politics & global warming, october 2017

Transcription

1 politics & global warming, october 2017

2 Politics & Global Warming, October Table of tents Introduction... 2 Reading Notes... 3 Executive Summary The Politics of Global Warming Beliefs Should the United States Act on Global Warming? Who is Responsible for Action on Global Warming? Support for Policies to Address the Pollution that Causes Global Warming Individual and Collective Action to Reduce Global Warming Appendix I: Data Tables Appendix II: Survey Method Appendix III: Sample Demographics... 56

3 Politics & Global Warming, October Introduction This report is based on findings from a nationally representative survey Climate Change in the American Mind conducted by the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication (climatecommunication.yale.edu) and the George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication (climatechangecommunication.org). Interview dates: October 20 ember 1, Interviews: 1,304 Adults (18+), 1,109 of whom are registered to vote. Average margin of error for both the full sample and registered voter subset: +/- 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level. The research was funded by the 11th Hour Project, the Energy Foundation, the Grantham Foundation, and the MacArthur Foundation. Principal Investigators: Anthony Leiserowitz, PhD Yale Program on Climate Change Communication anthony.leiserowitz@yale.edu Edward Maibach, MPH, PhD George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication emaibach@gmu.edu nie Roser-Renouf, PhD George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication croserre@gmu.edu Seth Rosenthal, PhD Yale Program on Climate Change Communication seth.rosenthal@yale.edu Matthew Cutler, PhD Yale Program on Climate Change Communication matthew.cutler@yale.edu John Kotcher, PhD George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication jkotcher@gmu.edu Cite as: Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., Roser-Renouf, C., Rosenthal, S., Cutler, M., & Kotcher, J. (2017). Politics & Global Warming, October Yale University and George Mason University. New Haven, CT: Yale Program on Climate Change Communication.

4 Politics & Global Warming, October Reading notes This report is based only on registered voters. References to and throughout include respondents who initially identify as either a Republican or Democrat, as well as those who do not initially identify as or but who say they "lean" toward one party or the other in a follow-up question. The category "Independents" does not include any of these "leaners." In all tables and charts, bases specified are unweighted, but percentages are weighted. Weighted percentages among registered voters of each of the groups discussed in this report: Ø (total) including leaners: 47% o Liberal : 26% o Moderate/servative : 21% (Moderate : 17%; servative : 4%) Ø Independents excluding leaners: 10% Ø (total) including leaners: 37% o Moderate : 15% (Liberal : 3%; Moderate : 12%) o servative : 22% Ø No party/not interested in politics/refused: 6% (included in results reported for "All Voters" only) In the appendix tables, note that: -- = 0; * = >0 but <0.5. For tabulation purposes, percentage points are rounded off to the nearest whole number. As a result, percentages in a given chart may total slightly higher or lower than 100%. Summed response categories (e.g., "strongly support" + "somewhat support") are rounded after sums are calculated (e.g., 1.3% + 1.3% = 2.6%, which, after rounding = 3%).

5 Politics & Global Warming, October Executive Summary Drawing on a nationally representative survey (n=1,304; including 1,109 registered voters), this report describes how registered Democratic, Independent, and Republican voters view global warming, climate change and energy policies, and personal and collective action. Global Warming Beliefs and Attitudes Seven in ten registered voters (72%) think global warming is happening, including 97% of liberal, 89% of moderate/conservative and 63% of liberal/moderate, but only 37% of conservative. Belief that global warming is happening has declined among since the 2016 election. A majority of registered voters (54%) think global warming is caused mostly by human activities, including 83% of liberal and 67% of moderate/conservative, but only 41% of liberal/moderate and 21% of conservative. Belief that global warming is mostly human caused has declined among since the 2016 election. A majority of registered voters (63%) are "very" or "somewhat" worried about global warming, including 94% of liberal, 80% of moderate/conservative, and 55% of liberal/moderate, but only 23% of conservative. Worry about global warming has increased among, but has stayed relatively level among in recent years. Climate Change and Energy Policies Most registered voters support a range of policies to promote clean energy and reduce carbon pollution and dependence on fossil fuels. are the most likely to support such policies, but majorities of Independents and support many policies as well. These include: Funding more research into renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power (87% of registered voters, 96% of, 82% of Independents, and 76% of ). Providing tax rebates to people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels (83% of registered voters, 94% of, 74% of Independents, and 71% of ). Regulating carbon dioxide as a pollutant (77% of registered voters, 92% of, 72% of Independents, and 61% of ). Setting strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health, even if the cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase (70% of registered voters, 90% of, 61% of Independents, and 47% of ). Requiring fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and using the money to reduce other taxes (such as income tax) by an equal amount (69% of registered voters, 87% of, 59% of Independents, and 49% of ). Generating renewable energy on public land in the United States (86% of registered voters, 91% of, 81% of Independents, and 81% of ).

