Underground. Products and Services

Transcription

1 Underground Products and Services August 2011

2 Underground 1 Contents 02 Research and Development 03 Blast Based Services 08 Underground Bulk Systems 08 Bulk Services 09 Bulk Delivery Systems 12 Electronic Blasting Systems 16 Initiating Systems 26 Packaged Explosives At Orica, we recognise The Power of Partnership and the value of building long-term relationships with our Customers. We are proud of our reputation for superior safety, environmental management, dependability, integrity and expertise, and we aim to maintain and enhance that reputation. Our Customers can have confidence that we will provide efficient energy and superior know-how to increase yield, improve productivity and reduce total process costs.

3 2 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 3 Research and Development Our aim is to develop innovative product and service solutions to improve mining efficiency. We do this by providing the right solution, first time, every time. Our Global Technology Team is the driving force behind innovation in products and delivery services and blasting application and measurement. Orica Mining Services has a significant investment in technology which has led to many new and innovative technologies that now are used by our Customers throughout the world. Orica Mining Services has seven Global Technical Centres around the world in Canada, USA, Australia, Germany, Sweden, South Africa and India. Orica Mining Services conducts R&D in ammonium nitrate, packaged and bulk explosives, explosives hazards, advanced delivery systems for explosives, Initiating systems (both non-electric and electronic) and advanced blasting and mining applications. Orica Mining Services employs approximately 230 scientists and engineers around the world, researching, developing, supporting and maintaining our solutions for Customers. Blast Based Services Through our vast global experience in quarry operations, we understand that every quarry has unique needs and value drivers. For this reason, we developed Blast Based Services. Blast Based Services is a suite of service based offerings that reinforce our commitment to supporting the productivity, growth, profitability and environmental outcomes of our Customers. Our Blast Based Services capabilities include: a comprehensive range of survey, design, modelling and measurement tools; a series of blast improvement, compliance and quality services delivered by our Technical Services team; Advanced Blast Based Services, which offer tailored solutions to deliver immediate results and also maximise downstream value generation in the mining process. Brownsburg Denver Gyttorp Troisdorf Gomia Survey Design Technology & Tools Quality Services Blast Quality Services Blast Training Courses Quality Audits Advanced Solutions AVM Advanced Vibration Management ROG Rock on Ground Site Surveys Modelling Blast Design & Management R2S Rock to Specification Site Compliance & Risk Management Capetown Kurri Kurri Measurement Industry Benchmarking Environmental ABT Advanced Blast Technologies Mass Blast Design Rapid Advance Sustainable Development

4 4 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 5 Blast Based Services continued Technology & Tools Quality Services Orica invests heavily in innovation. Over many years our advanced research and development program has allowed us to offer significant technical capabilities to drive greater value for our Customers. The development of innovative products, delivery systems, applications and services assists our Customers to achieve optimum blasting results, cost effectively and safely. The suite of Technology & Tools offered within Blast Based Services is represented in four classes of technical capability: Surveying: Orica uses a range of measurement systems for borehole tracking, cavity monitoring and laser scanning. These systems can be interfaced with existing blast management software. Design: Orica s SHOTPlus UG and SHOTPlus T software enables optimum blast design and analysis for underground operations. Modelling: Orica has developed a wide range of modelling tools for the simulation of mine process, blast outcomes, cost optimisation and environmental performance including roll/flow modelling of fragmented rock. Measurement: Orica uses a range of measurement systems for the assessment of blast impacts such as rock movement, fragmentation, vibration and airblast as well as product performance and mine cycle time. Orica s Technical Services Engineers understand the underground market and the challenges you face. When you need technical support and training for better blasting outcomes, an Orica Technical Services Engineer is able to provide you professional advice, support and training for your operation. Our Technical Services team enables our Customers to achieve best practice standards by delivering a range of site tailored services: Blasting Courses including Safe and Efficient Blasting, Explosives Awareness, Shotfirer training, Operator training, explosives and product training. Quality Blasting Audits and Risk Assessments targeted at highlighting opportunities for cost efficiencies, safety and environmental improvements and blast optimisation. Blast Design & Support largest network of experienced blasting professionals, providing assistance with designs, measurement or blast location support including the introduction of the latest in bulk and initiating product technology. Site Compliance Risk analysis, compliance monitoring, environmental planning and environmental impact assessments. Site Surveys & Industry Benchmarking Comprehensive site process studies by experienced engineers on site to review blasting and mining operations and establish a base line for the identification of the best improvement/efficiency project opportunities. Leveraging from a global contact network of sites and latest practices. This can include the analysis of comparative blasting scenarios arising from proposed changes in product selection, blasting parameters, or mining / processing equipment selection. Present latest in technology and drilling and blasting practices.

