety data sheets prior to handling. Handle with care and do not drop cylinders. Inspect cylinders, regulators and all connections for damage and leaks. Use a cylinder carrier to move cylinders. Ensure valve cap is on cylinder when being moved. Secure cylinders in upright position during transportation, storage or use. Store cylinders in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas. Secure cylinders away from heat and sources of ignition. Store full and empty cylinders separately. CLASS B: FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL Flammable and combustible materials are materials that can catch fire easily and create fire or explosion hazards. In general terms, flammable materials can catch fire more easily than combustible materials, but both materials require a source of ignition to catch fire. Flammable materials will burn or catch fire at typical temperatures experienced in day to day activities (below C or F) whereas combustible materials must usually be heated between C (100 0 F) and C or F) Examples of flammable or combustible liquids includes: propane, acetylene, alcohols, varsol, paint thinners, kerosene. The hazard symbol for flammable and combustible materials is a flame inside a solid circle border. Under WHMIS, there are six technically defined divisions of flammable and combustible materials: Division 1: Flammable Gases Any material classified as Class A Compressed Gas that forms a flammable mixture with air at normal atmospheric pressures: (a) (b) When in a concentration of 13% or less by volume Over a concentration range of at least 12% by volume Examples of compressed flammable gases include butane, hydrogen, methane and acetylene. Division 2: Flammable Liquids Any liquid material that has a flash point less than C (100 0 F). Examples of flammable liquids include gasoline, ethanol, acetone and methanol. Division 3: Combustible Liquids Any liquid material that has a flash point of C (100 0 F) or greater, but less than C (200 0 F). Examples of combustible liquids include kerosene, Stoddard solvent, varsol. Division 4: Flammable Solids Any solid material that meets any of the following WHMIS criteria: (a) It causes fire through friction or through retained heat from manufacturing or processing (eg. Matches and white phosporus) June 2009 Page 9 of 29

10 (b) (c) (d) It can be readily ignited and burns vigorously and persistently to create a hazard (e.g. Magnesium) It ignites readily and burns with a self-sustained rate flame at a rate of more than cm (0.1 inch) per second. Is included in Division 1 of Class 4 of the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations. Examples of flammable solids include white phosphorous, magnesium. Division 5: Flammable Aerosols Any material packaged in an aerosol container yielding a flame projection at full valve opening or a flashback at any degree of valve opening. The flammable agent may be the main product or the propellant used in the container. Examples of flammable aerosols include: spray paints, butane, propane. Division 6: Reactive Flammable Materials Any material that: (a) (b) Is spontaneously combustible and liable to spontaneous heating under normal conditions of use or liable to heat in contact with air to the point where it burns. (e.g. aluminum alkyl compounds) Emits a flammable gas or becomes spontaneously combustible on contact with water or water vapour (e.g. lithium metal, metallic sodium) Examples of reactive flammable materials include acetylene, ammonia, chlorine. Potential Hazards Risk of fire and explosion if handled in areas where ignition sources such as flames or sparks from static electricity can ignite vapours. Vapours may be irritating to eyes, upper respiratory tract or skin or cause adverse health effects affecting the central nervous or causing systemic poisoning. Precautions Read labels and material safety data sheets prior to handling. Bond and ground metal containers when dispensing flammable liquids. Eliminate all sources of ignition such as flames, sparks and hot sources when handling flammable and combustible materials. Use only in well ventilated areas. Keep containers closed when not being used to prevent vapours from escaping. Keep material away from sources of heat or other combustible material. CLASS C: OXIDIZING MATERIAL Oxidizers are strong chemicals that can react with other materials and cause them to burn or they may contribute to a fire by supplying oxygen or another oxidizing material. Oxidizing materials also include organic peroxides that contain the o-o structure. June 2009 Page 10 of 29