6 Politics & Global Warming, October Additionally: Half of registered voters support expanding drilling for oil and natural gas off the U.S. coast (51% of registered voters, 35% of, 47% of Independents, and 72% of ). About four in ten registered voters support drilling and mining for coal, oil, and natural gas on public land in the U.S. (44% of registered voters, 26% of, 49% of Independents, and 66% of ). Only three in ten registered voters support drilling for oil in Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (29% of registered voters, 15% of, 32% of Independents, and 46% of. More than eight in ten registered voters think the budget for the Environmental Protection Agency's work on global warming should either be increased (54%) or kept the same (28%). Only 16% of registered voters think the budget should be reduced. Only 4% of, 21% of Independents, and 32% of think the EPA's global warming budget should be reduced. A majority of registered voters (63%) think the federal government should be doing more to protect people from the impacts of global warming, such as flooding, drought, and heat waves. This includes nearly nine in ten (88%), about half of Independents (53%), and one in three (33%). Three in four registered voters (76%) support U.S. participation in the Paris Climate Agreement, including almost all (94%), two in three Independents (67%), and the majority of (56%). A majority of registered voters (63%) oppose the United States' decision to pull out of the Paris Climate Agreement, including 85% of and 58% of Independents, but only 38% of. A majority of registered voters (62%) think protecting the environment improves economic growth and provides new jobs. An additional 21% think protecting the environment has no effect on economic growth or jobs. By contrast, only 16% think protecting the environment reduces growth and costs jobs. servative are the only political group more likely to think protecting the environment reduces growth and jobs (39%) versus improves it (32%). When there is a conflict between environmental protection and economic growth, 75% of registered voters think environmental protection is more important, including nine in ten (92%), two in three Independents (67%), and more than half of (54%). A large majority of registered voters (79%, including 96% of, 77% of Independents, and 58% of ) say that schools should teach children about the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to global warming. Acting on Global Warming Most registered voters say that a range of actors in government, industry, and civil society should be doing more to address global warming, regardless of what other countries do.

7 Politics & Global Warming, October Across party lines, a majority of registered voters say corporations and industry should do more to address global warming (74% of registered voters; 93% of, 71% of Independents, and 52% of ). At least half of registered voters including, Independents, and liberal/moderate, but not conservative think citizens, the U.S. gress, their own member of gress, or their local government officials should do more to address global warming. Half or more and Independents think President Trump and their governor should do more. Eight in ten think the media should do more. A majority of registered voters (56%) think global warming should be a high or very high priority for the president and gress, including more than four out of five (84%), but fewer Independents (44%), and only about one in four (23%). Most registered voters (69%) think the United States should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, regardless of what other countries do. Majorities of liberal (92%), moderate/conservative (80%), and liberal/moderate (59%) take this position, as well as four in ten conservative (41%). Individual and Collective Action More voters say they are willing to advocate for climate policy with their elected representatives than have actually done so. About four in ten registered voters are participating in (2%), or would definitely (12%) or probably (24%) participate, in a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming (59% of, 29% of Independents, but only 14% of ). However, only about one-third of that number (12%) say they have actually contacted an elected official during the past 12 months to urge them to take action to reduce global warming, although the rate is much higher among liberal (30%). A majority of registered voters (53%) would vote for a candidate for public office because of their position on global warming (76% of, 44% of Independents, and 30% of ). About a third of registered voters say that, if asked by someone they like and respect, they would donate money to an organization working on global warming (37%), contact an elected official about global warming (35%), volunteer for an organization working on global warming (34%), or meet with an elected official or their staff about global warming (31%). About one in five registered voters have posted comments online about global warming (21%), or volunteered with or donated money to an organization working to reduce global warming (19%). One in twelve have attended a community meeting or rally about global warming (8%). One third of registered voters (34%) think elected officials are influenced by the advocacy actions of citizens when considering policies to reduce global warming, and three in ten (31%) think officials are influenced by citizens' actions when deciding whether to repeal environmental protections.

8 Politics & Global Warming, October The Politics of Global Warming Beliefs 1.1. Seven in ten registered voters think global warming is happening. Seven in ten registered voters (72%) think global warming is happening. This includes nearly all liberal (97%; six percentage points higher than in our first survey in 2008), about nine in ten moderate/conservative (89%; eight points higher than in 2008), and a majority of liberal/moderate (63%). In contrast, fewer than half of conservative (37%) think global warming is happening 13 percentage points lower than in 2008, and 9 points lower than one year ago, just after the election of President Trump. (see Table, pp ). Seven In Ten Voters Think Global Warming Is Happening All Reg Voters Lib Ds Ds Lib/Mod Rs Rs 100% 75% 97% 91% 89% 81% 71% 72% 50% 25% 62% 63% 50% 37% 0% 11/08 1/10 6/10 5/11 11/11 3/12 9/12 4/13 11/13 4/14 10/14 3/15 10/15 3/16 11/16 5/17 10/17 Do you think global warming is happening? [% responding yes ] October Base: American Voters.