5 6 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 7 Blast Based Services continued Advanced Solutions Orica s Advanced Blast Based Services reinforce our commitment to supporting the growth and profitability of our Customers through the introduction of services that can be tailored and adapted to meet the individual needs of each operation. Innovation and excellence in unlocking tangible value are the hallmarks of our Advanced Blast Based Services. These advanced services are tailored for every site and have the potential to generate value for underground operations such as: Reduced unit mining costs in development and production through optimising design and product selection that maximise the use of every unit of explosives energy Increasing advance rates in lateral development through maximum advance and minimum overbreak per round Testing for and managing safe blasting procedures together with specifically selected products for the prevention of sulphide dust explosions Higher ore and waste mining rates through improved blasting performance that delivers optimum fragmentation and loading rates Increasing ore recovery by minimising ore losses through ore/waste boundaries, minimising multiple round ore waste designs for development, stope wall dilution, or improving drawpoint design for optimum draw profiles Minimising pillar and stope wall damage through the control of blast induced vibrations Maximising Block Cave mine productivity by efficiently blasting drawbells in single blasts to the minimum required void space Improving productivity through mass blast mining Improved efficiencies through decked rises/winzes Reducing Greenhouse Gas intensities through advanced scenario modelling using Orica s Value and Emissions calculator For Customers in the Underground Mining market who are seeking to combine a number of quality services and truly optimise the drill & blast process, Orica offers the Rock on Ground service. Rock on Ground can complement a Customer s own drilling capability with a complete rock extraction and delivery service. That delivers a reliable supply of rock at consistent sizing ready to feed the haulage stage or to achieve a required improved advance rate or control of overbreak. Rock on Ground assures predictable cost, while enhancing your safety and environmental performance through tight process control, measurement tools and high standards at the face. Rock on Ground offers can be tailored to specific parts of the mine or to specific blasting events, such as mass blasts, rises, etc. Advanced Vibration Management solutions offer blast designs and execution supported by sophisticated measurement and statistical modelling techniques particularly appropriate to higher risk structures or specific geologies or where an elevated degree of measurement/ predictive reliability is required. The impact of proposed blast designs can be modelled and assessed to ensure appropriate corrective actions can be taken. For compliance monitoring, AVM offers a sophisticated web based service that automatically records, processes and stores all vibration results from each blast, and alerts pre selected representatives of the results of each blast. Blast environmental records need never be missed or lost again. Rock 2 Spec draws on Orica Mining Services expertise in novel design of blast parameters, leading edge visioning systems and data base management services aimed to deliver significant advanced fragmentation benefits to Customers. Customers are provided with a service that aims to deliver agreed improvements in the fragmentation of blasted material (e.g. reduction of fines or oversize). Advanced Blasting Technologies incorporates tailored services that produce highly specialised blast results. These can include optimising block cave drawbell blasting, designing and managing mass blasts, minimising stope wall fall-out (dilution), ore-waste separation blasting to minimise dilution, and decked rises/winzes. Blast Based Services combine the best of Orica s knowledge, experience, technology and tools to keep Customers on the leading edge of blasting developments while delivering outcomes of profitability, efficiency, safety, health and environment. At Orica, we believe in the Power of Partnership, two companies working together to achieve common goals.

6 8 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 9 Underground Bulk Systems Orica have a proven track record in delivering benefits to our Customers across the mining chain by tailoring our Bulk Systems to suit particular needs. Through the application of innovative technology and worldwide experience, Orica s solutions can give you a productive edge. Orica offers a wide range of delivery systems designed for any scale of operation, and for both development and production blasting. The emphasis has been on design of exceptionally compact and flexible systems based on a common technology base which has a proven record of reliability in the underground environment. Delivery systems are available to suit low and highly mechanised mines, and also for automated mining. Our Underground Delivery Units include mobile Charger delivery systems and modular Loader units, which are state of the art in explosives engineering and charging capability. The Orica mobile Chargers are designed to charge full rings or development efficiently, taking full advantage of mechanisation and mobility. They are self contained and operate independently of other mining activity and equipment. The Loader systems are designed to be transported by IT to the point of use and can be quickly set up for loading blast holes. These systems can be readily installed onto mine carriers, or can be adapted for special needs. Bulk Services Orica Mining Services is a world leader in the development of innovative blasting systems for underground mining. Bulk emulsion systems are rapidly displacing packaged explosives in underground mining applications because of the benefits that bulk offers underground operations. Benefits are available in a wide number of operational areas, all of which deliver mining cost reductions, health and safety improvements and logistical advantages. Orica have a comprehensive range of bulk products and charging equipment to create a fit for purpose blasting solution for underground mining or construction operations. The Orica technology will be provided with the service level that best suits your requirements. Orica can provide a managed in the hole charging service, where holes are efficiently primed and loaded ready for firing, according to the engineers design and the mining schedule. Alternatively, Customers can use Orica bulk systems to charge holes and still be able to rely on Orica management systems to ensure safety, quality and reliability for blasting operations on the site. Orica provides maintenance support and training for the Customers operators, ensuring ongoing high availability, reduced blasting costs and lower mining costs. Orica delivers all the benefits of bulk emulsion explosives to a wider range of mining operations, and in more locations around the world. For more information on Orica s Underground Bulk Systems please consult your local Orica representative. Bulk Delivery Systems Orica s bulk delivery systems are the result of over twenty years of research and development. They have evolved to be in a class of their own in terms of innovation, accuracy, flexibility and capacity. The MaxiCharger bulk delivery system is an independent, fully featured charging unit designed for development and production charging in underground mining and construction applications. The MaxiCharger has the ability to deliver a range of densities and provides full control of product charging enabling accurate loading of blast designs. Capacity Tare weight Delivery rate Hose (Dia length) Dimensions (L W H) Product types Features Options kg kg 80 kg/min 19 mm 80 m m Subtek range, Civec range Elevating work platform, mechanical hose handling, Orica ISIC controller Twin hoses, twin pumps, Roboarm, radio remote control The MaxiLoader modular bulk delivery system is a fully featured loading unit designed for development and production charging in underground mining or construction applications. The MaxiLoader has the ability to deliver a range of densities and provides full control of product charging enabling accurate loading of blast designs. Capacity Tare weight Delivery rate Hose (Dia length) Dimensions (L W H) Product types Features Options kg 850 kg 80 kg/min 19 mm 80 m mm Subtek range, Civec range Orica ISIC controller, radio remote control Twin hoses, twin pumps, pneumatic drive, Roboarm, hose pusher, hose reel