11 Examples of oxidizers include oxygen, ozone, nitric acid, chromic acid, chromates, iodates and hypochlorates, chlorine, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, epoxy compounds. The hazard symbol for oxidizers is a flaming O inside a solid circle border. Potential Hazards Oxidizers can have strong reactions that result in fire or explosion. Can react with combustible materials and cause a fire. Some oxidizers are shock sensitive that can release a lot of heat and explode. Skin contact can cause skin irritation or sensitization. Skin or eye contact can result in serious burns to the skin or eyes. Precautions Read labels and material safety data sheets prior to handling. Know what chemicals are incompatible with oxidizers and store separately. Wear recommended personal protective equipment such as rubber gloves, apron, and goggles. Store oxidizers in cool, dry, well ventilated areas away from sources of heat or ignition. Keep containers closed when not in use and when being transported. CLASS D POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS MATERIAL Poisonous and infectious materials can cause a range of adverse health effects toxicological effects. These effects include acute or chronic poisoning; infection; cancer; birth or genetic defects; skin or respiratory sensitization; irritation or reproductive toxicity. Some of these effects can occur over a relatively short period of time while others may take years to develop. Class D is divided into three subdivisions. Class D1: Materials Causing Immediate and Serious Toxic Effects Class D2: Materials Causing Other Toxic Effects Class D3: Biohazardous Infectious Material Class D1: Materials Causing Immediate and Serious Toxic Effects Class D1 materials are very poisonous and have the potential to cause immediate adverse health effects such as unconsciousness, death or poisoning within a short period of time after exposure. Under the Controlled Products Regulation, Class D1 materials are further subdivided into Class D1 A (Very Toxic) or Class D1B (Toxic) based on acute lethal testing results summarized in the table below. Test D1A Very Toxic D1B Toxic LD50 (oral) <= 50 mg/kg body wt. >50 but <=500m/kg body wt LD50 (Dermal) <=200 mg/kg body wt >200 but <=1000 mg/kg body wt LC50 (Vapour) <= 1500ppm >1500 but <=2500 LC50 (Dust/Mist) <=500 mg/m3 >500 but <=2500 Examples of D1 materials include solvents, pesticides, styrene, and hydrogen cyanide. The symbol for materials causing immediate and serious toxic effects is a skull and crossed bones inside a solid circle border. Class D2: Materials Causing Other Toxic Effects These materials cause adverse health effects other than those that are serious and immediate. The effects from Class D2 materials may result from brief (acute) exposures, but are generally related to repeated long term (chronic) exposures. June 2009 Page 11 of 29

12 The health effects of Class D2 materials include; allergies, sensitization, cancer, reproductive toxicity, birth or genetic defects, skin or eye irritation. Under the Controlled Products Regulation, materials are considered carcinogenic if they are classified as suspected or confirmed carcinogens under any of the following categories: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): o Group 1 Carcinogen: Confirmed human carcinogen. o Group 2A Carcinogen: Probably carcinogenic to humans. o Group 2B Carcinogen: Possibly carcinogenic to humans. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): o A1 Confirmed human carcinogen o A2 Suspected human carcinogen Class D2 materials are further subdivided into Class D2A (Very Toxic) or Class D2B (Toxic) based on specific testing outcomes outlined in the table below. D2A (Very Toxic) Chronic toxic effects at lower doses Cancer Reproductive toxicity Teratogenic or Embryotoxic Mutagenic (reproductive cells) Respiratory sensitization D2B (Toxic) Chronic toxic effects at higher doses Mutagenic (non-reproductive cells) Skin sensitization Skin or eye irritation Examples include asbestos, silica, isocyanates and lead. The symbol for materials with other toxic effects is a stylized T inside a solid circle border. Class D-3: Biohazardous Infectious Materials Biohazardous Infectious materials are organisms or toxins that are known or reasonably believed to cause disease in humans or animals. Biohazardous infectious materials are usually found in research and health care facilities (hospitals, clinics, laboratories, veterinary). Examples of biohazardous infectious materials include salmonella, mumps virus, Escherichia coli, infected blood (HIV, Hepatitis B), pathological waste, and biomedical specimens. The hazard symbol for biohazardous infectious materials is the inside a solid circle border. Potential Hazards May cause serious disease, illness or infection. Precautions Avoid contact by wearing personal protective equipment (e.g. gloves, goggles, clothing ). Avoid inhaling vapours, mists or aerosols. Handle material in designated areas where engineering controls such as fume hoods are in place to prevent exposure. June 2009 Page 12 of 29