9 Politics & Global Warming, October A majority of registered voters think global warming is caused mostly by human activities. A majority of registered voters (54%) think global warming is caused mostly by human activities. This includes a large majority of liberal (83%; five percentage points higher than in our first survey in 2008, but four percentage points lower than in our previous survey in May 2017 see Table, pp ). A majority of moderate/conservative (67%) also think global warming is mostly human-caused. Fewer than half of liberal/moderate (41%; 11 points lower than in 2008) think global warming is caused mostly by human activities. Only two in ten conservative (21%) think global warming is mostly human-caused, a decrease of nine points since May. A Majority of Voters Think Global Warming Is Caused Mostly By Human Activities All Reg Voters Lib Ds Ds Lib/Mod Rs Rs 100% 75% 50% 83% 78% 64% 67% 55% 54% 52% 41% 25% 28% 21% 0% 11/08 1/10 6/10 5/11 11/11 3/12 9/12 4/13 11/13 4/14 10/14 3/15 10/15 3/16 11/16 5/17 10/17 Assuming global warming is happening, do you think it is? (a) caused mostly by human activities; (b) caused mostly by natural changes in the environment; (c) Other (please specify); (d) None of the above because global warming isn t happening. [% responding caused mostly by human activities ] October Base: American Voters.

10 Politics & Global Warming, October About six in ten registered voters are worried about global warming. A majority of registered voters (63%; eight points higher than in our previous survey in May, 2017; see Table, pp ) are "very" or "somewhat" worried about global warming. This includes large majorities of liberal (94%; eight points higher than in May) and moderate/conservative (80%; also an eight-point increase). More than half of liberal/moderate (55%; 12 points higher than in May) are worried about global warming. About one in four conservative (23%) are worried about global warming. About Six in Ten Voters Are Worried About Global Warming - % who say very or somewhat worried - All Reg Voters Lib Ds Ds Lib/Mod Rs Rs 100% 75% 50% 25% 82% 74% 62% 61% 31% 94% 80% 63% 55% 23% 0% 11/08 1/10 6/10 5/11 11/11 3/12 9/12 4/13 11/13 4/14 10/14 3/15 10/15 3/16 11/16 5/17 10/17 How worried are you about global warming? October Base: American Voters.

11 Politics & Global Warming, October Should the United States Act on Global Warming? 2.1. Seven in ten registered voters say the United States should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, regardless of what other countries do. Most registered voters think the United States should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, regardless of what other countries do (69%). Majorities of liberal (92%), moderate/conservative (80%), and liberal/moderate (59%) take this position, as well as four in ten conservative (41%). Only 5% of registered voters (including only 1% of and 4% of Independents, but 12% of ) say the United States should not reduce its emissions (see Table, p. 37). Seven in Ten Voters Say the U.S. Should Reduce Its Greenhouse Gas Emissions Regardless of What Other Countries Do The U.S. should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions regardless of what other countries do 100% 87% 92% 80% 75% 69% 65% 59% 50% 48% 41% 25% 0% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) Lib D (n=289) D Lib/Mod R (n=212) (n=165) R (n=271) The United States should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions (a) regardless of what other counties do; (b) only if other industrialized countries reduce their emissions; (c) only if other industrialized and developing countries reduce their emissions; (d) The U.S. should not reduce its emissions; (e) don t know. October Base: American Voters.

12 Politics & Global Warming, October voters across the political spectrum support U.S. participation in the Paris Climate Agreement In December 2015, officials from 197 countries (nearly every country in the world) met in Paris at the United Nations Climate Change ference and negotiated a global agreement to limit global warming. On Earth Day, April 2016, the United States and 174 other countries signed the agreement, with all of the other countries following suit since then. On June 1, 2017, President Trump announced that the United States will withdraw from the agreement. In direct contrast to President Trump's decision, three in four registered voters (76%) support U.S. participation in the Paris Climate Agreement. Support ranges across most of the political spectrum, including a large majority of (94%, including 98% of liberal ), two in three Independents (67%), and the majority of (56%, including 43% of conservative ). Similarly, the majority of registered voters (63%) oppose the United States' decision to pull out of the Paris Climate Agreement, including 85% of and 58% of Independents, but only 38% of. Voters Across the Political Spectrum Support U.S. Participation in the Paris Climate Agreement SUPPORT the U.S.'s participation in the Paris Climate Agreement 76% DEM Lib Dem Dem IND REP Lib/ Mod Rep Rep (503) (289) (212) (118) (437) (165) (271) % % % % % % % OPPOSE the U.S.'s decision to pull out of the Paris Climate Agreement 63% In 2015, the U.S. signed an international agreement in Paris with 196 other countries to limit the pollution that cases global warming. Do you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose, or strongly oppose the U.S. s participation in the Paris agreement The U.S. is the world s second largest emitter of the pollution that causes global warming. The U.S. recently announced its decision to pull out of the Paris Agreement, but all other countries responded that they remain committed to the agreement. Do you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose, or strongly oppose the U.S. s decision to pull out of the Paris agreement? October Base: American Voters. See Data Tables for base sizes.