7 10 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 11 Bulk Delivery Systems continued The BudLoader bulk delivery system has been designed exclusively for shaft construction in underground mines. The circular shape and single lift point of the BudLoader make hoisting through the stage fast and easy. The BudLoader features independently controlled, multi-hose capability to improve loading rates. Capacity Tare weight Delivery rate Hose (Dia length) Dimensions (ø H) Product types Features Options 1600 kg 1200 kg 40 kg/min 25 mm 15 m 1.4 m 1.8 m Civec range Radio remote control for each hose 1 5 hose capability The Subtek range of bulk explosives is specifically designed to meet the needs of the underground mining market. The Subtek range includes Subtek Charge for mine development, Subtek Velcro for production blasting in non-reactive ores, Subtek Eclipse for reactive ores and Subtek Control for development mining. Key Benefits Energy can be tailored to match ground types Reliable and consistent performance Suitable for uphole loading Subtek Velcro and Subtek Eclipse Suitable for use in reactive ground conditions Subtek Eclipse High water resistance The MiniLoader modular bulk delivery system is compact and flexible, designed for situations where bulk products provide the right solution and volumes are modest. The MiniLoader has been designed for ease of use and offers reliable performance in development blasting in underground mining and construction applications. Capacity Tare weight Delivery rate Hose (Dia length) Dimensions (L W H) Product types Features Options kg 48 kg 15 kg/min 15 mm 80 m mm Subtek range, Civec range Manual system, suits commercially available IBC 15 mm or 19 mm hose Product Subtek Control (NSW, QLD, Vic) Subtek Control (NT, SA, Tas, WA) Subtek Control i (NSW, QLD, Vic) Subtek Control i (NT, SA, Tas, WA) Subtek Charge (NSW, QLD, Vic) Subtek Charge (NT, SA, Tas, WA) Application Used in underground development mining Used in underground development mining Used in underground development mining with mildly reactive ground Used in underground development mining with mildly reactive ground Used in underground mining for development / tunnelling Used in underground mining for development / tunnelling Density (g/cc) to design RBS% VS 0.95 g/cc Rec Min. Blasthole Diameter (mm) Rec Max. Sleep Time days days days days Determined based on reactivity Determined based on reactivity The HandiLoader modular bulk delivery system is a fully featured loading unit designed for development and production charging in underground mining or construction applications. The HandiLoader provides full control of charging operations enabling accurate loading of blast designs. Capacity Tare weight Delivery rate Hose (Dia length) Dimensions (L W H) Product types Features Options 1000 L 960 kg 20 kg / min 20 mm 30 m mm Subtek, Civec Hole-by-hole logging, multiple hoses, radio remote control Hose retractor, five pre-set charge weights for contour blasting Subtek Velcro (NSW, QLD, Vic) Subtek Velcro (NT, SA, Tas, WA) Subtek Eclipse (NSW, QLD, Vic) Subtek Eclipse (NT, SA, Tas, WA) Used in underground mining for uphole stoping Used in underground mining for uphole stoping Used in underground mines with mildly reactive ground Used in underground mines with mildly reactive ground days days Determined based on reactivity Determined based on reactivity Note: Emulsion explosives have low mechanical strength and are readily eroded by dynamic water conditions. Where dynamic water conditions prevail, contact your nearest Orica Technical Services Engineer to discuss possible solutions.