13 CLASS E: CORROSIVE MATERIAL Corrosive materials are materials that can damage metal, skin, tissues (eye, lung) or other materials. Under WHMIS, corrosive materials are defined as materials that: (a) Corrode steel or aluminum (b) Is corrosive to skin (c) Causes visible necrosis of skin (d) Is a corrosive gas as defined by the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations. An important distinction between corrosives and some Class D2 materials (Other Toxic Materials) is that corrosive materials can cause permanent tissue damage whereas D2 materials that cause similar irritating effects are temporary. Examples of corrosive materials include: acids, caustics, bleach. The hazard symbol for corrosive materials is liquid being spilled on a hand or metal bar inside a solid circle border. Potential Hazards Contact with corrosive materials can burn skin, eyes, lungs and other tissues. Can corrode and damage metal containers, pipes or other equipment. Can react with other chemicals and cause pressure build-up that can damage containers. Can react violently with water or other chemicals. This can generate a lot of heat and cause the material to be sprayed. Precautions Read labels and material safety data sheets prior to handling. Substitute less hazardous materials where possible. Store corrosives away from other chemicals Keep containers tightly closed when not in use. When mixing corrosives, slowly add small amounts and mix frequently to prevent violent reactions Wear appropriate personal protective equipment to prevent skin and eye contact. Use in well ventilated areas and avoid inhaling vapours. Do not mix wastes of corrosive materials June 2009 Page 13 of 29

14 CLASS F: DANGEROUSLY REACTIVE MATERIAL Dangerously reactive materials are defined by the Controlled Products Regulation as materials that; React violently with water producing a toxic gas that has an LC50 <2500 ppm by volume of gas. Undergo vigorous polymerization, condensation or decomposition reactions. Become self reactive if activated by temperature or physical agitation. Examples include: acetylene, sodium metal, ethyl acrylate, styrene, vinyl chloride, benzoyl peroxide, picric acid and aluminum chloride. The hazard symbol for Dangerously Reactive Materials is the picture of a test tube surrounded by an R. Potential Hazards Improperly handled materials can react and release a toxic or flammable gas. May explode from shock or excessive temperature. May generate excessive heat from vigorous polymerization. Precautions Read labels and material safety data sheets prior to handling. Keep materials away from sources of heat. Open containers carefully. Do not drop containers. Store in cool, dry and well ventilated areas. 8.0 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS Material safety data sheets (MSDS) are technical data sheets prepared by suppliers that provide information regarding health, chemical and physical hazards of a product as well as information for safely handling the product and dealing with emergencies. MSDS are product specific (product and supplier name must match information on the product label) and are required for all controlled product used in the workplace. MSDS are valid for a period of three years and must be readily accessible to workers using or handling the product. Canada s controlled products regulation requires materials safety data sheets to contain nine information categories. These are: 1. Product information: Product name, code or other identifier and use(s) for the product. Name, address and contact information for supplier/manufacturer. 2. Hazardous Ingredients: Identifies hazardous ingredients, concentrations and chemical abstract service registry numbers (CAS#). 3. Physical Data: Provides information regarding the product s physical properties and characteristics such as state (solid/liquid/gas), colour, odour, boiling point. 4. Fire or Explosion Data: Identifies whether there is a risk of fire with the product and under what conditions. Also identifies hazardous products generated in the event of a fire. 5. Reactivity Data: Provides information regarding whether the product is chemically stable and/or chemicals that may react with the product to form toxic vapours/gases, heat or fire. June 2009 Page 14 of 29