13 Politics & Global Warming, October Who is Responsible for Action on Global Warming? 3.1. Three in four registered voters want corporations and industry to do more to address global warming. Voters also want more action from citizens and government. Across party lines, a majority of registered voters say corporations and industry should do more to address global warming (74% of all registered voters; 93% of, 71% of Independents, and 52% of ). Half or more of registered voters, including, Independents, and liberal/moderate, but not conservative, think citizens, the U.S. gress, their own member of gress, or their local government officials should do more to address global warming. Half or more and Independents think President Trump and their governor should also do more, and most think the media should do more. Three in Four Voters Want Corporations and Industry To Do More to Address Global Warming - % who say should be doing much more or more - Dem IND REP Lib/ Mod Rep DEM Lib Dem Rep (503) (289) (212) (118) (437) (165) (271) % % % % % % % Corporations and industry Citizens themselves U.S. gress President Trump Your member of gress Your local government officials Your governor The media 74% 69% 65% 63% 62% 60% 58% 55% Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? October Base: American Voters (N=1,109).

14 Politics & Global Warming, October A majority of registered voters think global warming should be a "high" or "very high" priority for the president and gress. A majority of registered voters (56%) think global warming should be a high or very high priority for the president and gress, including more than four out of five (84%), but fewer Independents (44%) and (23%). Liberal are more than seven times more likely than conservative to think global warming should be a priority (90% versus 12%, respectively). A Majority of Voters Think Global Warming Should Be a High or Very High Priority For the President and gress - % who say high or very high priority - 100% 75% 84% 90% 76% 56% 50% 44% 41% 25% 23% 12% 0% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) Lib D (n=289) D (n=212) Lib/Mod R (n=165) R (n=271) Do you think global warming should be a low, medium, high, or very high priority for the president and gress? October Base: American Voters.

15 Politics & Global Warming, October Support for Policies to Address the Pollution that Causes Global Warming 4.1. voters, except conservative, support setting strict carbon dioxide emission limits on coal-fired power plants. Seven in ten registered voters (70%) support setting strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health, even if the cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase. A majority of (90%) and Independents (61%) support setting strict limits. Fewer than four in ten (37%) conservative support such limits. Voters, Except servative, Support Setting Strict CO 2 Emission Limits on Existing Coal-Fired Power Plants 100% - % who strongly or somewhat support - 90% 97% 84% 75% 70% 61% 64% 50% 47% 37% 25% 0% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) Lib D (n=289) D (n=212) Lib/Mod R (n=165) R (n=271) How much do you support or oppose the following policy? Set strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health. Power plants would have to reduce their emissions and/or invest in renewable energy and energy efficiency. The cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase. October Base: American Voters.

16 Politics & Global Warming, October voters, except conservative, support requiring fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax. About seven in ten registered voters (69%) support requiring fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and using the money to reduce other taxes (such as income tax) by an equal amount a plan often referred to as a "revenue neutral carbon tax." A large majority of (87%), about six in ten Independents (59%), and six in ten liberal/moderate (60%) support a revenue-neutral carbon tax. About four in ten conservative (43%) support such a tax. Voters, Except servative, Support Requiring Fossil Fuel Companies to Pay a Carbon Tax - % who strongly or somewhat support - 100% 87% 92% 81% 75% 50% 69% 59% 49% 60% 43% 25% 0% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) Lib D (n=289) D (n=212) Lib/Mod R (n=165) R (n=271) How much do you support or oppose the following policy? Require fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and use the money to reduce other taxes (such as income tax) by an equal amount. October Base: American Voters.

17 Politics & Global Warming, October voters support diverse climate-friendly energy policies. voters support diverse energy policies, including many designed to reduce carbon pollution and dependence on fossil fuels, and to promote clean energy. are the most likely to support such policies, but majorities of Independents and do as well. Majorities across the political spectrum support: Funding more research into renewable energy sources: 87% of registered voters, 96% of, 82% of Independents, and 76% of. Generating renewable energy on public land in the United States: 86% of registered voters, 91% of, 81% of Independents, and 81% of. Providing tax rebates to people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels: 83% of registered voters, 94% of, 74% of Independents, and 71% of. Regulating carbon dioxide as a pollutant: 77% of registered voters, 92% of, 72% of Independents, and 61% of. Majorities of conservative support funding more research into renewable energy (70%), generating renewable energy on public lands (78%), providing tax rebates to people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels (67%), and regulating carbon dioxide as a pollutant (55%). Voters Support Diverse Climate-Friendly Energy Policies - % who say strongly or somewhat support policy - All Reg Voters Lib Ind (Unweighted base) (1,109) (503) (289) (212) (118) (437) (165) (271) Lib/ Mod Fund more research into renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power Generate renewable energy (solar and wind) on public land in the U.S. Provide tax rebates for people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels Regulate carbon dioxide (the primary greenhouse gas) as a pollutant Require electric utilities to produce at least 20% of their electricity from renewables, even if it costs the average household an extra $100/year How much do you support or oppose the following policies? October Base: American Voters.