8 12 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 13 Electronic Blasting Systems Electronic Blasting Systems differ from electric and nonelectric delay systems in that the delay time is controlled by a programmable integrated circuit, resulting in very precise timing. The accuracy and programmability of electronic detonators allows for blast timing to be tailored to the geometry, geology and unique requirements of any blasting operation to more effectively use explosives energy. Key Benefits The ability to initiate large blasts using unique delays in each blasthole without delay overlap Improved blasting efficiency the same results for reduced input cost Finer and more uniform fragmentation Increased equipment productivity Enhanced safety and security Reduced and simplified inventory Our systems are easy to use, easy to program, and very safe. The detonators are identical in size and output to non-electric detonators. Every detonator has a unique, traceable ID number held on the chip, and printed on the attached tag. They are programmable in millisecond increments and have a high level of protection against accidental initiation by stray or induced currents and electrostatic discharges. The tough, all-weather hardware is intuitive to use and much liked by blasters. Orica s i-kon Digital Energy Control System represents Orica s most sophisticated blast initiation technology available. The extraordinary accuracy, flexibility and safety delivered by the i-kon System will allow you to optimise your blast designs like never before. The i-kon System is the result of Orica s ongoing commitment to provide value-added products and services to our Customers that deliver real productivity improvements. The i-kon System has four key integrated components; detonator, logger, blaster, software: i-kon Logger i-kon Blaster The Logger is used on the bench as part of the hook-up process to check the ID number and the status of each detonator. The Logger operates well below the no-fire voltage of the detonator ensuring inherently safe operation on the bench. The delay time for each detonator is stored against the ID number in the memory of the Logger for later programming by the Blaster. The Blaster is used to calibrate, program, arm and fire the i-kon detonators via the Loggers. Individual detonators and system integrity are fully verified and displayed to the user before the blast is fired, allowing confident blasting or trouble-shooting to be performed. There are two different Blasters for small and large blasts (Blaster 400 and Blaster 2400S). Two Blaster 2400S units can be synchronised together to fire 4800 detonators. The i-kon CEBS Remote Blast Box initiates underground blasts from a control location on the surface. It is capable of firing 2400 detonators on 12 loggers. The CEBS Lock Box connects to the blast controllers computer and is used to control the function of the remote blast box which is located near the blast. The blast can now be fired with full mine clearance of personnel. i-kon Detonator The i-kon standard detonator is recommended for use in underground mining applications. Delay times Programmable from 0 ms to ms in 1 ms increments Wire length (m) Standard: 6, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60 Downline wire Wire tensile strength 0.6 mm steel 25 kgf/250n The power of the i-kon System is SHOTPlus -i UG, an in house tool developed to provide a seamless front end to a mine s design and production systems. By integrating directly with the i-kon Loggers the blast design process flows into the hook-up design, both speeding up and ensuring the integrity of the process. SHOTPlus -i UG can import survey data detailing blasthole coordinates and identifiers, geological boundaries, pit design information and critical design elements. This allows for more accurate initiation designs to be developed, seamlessly incorporating site based systems with Orica technologies. Data upload completes the process, with the ability to document and report the final blasting outcomes and explosive consumption.

9 14 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 15 Electronic Blasting Systems continued Electronic Tunnelling System The edev system is an Electronic Blasting System specifically designed for tunnelling, providing the accuracy and flexibility of electronic timing at a reasonable price with rapid and easy operations at the tunnel face. The new time by numbers feature and SHOTPlus -T software allows blasters to operate in a familiar and rapid manner making it possible to achieve benefits such as reduction in inventory logistics and costs, reduced vibration, improved advance rate and overbreak control. The edev system consists of programmable electronic detonators and hardware to test, program and fire the detonators. The edev detonator will directly initiate detonator Senatel packaged explosives and Pentex boosters. edev Detonators edev detonators have the potential to bring wide-ranging benefits over traditional pyrotechnic detonators and other electronic systems. Delay times Wire length (m) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 Leg wire Wire tensile strength Fully programmable from 0 ms to ms in 1 ms increments Conductor is copper clad steel 20 kgf/200n Network Tester edev Blaster The Network Tester is an inherently safe, hand-held testing device used to test for short circuits, leakage and reverse polarity. Most problems can be discovered and corrected by this quick on-pattern testing of the wiring harness. The edev Blaster tests, programs, arms and fires the detonators with full two-way communications. The dedicated Blaster is the only means of initiating the edev electronic detonator. When the scanner is docked into the Blaster s docking station, the information held within it is transferred to the Blaster. At the designated time and location, blasting cables are attached to the box and firing sequence initiated. The edev Blaster has capacity to fire even the largest tunnel rounds. edev Scanner The Scanner is used to passively and safely read the detonator ID from the barcode tag. The ID is associated with an assigned delay time in the scanner s memory and later transferred to the blaster. Time by numbers and auto increment features combine with SHOTPlus -T software to allow quick operations at the face. SHOTPlus -T is a windows compatible blast design program specifically for tunnelling (which includes mine development). The package contains several standard rounds, but includes powerful routines allowing complex rounds to be designed by applying simple rules to a tunnel face of given geometry. SHOTPlus -T provides a simple and convenient way to design, analyse and optimise edev blasts. SHOTPlus -T is an integral component of the edev System by interfacing with the edev Scanner the blast design process seamlessly flows into the activities at the face, both speeding up and ensuring the integrity of the process.