15 6. Toxicological Properties: Provides information regarding the means by which the product may enter the body and describes short-term and long-term health effects. 7. Preventative Measures: Provides information regarding measures (such as ventilation, personal protective equipment) required to use, handle and store the product safely. Also provides information regarding disposal and emergency procedures. 8. First Aid Measures: Provides first aid treatment for individuals who have been adversely affected by the product via inhalation, ingestion, skin contact or ingestion. 9. Preparation Information: Identifies the date the msds was prepared as well as the name of the person, department or group and contact information. 8.1 Sample Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) This section provides an explanation of the information and terms that can be found on a material safety data sheet. Section 1: Product Information Information in this section details the manufacturer/supplier contact information as well as the product s name and typical uses. This information is useful to ensure the product is being used for the appropriate application and to provide emergency contact numbers if additional information is needed in the event of an emergency. SECTION 1 - PRODUCT INFORMATION PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION: PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (PIN) PRODUCT USE: MANUFACTURER S NAME: STREET ADDRESS: SUPPLIER S NAME: STREET ADDRESS: CITY: PROVINCE: CITY: PROVINCE: POSTAL CODE: EMERGENCY TELEPHONE: POSTAL CODE: EMERGENCY TELEPHONE: Product Identification Provides the product code, chemical, generic, trade or common name. The product identification must be the same as that on the supplier label. Product Identification Number (PIN) A four digit number used to identify Dangerous Goods as defined by the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations. Product Use A description of the intended use(s) of the product. Potentially hazardous conditions or exposures may occur if the product is not used as intended. Manufacturer/Supplier Name and Address Provides the name and address of the manufacturer and supplier. This information must be the same as that on the supplier label. Emergency Telephone Provides a 24 hr emergency telephone number that can be used in the event of an emergency. June 2009 Page 15 of 29

16 Section 2: Hazardous Ingredients HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS SECTION 2 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS CONCENTRATION (%) CAS # LD 50 (SPECIES AND ROUTE) LC 50 (SPECIES AND ROUTE) Hazardous Ingredients This section identifies all the hazardous ingredients in the product by their proper chemical name. Concentration (%) This section provides information regarding the percentage composition of the hazardous ingredients. Concentrations are typically expressed in terms of a percentage range. For example: <1%, 5-10%, 25-50%; 20-40% CAS# The Chemical Abstract Service number is a unique number assigned to chemicals by the American Chemical Society. LD 50 and LC 50 LD 50 and LC 50 values provide a measure of the acute poisoning strength (toxicity) of a chemical via inhalation, skin contact or ingestion of a chemical. Lower values generally correspond to higher toxicity. Conversely, higher values generally correspond to lower toxicity. Caution must be exercised when interpreting LC and LD values because they vary with the exposure route and test species involved. Also, since LC and LD values are based on animal studies, the effects may not be relevant to humans. Section 3: Physical Data Information in this section is rather technical, describing the product s characteristics including physical state (solid, liquid, gas), odour and appearance, boiling and freezing point and other technical information that is useful for identifying and recognizing how the product looks and behaves and for developing/designing measures to control exposures. SECTION 3 PHYSICAL DATA PHYSICAL STATE: ODOUR AND APPEARANCE ODOUR THRESHOLD VAPOUR PRESSURE (MM HG) VAPOUR DENSITY (AIR = 1) EVAPORATION RATE BOILING POINT PH SPECIFIC GRAVITY COEFFICIENT (WATER/OIL) DISTR. FREEZING POINT Physical State Describes whether the product is a solid, liquid or gas. The state of a product influences how the user may be exposed to the substance and helps with the understanding and development of control measures. Odour and Appearance Descriptive phrases of how a product looks or smells and is useful for confirming the identity of the product and comparing the material safety data sheet. June 2009 Page 16 of 29

17 Odour Threshold Odour thresholds provide an indication of the minimum concentrations required before a product can be smelled. Chemicals with low odour thresholds can be detected at low concentrations an have food warning properties whereas those with high odour thresholds have poor warning properties. Caution must be exercised when interpreting odour thresholds because they can vary over a very wide range of concentrations and the odour threshold of some chemicals are above safe exposure guidelines. Vapour Pressure Vapour pressure is a measure of a products ability to evaporate and become airborne. Chemicals with high vapour pressures tend to evaporate quickly. Vapour Density Vapour density is a measure of weight of a given volume of gas or vapour as compared to the same volume of air. Vapour densities greater than one indicate the vapours are heavier than air and these will tend to sink the floor level. Evaporation Rate Evaporation rate is a measure of the rate of evaporation of the product as compared to water or another reference material. The higher the number, the faster the product evaporates and becomes airborne. Boiling Point and Freezing Point Boiling and freezing point information identify the temperatures at which the material changes from liquid to solid or solid to liquid. ph ph is a measure of how acidic or basic a product is and is based on a logarithmic scale ranging from Materials with ph = 7 are neutral, while those with ph < 7 are acidic and those with ph>7 are basic. Specific Gravity Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance relative to a reference substance (usually water for solids and liquids and air for gases/vapours). Specific gravity provides an indication as to whether a particular substance will sink or float on water. Coefficient of Water/Oil Distribution A measure of the substances ability to mix with water or how easily a substance can be absorbed or stored in the body. The coefficient of water/oil distribution also provides information regarding spill cleanup requirements if water is involved. Section 4: Fire and Explosion Data Information in this section details whether the product is flammable or combustible or poses other fire or explosion hazards such as exposure to various temperatures, effects of static electricity and identifies hazardous chemicals produced in the event of a fire. It also provides fire prevention and extinguishing information useful in the event of an emergency. SECTION 4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA FLAMMABILITY: YES ( ) NO ( ) IF YES, UNDER WHAT CONDITIONS? MEANS OF EXTINCTION. FLASH POINT ( O C) AND METHOD. UPPER FLAMMABLE LIMIT (% BY VOLUME) LOWER FLAMMABLE LIMIT (% BY VOLUME) AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE ( O C) HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS: June 2009 Page 17 of 29