18 Politics & Global Warming, October Many registered voters, particularly, support fossil-fuel production policies. Half of registered voters (51%) support expanding offshore drilling for oil and natural gas off the U.S. coast, including 72% of, 47% of Independents, and 35% of. Fewer registered voters (44%) support drilling and mining for fossil fuels on public land in the U.S., including 66% of and 49% of Independents, but only 26% of. By contrast, fewer registered voters (29%) support drilling for oil in Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), while a large majority (69%) oppose it (see Table, p. 46). More than half of conservative (58%) support this policy, but liberal/moderate (29%), Independents (32%), and (15%) are much less likely to support oil drilling in ANWR. Many Voters, Particularly, Support Fossil-Fuel Production Policies - % who say strongly or somewhat support policy - All Reg Voters Lib Ind (Unweighted base) (1,109) (503) (289) (212) (118) (437) (165) (271) Lib/ Mod Expand offshore drilling for oil and natural gas off the U.S. coast Drill and mine for fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) on public land in the U.S Drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge How much do you support or oppose the following policies? October Base: American Voters.

19 Politics & Global Warming, October A majority of registered voters think the EPA's global warming budget should be increased. More than eight in ten registered voters think the budget for the Environmental Protection Agency's work on global warming should be increased (54%) or kept the same (28%). Only 16% of registered voters think the budget should be reduced. Nearly all think the EPA's global warming budget should either be increased (81%) or kept the same (14%), as do almost eight in ten Independents (increased = 43%; kept the same = 36%). Two in three think the EPA's global warming budget should either be increased (26%) or kept the same (41%), including a majority of conservative who think the EPA's global warming budget should either be increased (17%) or kept the same (39%). A Majority of Voters Think The EPA s Global Warming Budget Should Be Increased 100% 75% Increased (a lot/some) Kept the same Reduced (a lot/some) 81% 86% 76% 54% 50% 25% 0% 28% 16% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) 14% 4% Dem (n=503) 43% 36% Ind (n=118) 26% 21% 41% 32% Rep (n=437) 20% 10% 4% 3% Lib D (n=289) D (n=212) 40% 42% Lib/Mod R (n=165) 17% 17% 42% 39% R (n=271) Do you think the budget for the Environmental Agency s (EPA s) work on global warming should be increased, decreased, or kept the same as it has been in recent years? October Base: American Voters.

20 Politics & Global Warming, October A majority of registered voters think the federal government should do more to protect people from global warming's impacts. A solid majority of registered voters (63%) think the federal government should be doing more to protect people from the impacts of global warming, such as flooding, drought, and heat waves. This includes nearly nine in ten (88%), about half of Independents (53%), and one in three (33%). A Majority of Voters Think The Federal Government Should Do More to Protect People From Global Warming s Impacts - % who say the federal government should do a lot or somewhat more - 100% 88% 92% 85% 75% 63% 50% 53% 51% 33% 25% 22% 0% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) Lib D (n=289) D (n=212) Lib/Mod R (n=165) R (n=271) Do you think the federal government should be doing more, less, or about the same amount as it is doing now to protect people from the impacts of global warming, such as flooding, drought, and heat waves? October Base: American Voters.

21 Politics & Global Warming, October A majority of registered voters think protecting the environment improves economic growth and provides new jobs. A solid majority of registered voters (62%) think protecting the environment improves economic growth and provides new jobs. An additional 21% think protecting the environment has no effect on economic growth or jobs. By contrast, only 16% think protecting the environment reduces growth and costs jobs. are the most likely to think that protecting the environment improves growth and jobs (81%). About half of Independents (49%) and four in ten (43%, including 59% of liberal/moderate ) also agree. servative are the only political group more likely to think protecting the environment reduces growth and jobs (39%) versus improves it (32%). A Majority of Voters Think Protecting the Environment Improves Economic Growth and Provides New Jobs 100% 75% Improves growth & jobs No effect Reduces growth & jobs 81% 87% 76% 62% 59% 50% 25% 0% 21% 16% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) 14% 5% Dem (n=503) 49% 43% 30% 27% 27% 23% Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) 10% 3% Lib D (n=289) 17% 7% D (n=212) 32% 29% 25% 15% Lib/Mod R (n=165) 39% R (n=271) Do you think that protecting the environment: (a) improves economic growth and provides new jobs, (b) reduces economic growth and costs jobs, (c) has no effect on economic growth or jobs? October Base: American Voters.