10 16 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 17 Initiating Systems Featuring the Cordtex, Exel and Pentex ranges. Orica offers the widest range of Initiating Products to the Underground market. Key benefits High standards of safety Reliability of supply Consistent product and service performance Products are produced and distributed throughout the region with world class manufacturing facilities located within Australia, Philippines, China, India and Latin America. Exel Lead In Lines Exel Lead In Lines are long lead non-electric instantaneous detonators for remote initiation of blasts. Exel Lead In Lines consist of a non electric detonator, a length of Exel signal tube, and a plastic connector. Exel Lead In Lines will directly initiate detonating cord or signal tube. Signal tube Outer diameter Nominal tensile strength Yellow Exel 3 mm 45 kgf Lengths (m) 60, 150, 300 Waxed Detonating Cord Nominal detonator delay Detonator Packaging 0 ms #8 strength The Cordtex Waxed Detonating Cord range consists of a continuous core of PETN powder encased by high strength textiles. This is covered by a seamless plastic jacket and over wrapped by an outer layer of textiles held in place by a special high temperature wax. Detonating cord Colour Nominal core load (g/m) Length per spool (m) Spools per case Lead length (m) Units per case Gross weight (kg) Cordtex 5W UG Yellow 2 black stripes Cordtex 5W UG is supplied on plastic spools to withstand harsh underground conditions. Plastic Detonating Cord The Cordtex Plastic Detonating Cord range consists of a continuous core of PETN powder encased by high strength textiles. This is covered by a seamless plastic jacket. Detonating cord Colour Nominal core load (g/m) Length per spool Spools per case Cordtex 5P Green Cordtex 10P Red

11 18 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 19 Initiating Systems continued Exel Long Period Detonators Exel Long Period Detonators are a series of high strength non-electric detonators with Long Period (LP) delay intervals between successive firing times. Exel LP Detonators provide a series of delay times suitable for underground development blasting in tunnelling, raising and shaft sinking operations. An ideal in-hole initiating system, Exel LP detonators will directly initiate Pentex boosters and packaged explosives. Signal tube Outer diameter Nominal tensile strength Yellow Exel 3 mm 45 kg Lengths (m) 3.6, 4.9, 6.1, 24 Detonator Packaging #8* strength Lead length (m) Units per case Nominal gross weight (kg) Gross weight varies according to the delay element. Exel Develdet Detonators Exel Develdet Detonators are signal tube based detonators, combining a constant in-hole long period delay with a millisecond surface delay connector. They work as a single unit, simplifying priming and loading of underground development rounds. Signal tube Outer diameter Nominal tensile strength Pink Exel 3 mm 45 kgf Lengths (m) 4.9, 7.3, 12, 24 Detonator in-hole Detonator surface Packaging #8* strength Low strength Lead length (m) Units per case Nominal gross weight (kg) Gross weight varies according to the delay element.

12 20 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 21 Initiating Systems continued Exel Enduradet Detonators Exel Enduradet Detonators are a series of highly durable, oil resistant, millisecond non-electric delay detonators for use in harsh mining conditions. The special outer jacket of Exel Enduradet signal tube provides excellent protection against damage from impact, abrasion and of oil penetration making them an ideal in-hole initiating system for both long hole applications or where extended sleep times are required. Exel Enduradet detonators will directly initiate Pentex boosters and packaged explosives. Signal tube Outer diameter Nominal tensile strength Red Heavy Duty Exel 3 mm 61 kgf Lengths (m) 9, 12, 15, 18, 24, 30, 36, 45, 60, 80 Detonator #8* strength Exel Millisecond Detonators Exel Millisecond Detonators are a series of high strength non-electric detonators with millisecond (MS) delay intervals between successive firing times. Exel MS Detonators provide a series of delay times suitable for underground operations. An ideal in-hole initiating system Exel MS Detonators will directly initiate Pentex boosters and packaged explosives. Signal tube Outer diameter Nominal tensile strength Pink Exel 3 mm 45 kgf Lengths (m) 3.6, 6.1, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24 Detonator Packaging #8* strength Packaging Lead length (m) Units per case Nominal gross weight (kg) Format Tangle free F100 F80 Spool Lead length (m) Units per case Nominal gross weight (kg) F F F F F F F80 Gross weight varies according to the delay element. Gross weight varies according to the delay element.