18 Flammability Flammability refers to the ability of the product to catch fire. This section also describes conditions that may cause or contribute to the product catching fire and should be considered when storing or handling the product. Flammable liquids have flash points <37.8C (100F) whereas combustible liquids have flash points greater than 100F but less than 200F. Means of Extinction Describes an appropriate type of fire extinguisher to be used for extinguishing a fire involving the product. Flash Point Flash point is the lowest temperature at which a substance emits a sufficient amount of vapour that could ignite if a source of ignition were present. Substances with low flashpoints can ignite relatively easily and pose greater fire risk than substances with high flash points. Sources of ignition include open flames, sparks, static electricity. Grounding and bonding is required to prevent static discharge when dispensing flammable liquids. Upper Flammable Limit Upper flammable limit is the maximum airborne concentration of a substance that can ignite or explode in the presence of a source of ignition. Concentrations below the UFL and above the LEL can ignite if there is a source of ignition. UEL is also known as the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL). Lower Flammable Limit Lower flammable limit is the lowest concentration (% vol in air) of a substance (gas or vapour) required for the substance to ignite or explode in the presence of a source of ignition. Concentrations above the LFL and below the UFL can ignite if there is a source of ignition. Concentrations LFL is also known as the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL). Autoignition Temperature Autoignition temperature is the lowest temperature at which a substance (vapour or gas) will ignite without a source of ignition (e.g. flame, spark). Hazardous Combustion Products Identifies the hazardous products produced when the product burns. Section 5: Reactivity Data Information in this section details whether the product is stable or not and whether it will react violently if mixed with other chemicals. This information is also useful for establishing safe handling procedures and selecting safe storage locations. SECTION 5 REACTIVITY DATA CHEMICAL STABILITY. YES ( ) NO ( ): IF YES, UNDER WHAT CONDITIONS? INCOMPATIBILITY WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES? YES ( ) NO ( ) IF YES, WHICH ONES? REACTIVITY AND UNDER WHAT CONDITIONS. HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS Chemical Stability June 2009 Page 18 of 29

19 Identifies whether the product is chemically stable or unstable. Some chemicals can break down or degrade into other chemicals by heat, age, sunlight, exposure to air or water. Incompatible Materials Identifies materials that can react violently if mixed with the product and that may produce toxic or corrosive by-products, fire or explosion. This information is useful for establishing safe handling procedures and selecting safe storage locations. Reactivity Identifies conditions other than those mentioned above, under which the product may react. Hazardous Decomposition Products Identifies new chemicals produced by decomposition of the material by oxidation, aging or heating. Section 6: Toxicological Properties Information in this section details how a product is likely to contact or enter the body as well as the potential short-term and long-term adverse health effects from overexposure situations. This information is useful for understanding the specific health risks associated with a particular product and assists with the development of safe handling procedures. SECTION 6 TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES ROUTE OF ENTRY SKIN CONTACT SKIN ABSORPTION EYE CONTACT INHALATION EFFECTS OF ACUTE EXPOSURE EFFECTS OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE EXPOSURE LIMITS IRRITANCY OF PRODUCT SENSITIZATION TO PRODUCT CARCINOGENICITY TERATOGENICITY REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY MUTAGENICITY SYNERGISTIC PRODUCTS Routes of Entry Describes how the hazardous material may enter the body. Routes of exposure for chemicals to enter the body and cause harm include; Inhalation, skin contact, skin absorption, eye contact, ingestion and injection. Effects of Acute Exposure Describes adverse health effects that may develop from a brief, short term exposure. Acute effects typically develop from relatively brief exposures to high concentrations. Effects of Chronic Exposure Describes adverse health effects that may develop over a long time period from repeated low level exposures to a substance. Exposure Limits Exposure limits are airborne concentrations of a substance below which occupational exposures are considered safe. There are three main exposure limits: Time-Weighted Average Exposure Value (TWAEV) TWAEVs are established by the Ontario Ministry of Labour (Regulation xx) and refer to the average airborne concentration to which nearly all workers may be exposed for 8-hr workdays June 2009 Page 19 of 29