22 Politics & Global Warming, October Three in four registered voters think protecting the environment is more important than economic growth. When there is a conflict between environmental protection and economic growth, 75% of registered voters think environmental protection is more important. This is true across most of the political spectrum, with nine in ten (92%), two in three Independents (67%), and more than half of (54%, 64% of liberal/moderate ) in agreement. Only conservative are split half (50%) think economic growth is more important while slightly fewer (47%) think environmental protection is more important. Three In Four Voters Think Protecting The Environment Is More Important Than Economic Growth 100% 92% 97% 88% 75% 75% 67% 64% 50% 54% 43% 50% 47% 25% 24% 31% 34% 7% 3% 11% 0% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) Protecting the environment Lib D (n=289) D (n=212) Economic growth Lib/Mod R (n=165) R (n=271) When there is a conflict between environmental protection and economic growth, which do you think is more important? October Base: American Voters.

23 Politics & Global Warming, October About four in five registered voters say schools should teach children about global warming. The Next Generation Science Standards for K-12 STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education in the United States 1 require that climate change be included in the curriculum, a mandate that is controversial in some parts of the country. A large majority of registered voters (79%) support schools teaching children about the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to global warming. Support largely spans the political spectrum with nearly all (96%), about three in four Independents (77%), and a majority of (58%, 73% of liberal/moderate ) saying they support teaching about global warming. Only conservative are split, with 49% supporting teaching about global warming in schools and 50% opposing it. About Four In Five Voters Say Schools Should Teach Children About Global Warming - % who agree strongly or somewhat - 100% 96% 97% 95% 75% 79% 77% 73% 50% 58% 49% 25% 0% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) Lib D (n=289) D (n=212) Lib/Mod R (n=165) R (n=271) How much do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Schools should teach our children about the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to global warming. October Base: American Voters. 1 The Next Generation Science Standards were developed by a collaboration of scientists and educators at the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences; the American Academy for the Advancement of Science; the National Teacher s Association; 26 states; and Achieve (a non-profit organization). Released in 2013, the standards represent the most current, research-based method of educating K-12 students in STEM and preparing them for STEM careers. See:

24 Politics & Global Warming, October Individual and Collective Action to Reduce Global Warming 5.1. A majority of registered voters think people can affect what the government does about global warming. Perceptions of collective efficacy regarding global warming the belief that like-minded citizens can work together to influence government action on global warming is an important motivator for individuals to take action. 2 A majority of registered voters (55%) think that people like them, working together, can affect what the government does about global warming "a great deal" (8%), "a lot" (14%), or "a moderate amount" (33%). About seven in ten (69%), half of Independents (49%), and four in ten (43%) think people can affect what the government does about global warming. A Majority of Voters Think People Can Affect What the Government Does About Global Warming - % who say a great deal, a lot, or a moderate amount - 100% 75% 50% 55% 69% 49% 43% 75% 62% 43% 42% 25% 0% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) Ind (n=118) Rep (n=437) Lib D (n=289) D (n=212) Lib/Mod R (n=165) R (n=271) How much can people like you, working together, affect what the government does about global warming? October Base: American Voters. 2 Bandura, A. (2000). Exercise of human agency through collective efficacy. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9(3), DOI:

25 Politics & Global Warming, October Only three in ten registered voters think elected officials decisions about repealing environmental policies are influenced by citizens' advocacy actions. Only one in three registered voters (34%) think elected officials are influenced by the advocacy actions of citizens when considering policies to reduce global warming, and three in ten (31%) think officials are influenced by citizens' actions when deciding whether to repeal environmental protections. Liberal are the most likely to think so (39% and 36% respectively) while conservative are the least likely to think so (31% and 27% respectively). Only Three in Ten Voters Think Elected Officials Decisions About Repealing Environmental Policies Are Influenced By Citizens Advocacy Actions - % who say citizens can influence elected officials a great deal or a moderate amount - Elected officials are influenced by citizens' actions regarding policies to reduce global warming 34% DEM Lib Dem Dem IND REP Lib/ Mod Rep Rep (503) (289) (212) (118) (437) (165) (271) % % % % % % % Elected officials are influenced by citizens' actions regarding repeal of environmental protections 31% When elected officials are considering policies to reduce global warming, how much do you think they are influenced by the actions of citizens (for example, rallies, marches, petitions, phone calls, s, and letters)? When elected officials are deciding whether to repeal environmental protections, how much do you think they are influenced by the actions of citizens (for example, rallies, marches, petitions, phone calls, s, and letters)? October Base: American Voters (n=1,109).