13 22 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 23 Initiating Systems continued Pentex D is a high explosive composition booster cast into a plastic shell. Pentex D has a high density and high velocity of detonation to maximise performance. Designed to be used in conjunction with Hypercharge units, the booster fits into a specially designed applicator. The unique design features of the device facilitate ease of loading, placement of the unit at the toe of the blasthole and the secure attachment of a detonator. Shell colour Orange Nominal diameter 21 mm Nominal length 138 mm Nominal mass 25 g Velocity of detonation 7.2 km/s A case contains 150 pieces including an applicator. Pentex H boosters are made of high explosive composition cast into a cardboard shell. Two longitudinal tunnels in the booster accommodate either a detonator or detonating cord. Pentex H boosters contain Detlok. Detlok securely holds the detonator in place during loading, while still enabling safe removal of the detonator if required. Pentex boosters provide high energy initiating power for booster sensitive explosives. Shell colour Green Nominal diameter 34 mm Nominal length 120 mm Nominal mass 150 g Nominal density 1.7 g/cm 3 Velocity of detonation 7.2 km/s Nominal detonation pressure 22.0 GPa Pentex G boosters are made of a high explosive composition cast into a cardboard shell. Two longitudinal tunnels in the booster accommodate either a detonator or detonating cord. Pentex G boosters contain Detlok. Detlok securely holds the detonator in place during loading, while still enabling safe removal of the detonator if required. Pentex G boosters can also be combined with a plastic spider overshell for use in underground upholes. Pentex boosters provide high energy initiating power for booster sensitive explosives. Overshell (pictured) allows use of Booster in upholes. Shell colour Nominal diameter Nominal length Nominal mass Pink 31 mm 120 mm 110 g Pentex PowerPlus P boosters are made from a high explosive composition cast into a cylindrical cardboard shell. Two longitudinal tunnels in the booster accommodate either a detonator or detonating cord. Pentex PowerPlus P boosters contain both Detlok and a PETN explosive bottle. Detlok securely holds the detonator in place during loading. The explosive bottle allows initiation by low charge weight detonating cords while delivering high velocities of detonation to maximise performance. Pentex boosters provide high energy initiating power for booster sensitive explosives. Shell colour Orange Nominal diameter 55 mm Nominal length 120 mm Nominal mass 400 g Nominal density 1.7 g/cm 3 Velocity of detonation 7.2 km/s Nominal detonation pressure 22.0 GPa Nominal density 1.7 g/cm 3 Velocity of detonation Nominal detonation pressure 7.2 km/s 22.0 GPa

14 24 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 25 Initiating Systems continued Pentex Stopeprime Booster Pentex Stopeprime boosters have been specially designed for use in underground upholes. They consist of a plastic shell filled with a high explosive composition. Pentex Stopeprime boosters contain Detlok. Detlok securely holds the detonator in place during loading, while still enabling safe removal of the detonator if required. Pentex boosters provide high energy initiating power for booster sensitive explosives. Shell colour Yellow Maximum hole diameter Small spider 102 mm Big spider 160 mm Nominal diameter Shell 41 mm Small spider 125 mm Big spider 187 mm Nominal length 175 mm Nominal mass 250 g Nominal density 1.7 g/cm 3 Velocity of detonation 7.2 km/s Nominal detonation pressure 22.0 GPa Specialty Carrick II Detonators Carrick II Detonators are electric low incendive, short delay detonators approved for use in underground coal mines. Carrick II Detonators are compatible with all permitted types of explosives. Electric Instantaneous II Detonator Delay Detonator Shell Copper Base charge 0.6 g Pentolite Delay number stamped on base #0 to #10 Fusehead Low intensity Fusehead resistance 1.1 ohm Minimum firing energy 3.0 mj/ohm Leg Wires Conductor Copper Diameter 0.51 mm Insulation PVC Resistance ohm/m Colours 0 Delay white and orange Other Delays green and orange Electric Instantaneous II Detonators provide effective initiation for general purpose blasting, pipeline and utility trenching and construction operations. Electric Instantaneous II Detonators are rated as #8* strength. Detonator strength Shell Shell OD #8* strength Aluminium alloy 7.4 mm Fusehead resistance W Detonator resistance W Minimum firing current Maximum no fire current Water resistance 0.9 amps 0.3 amps 4 bar/24 hr Wire covering PVC PVC colours Yellow/White Wire type Copper Wire resistance W/m Length (m) 3.5

15 26 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 27 Packaged Explosives Orica Mining Services manufactures a range of packaged products for your underground mining needs. Senatel Magnum is a water resistant packaged explosive designed to deliver high energy. It can be used in both priming applications and as a high-density column explosive. Senatel Magnum cartridges are packaged in white film with a red product logo. The boxes are also highlighted in red. The film readily splits during tamping to maximise coupling and bulk strength within a blasthole. Standard cartridge sizes are as follows: Packaged Senatel Powerfrag is a high strength, robust detonator sensitive emulsion explosive. The explosive is white in colour with a firm putty-like consistency. It is packaged in plastic film with wire end clips. Senatel Powerfrag is packaged in white plastic film with a blue product logo. Standard cartridge sizes are as follows: Diameter (mm) Nominal length (mm) Nominal mass (g) Diameter (mm) Nominal length (mm) Nominal mass (g) Performance Nominal density (g/cc) 1.23 Relative effective energy 1 Relative weight strength Relative bulk strength to 0.8 g/cc to 0.95 g/cc 132% 201% 153% Minimum velocity of detonation 2 (km/s) 3.4 CO 2 3 (kg/tne) REE is the Effective Energy relative to ANFO at a density of 0.8 g/cc. ANFO has an effective energy of 2.30 MJ/kg. Energies quoted are based on ideal detonation calculations with a 100MPa cut-off pressure. Non ideal detonation energies are also available on request. These take account of blasthole diameter, rock type and explosive reaction behaviour. 2 VOD will depend on application including explosive density, blasthole diameter, temperature and degree of confinement. The minimum VOD quoted is based on unconfined test firing data. 3 Carbon dioxide is the main greenhouse gas produced. The output is calculated assuming ideal detonation Other sizes may be available on request. Performance Nominal density (g/cc) 1.21 Relative effective energy 1 Relative weight strength Relative bulk strength to 0.8 g/cc to 0.95 g/cc 121% 183% 139% Minimum velocity of detonation 2 (km/s) 3.4 CO 2 3 (kg/tne) REE is the Effective Energy relative to ANFO at a density of 0.8 g/cc. ANFO has an effective energy of 2.30 MJ/kg. Energies quoted are based on ideal detonation calculations with a 100MPa cut-off pressure. Non ideal detonation energies are also available on request. These take account of blasthole diameter, rock type and explosive reaction behaviour. 2 VOD will depend on application including explosive density, blasthole diameter, temperature and degree of confinement. The minimum VOD quoted is based on unconfined test firing data. 3 Carbon dioxide is the main greenhouse gas produced. The output is calculated assuming ideal detonation.