20 and 40-hr workweeks without suffering adverse health effects. Similar recognized occupational guidelines, known as Threshold Limit Value-Time Weighted Average Concentrations (TLV-TWA) are established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Short-Term Exposure Value (STEV) STEVs are established by the Ontario Ministry of Labour (Regulation xx) and refer to the maximum airborne concentration to which workers may be exposed over a fifteen minute period. Similarly, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has established short-term exposure levels (TLV-STEL). Ceiling Exposure Level (CEV) CEVs are established by the Ontario Ministry of Labour (Regulation xx) and refer to the maximum airborne concentration of a substance that must not be exceeded at any time. Similarly, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has established ceiling exposure limits (TLV-C). Irritancy of Product Identifies whether the material causes localized effects such as irritation, erythema, swelling or burns at the site of contact on the skin, eyes or other mucous membranes. This information is useful when selecting personal protective equipment (esp. gloves, eye protection) and emergency washing facilities. Sensitization of product Sensitizers are products that can cause allergic reactions. These reactions may occur at the site of contact or they may occur elsewhere. For example, natural latex is a known sensitizer that can cause allergic contact dermatitis, but it may also cause and adverse respiratory response (asthma). Once sensitized to a material, subsequent exposures, even at very low exposures/concentrations, can cause severe reactions. Carcinogenicity, Teratogenicity/Mutagenicity and Reproductive Toxicity Identifies whether the product is capable or suspected of causing cancer, birth defects, genetic defects or reproductive disorders. Synergistic Products Identifies products that, if exposed to in addition to the material, will exacerbate or amplify the health effects than would occur with either substance alone. Section 7: Preventive Measures Information in this section details the required personal protective equipment and engineering control measures to control exposures and protect users. Information in this section is also used to understand how to respond to emergency situations as well as how to store, transport and dispose of the product safely. SECTION 7 PREVENTIVE MEASURES PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: GLOVES (SPECIFY) RESPIRATOR (SPECIFY) EYE (SPECIFY) FOOTWEAR (SPECIFY) CLOTHING (SPECIFY) OTHER (SPECIFY) ENGINEERING CONTOLS (SPECIFY E.G. VENTILATION, ENCLOSURE ETC..) LEAK AND SPILL PROCEDURE WASTE DISPOSAL June 2009 Page 20 of 29

21 HANDLING PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT STORAGE REQUIREMENTS SPECIAL SHIPPING INFORMATION Personal Protective Equipment This section recommends the type(s) of personal protective equipment such as: Gloves: e.g. nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, PVC etc.. Eye Protection: e.g safety glasses, goggles, face shield Clothing: e.g. apron, coveralls, boots Respiratory protection: e.g. air purifying or supplied air Engineering Controls This section will indicate whether general or local ventilation is required. Leak and Spill Procedure Provides the procedure for responding to leaks and spills and specifies the required materials for cleaning up, neutralizing or absorbing the material. Waste Disposal This section specifies the procedure for disposing of the waste in accordance with environmental legislation. Handling Procedures and Equipment Information in this section identifies special equipment or procedures required for handling the material safely. Storage Requirements This section provides information for safely storing the material including temperature, ventilation, chemical separation (incompatibility) or shelf life requirements. Section 8: First Aid Measures Information in this section details the recommended first aid measures to respond to emergency situations to treat those affected by overexposure via inhalation or ingestion, or for treating those affected by contact with skin or eyes. SPECIFIC MEASURES SECTION 8 FIRST AID MEASURES INHALATION: EYE SKIN INGESTION June 2009 Page 21 of 29