26 Politics & Global Warming, October A majority of registered voters say they would vote for a candidate because of their position on global warming. The majority of registered voters say they would vote for a candidate for public office because of their position on global warming (53%), including a large majority of (76%), but only a minority of Independents (44%) and Republican (30%). Three in ten registered voters or more say they would donate money to an organization working on global warming (37%), write letters, , or phone government officials about global warming (35%), volunteer their time to an organization working on global warming (34%), or meet with elected officials or their staff about global warming (31%). would be most likely to take these actions. Independents and are less likely. A Majority of Voters Would Vote For a Candidate Because of Their Position On Global Warming - % who say definitely or probably would - All Reg Voters Lib Ind (Unweighted base) (1,109) (503) (289) (212) (118) (437) (165) (271) Lib/ Mod Vote for a candidate for public office because of their position on global warming Donate money to an organization working on global warming Write letters, , or phone government officials about global warming Volunteer your time to an organization working on global warming Meet with an elected official or their staff about global warming How likely would you be to do each of the following things if a person you like and respect asked you to? October Base: American Voters.

27 Politics & Global Warming, October Few registered voters have urged an elected official to take action to reduce global warming during the past 12 months. Three in ten liberal have done so. Only one in eight registered voters (12%) say they have contacted an elected official during the past 12 months to urge them to take action to reduce global warming. However, about one in five (20%), including three in ten liberal (30%) say they have done so. Eight percent of both Independents and moderate/conservative also say they have done this. Just 3% of say they have done so. Few Voters Have Urged An Elected Official To Take Action To Reduce Global Warming During the Past 12 Months - Three in ten liberal have done so - 50% 30% 25% 20% 0% 12% All Reg Voters (n=1,109) Dem (n=503) 8% Ind (n=118) 3% Rep (n=437) Lib D (n=289) 8% D (n=212) 7% Lib/Mod R (n=165) 1% R (n=271) (a) Over the past 12 months, how many times have you written letters, ed, or phones government officials about global warming? (b) [If one or more times] When you contacted a government official, did you [urge them to take action to reduce global warming]? October Base: American Voters.

28 Politics & Global Warming, October About four in ten voters say they are participating in, or would join, a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming. About four in ten registered voters (38%) are participating (2%), or would definitely (12%) or probably (24%) participate, in a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming, an increase of seven percentage points since our previous survey in May 2017 (see Table, p. 53). This includes about six in ten (59%, +10 points), including 75% of liberal (+16 points) and 38% of moderate/conservative (-1 point). Three in ten Independents (29%; -1 point) and 14% of (+3 points; 25% of liberal/moderate, +10 points; 6% of conservative, -4 points) are participating in, or would join, such a campaign. About Four In Ten Voters Are Participating In, Or Would Join, a Campaign to vince Elected Officials to Take Action to Reduce Global Warming 100% Participating now Definitely would Probably would 75% 59% 75% 50% 25% 0% 45% 38% 38% 35% 29% 24% 21% 25% 19% 14% 24% 21% 20% 1% 12% 17% 6% 2% 3% 9% 11% 1% 1% 5% 3% 1% 2% All Reg Dem Ind Rep Lib D D Lib/Mod R R Voters (n=503) (n=118) (n=437) (n=289) (n=212) (n=165) (n=271) (n=1,109) How willing or unwilling would you be to join a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming? October Base: American Voters.

29 Politics & Global Warming, October One in five registered voters say they have volunteered with or donated money to an organization working to reduce global warming. One in five registered voters (19%), including 29% of and 21% of Independents, say they have volunteered with or donated money to an organization working to reduce global warming over the past 12 months. Similarly, 20% (29% of and 25% of Independents) say they have posted a comment online about global warming. Fewer than one in ten (8%, including 13% of ) say they have attended a community meeting or rally about global warming. One In Five Voters Have Volunteered With Or Donated Money To an Organization Working To Reduce Global Warming Have done one or more times in the past 12 months Posted a comment online about global warming 21% DEM Lib Dem Dem IND REP Lib/ Mod Rep Rep (503) (289) (212) (118) (437) (165) (271) % % % % % % % Volunteered with/donated money to a [global warming] organization 19% Attended a community meeting/rally about global warming 8% Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done the following? Posted a comment online in response to a news story or blog about global warming. Volunteered with or donated money to an organization working to reduce global warming. Attended a community meeting or rally about global warming. October Base: American Voters (N=1,109).