16 28 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 29 Packaged Explosives continued Senatel Permitted 1000 is a water resistant packaged explosive for use in all applications that require the use of a P1 classified explosive. Senatel Permitted 1000 packaging cases and film are labelled with Senatel Permitted Standard cartridge size is as follows: Diameter (mm) Nominal length (mm) Nominal mass (g) Performance Nominal density (g/cc) 1.16 Relative effective energy 1 Relative weight strength Relative bulk strength to 0.8 g/cc to 0.95 g/cc 90% 130% 98% Minimum velocity of detonation 2 (km/s) 4.5 CO 2 3 (kg/tne) REE is the Effective Energy relative to ANFO at a density of 0.8 g/cc. ANFO has an effective energy of 2.30 MJ/kg. Energies quoted are based on ideal detonation calculations with a 100MPa cut-off pressure. Non-ideal detonation energies are also available on request. These take account of blasthole diameter, rock type and explosive reaction behaviour. 2 VOD will depend on application including explosive density, blasthole diameter, temperature and degree of confinement. The minimum VOD quoted is based on unconfined test firing data. 3 Carbon dioxide is the main greenhouse gas produced. The output is calculated assuming ideal detonation. Amex is suitable for use where the blastholes are dry and will remain dry until firing. Amex can be used as a column charge. Amex can be loose poured or pneumatically (blow) loaded into blastholes. Amex is available in 1000, 500, 20 and 10 kg packs. Performance Loose poured Density (g/cc) Relative effective energy 1 Relative weight strength to ANFO = 0.8 g/cc Relative bulk strength to 0.8 g/cc to 0.95 g/cc 100% 100% 75% Velocity of Detonation Range 2 (km/s) CO 2 3 (kg/tne) 182 Blow loaded 111% 132% 100% 1 REE is the Effective Energy relative to ANFO at a density of 0.8 g/cm3. ANFO has an effective energy of 2.30 MJ/kg. Energies quoted are based on ideal detonation calculations with a 100Mpa cut-off pressure. Non ideal detonation energies are also available on request. These take account of blasthole diameter, rock type and explosive reaction behaviour. 2 VOD will depend on application including explosive density blasthole diameter and degree of confinement. The VOD range is based on minimum unconfined and calculated ideal. 3 Carbon Dioxide is the main greenhouse gas produced. The output is calculated assuming ideal detonation. Recommendations for use Either a Senatel packaged explosive cartridge or a Pentex booster, in conjunction with an Exel detonator can reliably initiate Amex. The minimum recommended hole diameter for pneumatically loaded Amex is 25 mm and for loose poured product is 76 mm.