22 Section 9: Preparation Information Information in this section identifies the date the material safety data sheet was prepared, the person who prepared it and a contact telephone number. Material safety data sheets are valid if they are no more than three years old. If the MSDS is more than three years old, it is considered expired and must be replaced. Updated MSDSs can be obtained from the supplier or manufacturer. PREPARED BY (GROUP, DEPARTMENT, ETC ) SECTION 9 PREPARATION INFORMATION PHONE NUMBER: DATE: 9.0 LABELS Containers of controlled products are required to have labels applied to them in order to alert users to the potential hazard(s) of the products and any safe handling precautions necessary to protect themselves while using the product. Labels also refer users to the material safety data sheet for more detailed information regarding the product. Suppliers and employers are responsible for ensuring containers are properly labelled. There are two types of WHMIS labels: 1 Supplier Labels 2 Workplace Labels The format and requirements for supplier and workplace labels are slightly different, but the general purpose for them is the same to act as the first hazard warning for a controlled product. 9.1 Supplier Label Suppliers are responsible for labeling containers of controlled products (or providing proper labels). The format of supplier labels is easily recognized by a square, hatched border standardized by the Controlled Products Regulation. Supplier labels must contain the following 7 items of information: 1. The name of the product. This can be the generic, chemical, common or trade name. 2. The name of the supplier and contact information 3. A reference to the material safety data sheet. For example: See Material Safety Data Sheet for more information. 4. Hazard symbol(s). There are 8 WHMIS symbols representing the hazard posed by the product. (refer to section 7.0 or Appendix 1 for the symbols) 5. Risk phrases June 2009 Page 22 of 29

23 Short statements to describe the hazardous properties of the material. Examples of risk phrases include: flammable liquid, eye irritant, causes severe burns, absorbed through skin, reacts violently with water, may cause delayed skin injury. 6. Precautionary measures Short statements to describe the precautions to be taken when handling a hazardous material. Examples include wear face protection; avoid prolonged contact with skin, store away from heat and sources of ignition, wear suitable gloves, avoid breathing vapour. 7. First Aid Measures Short statements describing the immediate steps to be taken in the event someone has been overexposed or otherwise affected by the material. For example: Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Induce vomiting. Seek medical attention. Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. Seek medical attention. Skin Contact: Flush with water. Seek medical attention if irritation persists Supplier Labels for Small Containers (<100mL) An abbreviated label can be used for small containers (<100mL). This label requires only 4 of the 7 items required for larger containers. 1. The name of the product 2. The name of the supplier 3. A reference to the material safety data sheet 4. Hazard symbols 9.2 Workplace Labels A workplace label is a label that an employer prepares to identify controlled products under the following conditions: 1 To replace a damaged, missing or unreadable supplier label. 2 To label a controlled product that has been decanted into another container from the supplier s container. 3 To label a controlled product produced in the workplace WHMIS Workplace Label Content Workplace labels are very general as compared to the requirements of the supplier label. Workplace labels do not require borders, hazard symbols or specific wording, but must contain a minimum of the following Information: 1. Identity of the product (e.g. Brand name, generic name, chemical name) 2. Information for safe handling (e.g. Wear suitable gloves, avoid breathing vapours, avoid skin contact) 3. A reference to material safety data sheet. METHANOL FLAMMABLE DO NOT USE NEAR OPEN FLAMES OR PROCESSES THAT GENERATE SPARKS AVOID INHALING VAPOURS June 2009 Page 23 of 29