17 30 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 31 Packaged Explosives continued Amex LD 30, 50 & 100 Amex LD is suitable for use as a column charge in dry holes where the high strength of Amex is not required. A range of Amex LD products are available so that the explosive energy can be matched to drill patterns, hole size and ground conditions. Amex LD can be free-poured or pneumatically loaded from pressure vessel type loading equipment. Performance Impact is suitable for use either as a column charge in dry holes or where improved perimeter control is required, depending on product choice. The different Impact mixes are available so that the explosive energy can be selected to suit drill patterns, hole size and ground conditions. Impact is non segregating and provides uniform distribution of charge. The sticky consistency of Impact assists retention in upholes. Impact is packaged in polythene bags. The bags are differentiated by both graphics and colouring. 50/50 40/60 30/70 Loose poured density1 (g/cc) Relative effective energy 2 Relative weight strength Relative bulk strength to 0.8 g/cc to 0.95 g/cc 66% 34% 26% 57% 24% 18% 42% 13% 10% Velocity of detonation range 3 (km/s) CO 2 4 (kg/tne) /50 40/60 30/70 Impact 30 Impact 50 Impact 100 Colour Yellow Aqua Pink Pack size (kg) Graphic labelling Orange circle Black squares Pink with black strip Performance Impact 30 Impact 50 Impact 100 Blow loaded density 1 (g/cc) Relative effective energy 2 Relative weight strength Relative bulk strength to 0.8 g/cc to 0.95 g/cc 83% 62% 47% 64% 32% 24% 49% 18% 14% Velocity of detonation range 3 (km/s) Density (g/cc) 1 Loose poured Blow loaded Relative effective energy 2 blow loaded Relative weight strength Relative bulk strength to 0.8 g/cc to 0.95 g/cc % 28% 21% % 60% 45% % 129% 97% CO 2 4 (kg/tne) In-hole product characteristics will vary with changes in blasthole diameters, loading systems and pressures. 2 REE is the Effective Energy relative to ANFO at a density of 0.8 g/cm3. ANFO has an effective energy of 2.30 MJ/kg. Energies quoted are based on ideal detonation calculations with a 100Mpa cut-off pressure. Non-ideal detonation energies are also available on request. These take account of blasthole diameter, rock type and explosive reaction behaviour. 3 VOD will depend on application including explosive density blasthole diameter and degree of confinement. The VOD range is based on minimum unconfined and calculated ideal. 4 Carbon Dioxide is the main greenhouse gas produced. The output is calculated assuming ideal detonation. Recommendations for use Either a Senatel packaged explosive cartridge or a Pentex booster, in conjunction with an Exel detonator can reliably initiate Amex LD. The minimum recommended hole diameter for pneumatically loaded Amex LD is 32 mm and for loose poured Amex LD is 76 mm. Velocity of detonation range 3 (km/s) CO 2 4 (kg/tne) Loose poured Blow loaded In-hole product characteristics will vary with changes in blasthole diameters, loading systems and pressures. 2 REE is the Effective Energy relative to ANFO at a density of 0.8 g/cm 3. ANFO has an effective energy of 2.30 MJ/kg. Energies quoted are based on ideal detonation calculations with a 100Mpa cut-off pressure. Non-ideal detonation energies are also available on request. These take account of blasthole diameter, rock type and explosive reaction behaviour. 3 VOD will depend on application including explosive density blasthole diameter and degree of confinement. The VOD range is based on minimum unconfined and calculated ideal. 4 Carbon Dioxide is the main greenhouse gas produced. The output is calculated assuming ideal detonation. Recommendations for use Either a Senatel packaged explosive cartridge or a Pentex booster, in conjunction with an Exel detonator can reliably initiate Impact. The minimum recommended hole diameter for pneumatically loaded Impact 30 & 50 is 32 mm and for free poured Impact 30 & 50 is 102 mm. The minimum recommended hole diameter for pneumatically loaded Impact 100 is 45 mm. Contact your local Orica representative for recommendations on loading large (89 mm or greater) diameter upholes. Fresh Impact 100, less than 2 weeks old, offers the best retention in upholes.

18 32 ORICA MINING SERVICES Underground 33 Packaged Explosives continued Simex is formulated for use in dry blastholes in mildly * reactive environments. The sticky consistency of Simex can assist the retention of the explosive in upholes. Simex can be pneumatically loaded from pressure vessel type loading equipment, however the explosive is not suitable for use with nonpressurised types of pneumatic loading equipment. Simex is available in 10 kg bags. Bulk sizes may be manufactured to order. * The degree of reactivity is determined by AEISG Standard test methods Performance Loose poured Blow loaded Density (g/cc) Relative effective energy 1 Relative weight strength Relative bulk strength to 0.8 g/cc to 0.95 g/cc 98% 98% 74% 109% 130% 98% Velocity of detonation range 2 (km/s) CO 2 3 (kg/tne) REE is the Effective Energy relative to ANFO at a density of 0.8 g/cm 3. ANFO has an effective energy of 2.30 MJ/kg. Energies quoted are based on ideal detonation calculations with a 100Mpa cut-off pressure. Non-ideal detonation energies are also available on request. These take account of blasthole diameter, rock type and explosive reaction behaviour. 2 VOD will depend on application including explosive density blasthole diameter and degree of confinement. The VOD range is based on minimum unconfined and calculated ideal. 3 Carbon Dioxide is the main greenhouse gas produced. The output is calculated assuming ideal detonation. Recommendations for use Either a Senatel Pyromex packaged explosive cartridge or a Pentex booster, in conjunction with an Exel detonator can reliably initiate Simex. The minimum recommended hole diameter for pneumatically loaded Simex is 44 mm and for loose poured product is 76 mm. ** Specialised hot ground blasting products to be used in conjunction with site specific blasting procedures. donor units may not be compatible with hot/high temperature blasting applications. Contact your local orica representative prior to use. All information contained in this brochure is as accurate and up-to-date as possible at the time of publication. Since orica group Companies cannot anticipate or control the conditions under which this information and its products may be used, each user should review the information in the specific context of the intended application. The orica group Companies will not be responsible for damages of any nature resulting from the use or reliance upon the information. no express or implied warranties are given other than those implied mandatory by law. orica Australia Pty Ltd The word orica, the ring device and the orica mark are trademarks of orica group Companies. ABT, Amex, AVM, BudLoader, Cordtex, detlok, develdet, digital energy Control, eclipse, edev, enduradet, exel, HandiLoader, Hypercharge, i-kon, Impact, Magnum, MaxiCharger, MaxiLoader, MiniLoader, Mobile Charging Unit, Pentex, Powerfrag, PowerPlus, Pyromex, rock on ground, rock 2 Spec, Senatel, SHoTPlus-i Ug, SHoTPlus-T, Simex, Stopeprime and Subtek are trademarks of orica explosives Technology Pty Ltd ACn , 1 nicholson Street, east Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

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