24 Sample Workplace Label There are two scenarios where a workplace label is not required for a controlled product transferred from a supplier container into another container. 1) If the controlled product transferred into the portable container is used immediately. 2) If the controlled product is: o Used only by the worker who filled the portable container; o Used only during the shift in which the portable container was filled and o The contents of the portable container are identified by any means such as product, chemical or formula name or by colour code Preparing Workplace Labels Workplace labels for hazardous materials can be prepared using information from a current material safety data sheet or supplier label. Containers must be dated upon opening and/or labeling. If the shelf life date has expired, the material should be treated as hazardous waste and disposed properly. Mohawk College has a customized self adhesive workplace label that can be obtained by contacting the Occupational Health & Safety Department. A sample workplace label is attached in Appendix 2 for reference purposes. 9.3 Laboratory Labels Suppliers do not have to provide full supplier labels for controlled products originating from Laboratory Supply Houses intended for use in a laboratory and in containers less than 10 Kg. These labels do not require the WHMIS border, hazard symbols or supplier identifier. The supplier laboratory label must: 1) Identify the product 2) Give the appropriate risk phrases, handling precautions and first aid measures and 3) Reference to material safety data sheet if there is one. Laboratory labels Where the controlled product from a laboratory supply house is transferred from its original container into another container for use, analysis, testing or evaluation in a lab, the second container must be labeled with a simple product identifier (e.g. common name, chemical name, formula ) EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - CHEMICAL SPILLS Chemical spills must be cleaned up promptly to protect life, property and the environment. There are two types of spills: Minor Spill: Minor spills involve quantities small enough such that the emergency spill kit materials available are sufficient to contain and clean-up the spill. Major Spill: Major spills involve quantities that cannot be contained safely with the emergency spill kit materials on site and/or threaten the building or the environment. Depending on the materials involved, major spills may pose significant fire, health or environmental hazards and must be promptly cleaned-up by a trained emergency response team such as a company specializing in hazardous materials spill response. June 2009 Page 24 of 29

25 Emergency Procedure Minor Spills 1) Notify the spill response coordinator or the person responsible for the area. 2) Promptly stop or shut off the source of the spill if possible and safe to do so. 3) Eliminate any sources of ignition (e.g. electrical equipment, smoking, sparks, flames etc ). 4) Ventilate the area using natural or mechanical ventilation (open doors, windows etc ) 5) Contain the liquid by placing a dam around it using absorbent socks or inert absorbent material. Prevent material from entering drains or contaminating other materials. 6) Place absorbent or neutralizing material on the liquid (refer to msds for proper procedure). 7) Pick up the material with a scoop or shovel made of non-sparking and non-reactive material and place in a compatible container for disposal. Contact OHS (ext. 2225) for disposal. 8) If a fire should result, follow the procedure for fire emergencies. Emergency Procedure Major Spills 1) Promptly stop or shut off the source of the spill if possible and safe to do so. 2) Evacuate the area and restrict further access. 3) Pull the fire alarm if necessary. 4) Notify Security. 5) Notify the spill response coordinator or the person responsible for the area. EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS Fire Department: 911 Mohawk College Security Services: Extension 55 IAHS Security Extension 88 Team Hazco Emergency Services (24hrs): Ministry of Environment Spills Action Center: HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL Hazardous waste is regulated by the Ontario Ministry of Energy and Environment s Regulation 347 General Waste Management. This regulation requires all sites that generate hazardous waste to be registered with the MOEE and each waste stream generated must also be registered. This is to ensure hazardous waste is disposed in an environmentally responsible manner. Mohawk College campuses and waste streams are registered with the MOEE and reviewed annually. Each department that generates hazardous waste is responsible for the safe and proper disposal of that waste. The Occupational Health & Safety Department coordinates regular hazardous waste disposals and can be contacted for additional advice. June 2009 Page 25 of 29

26 APPENDIX 1 WHMIS CLASSES AND HAZARD SYMBOLS June 2009 Page 26 of 29

27 WHMIS CLASSES AND HAZARD SYMBOLS Class A: COMPRESSED GASES Class B: CLASS C: FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL Division 1: Flammable Gases Division 2: Flammable Liquids Division 3: Combustible Liquids Division 4: Flammable Solids Division 5: Flammable Aerosols Division 6: Reactive Flammable Materials OXIDIZING MATERIAL CLASS D: POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS MATERIAL Division 1: Materials Causing Immediate and Serious Toxic Effects Division 2: Materials Causing Other Toxic Effects Division 3: Biohazardous Infectious Material CLASS E: CORROSIVE MATERIAL CLASS F: DANGEROUSLY REACTIVE MATERIAL June 2009 Page 27 of 29

28 APPENDIX 2 MOHAWK COLLEGE WORKPLACE LABEL June 2009 Page 28 of 29

29 Mohawk College W HMIS Program MOHAWK COLLEGE WORKPLACE LABEL June 2009 Page 29 of 29