30 Politics & Global Warming, October Appendix I: Data Tables (Base: American Voters 18+) Recently, you may have noticed that global warming has been getting some attention in the news. Global warming refers to the idea that the world s average temperature has been increasing over the past 150 years, may be increasing more in the future, and that the world s climate may change as a result. What do you think: Do you think that global warming is happening? (Unweighted base) Oct 2017 May March 2016 Oct 2015 March 2015 Oct 2014 April April 2013 Sept 2012 March May 2011 June 2010 Jan All Voters (1,109) (1,070) (1,061) (1,004) (1,070) (1,025) (1,045) (860) (669) (889) (885) (849) (813) (827) (857) (856) (2,203) % Yes No Don t know (503) (459) (469) (451) (458) (441) (443) (399) (295) (389) (402) (378) (369) (359) (388) (330) (971) Yes No Don t know Liberal (289) (240) (239) (249) (254) (206) (214) (201) (144) (186) (208) (168) (160) (165) (162) (136) (459) Yes No Don t know Moderate/ servative (212) (219) (227) (200) (204) (231) (227) (197) (150) (200) (191) (209) (205) (191) (224) (193) (503) Yes No Don t know

31 Politics & Global Warming, October (Base: American Voters 18+) Recently, you may have noticed that global warming has been getting some attention in the news. Global warming refers to the idea that the world s average temperature has been increasing over the past 150 years, may be increasing more in the future, and that the world s climate may change as a result. What do you think: Do you think that global warming is happening? (t d.) (Unweighted base) Oct 2017 May March 2016 Oct 2015 March 2015 Oct 2014 April April 2013 Sept 2012 March May 2011 June 2010 Jan % Independents (118) (120) (97) (103) (109) (102) (117) (85) (77) (92) (82) (84) (79) (79) (86) (96) (218) Yes No Don t know (437) (442) (455) (399) (443) (428) (421) (334) (255) (374) (363) (322) (303) (333) (333) (357) (913) Yes No Don t know Moderate/ Liberal (165) (127) (143) (132) (137) (119) (126) (103) (72) (103) (100) (92) (93) (91) (82) (102) (304) Yes No Don t know servative (271) (313) (310) (267) (304) (307) (295) (228) (183) (271) (263) (229) (206) (241) (249) (251) (604) Yes No Don t know

32 Politics & Global Warming, October (Base: American Voters 18+) Assuming global warming is happening, do you think it is (Unweighted base) Oct 2017 May March 2016 Oct 2015 March 2015 Oct 2014 April April 2013 Sept 2012 March May 2011 June 2010 Jan All Voters (1,109) (1,070) (1,061) (1,004) (1,070) (1,025) (1,045) (860) (669) (889) (885) (849) (813) (827) (857) (856) (2,203) % Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Neither because global warming isn t happening Other (please specify), caused by human activities and natural changes Other (please specify), unclassified (503) (459) (469) (451) (458) (441) (443) (399) (295) (389) (402) (378) (369) (359) (388) (330) (971) Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Neither because global warming isn t happening Other (please specify), caused by human activities and natural changes Other (please specify), unclassified * * 1 * * 2 * * * * 1

33 Politics & Global Warming, October (Base: American Voters 18+) Assuming global warming is happening, do you think it is (t d.) (Unweighted base) Oct 2017 May March 2016 Oct 2015 March 2015 Oct 2014 April April 2013 Sept 2012 March May 2011 June 2010 Jan % Liberal Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Neither because global warming isn t happening Other (please specify), caused by human activities and natural changes Other (please specify), unclassified Moderate/ servative Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Neither because global warming isn t happening Other (please specify), caused by human activities and natural changes Other (please specify), unclassified (289) (240) (239) (249) (254) (206) (214) (201) (144) (186) (208) (168) (160) (165) (162) (136) (459) * 4 * * * * 1 * * -- 2 * * (212) (219) (227) (200) (204) (231) (227) (197) (150) (200) (191) (209) (205) (191) (224) (193) (503) * * 2 * * * 1 1

34 Politics & Global Warming, October (Base: American Voters 18+) Assuming global warming is happening, do you think it is (t d.) (Unweighted base) Oct 2017 May March 2016 Oct 2015 March 2015 Oct 2014 April April 2013 Sept 2012 March May 2011 June 2010 Jan % Independents (118) (120) (97) (103) (109) (102) (117) (85) (77) (92) (82) (84) (79) (79) (86) (96) (218) Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Neither because global warming isn t happening Other (please specify), caused by human activities and natural changes Other (please specify), unclassified Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Neither because global warming isn t happening Other (please specify), caused by human activities and natural changes Other (please specify), unclassified (437) (442) (455) (399) (443) (428) (421) (334) (255) (374) (363) (322) (303) (333) (333) (357) (913) *

35 Politics & Global Warming, October (Base: American Voters 18+) Assuming global warming is happening, do you think it is (t d.) (Unweighted base) Oct 2017 May March 2016 Oct 2015 March 2015 Oct 2014 April April 2013 Sept 2012 March May 2011 June 2010 Jan % Moderate/ Liberal Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Neither because global warming isn t happening Other (please specify), caused by human activities and natural changes Other (please specify), unclassified servative Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Neither because global warming isn t happening Other (please specify), caused by human activities and natural changes Other (please specify), unclassified (165) (127) (143) (132) (137) (119) (126) (103) (72) (103) (100) (92) (93) (91) (82) (102) (304) * (271) (313) (310) (267) (304) (307) (295) (228) (183) (271) (263) (229) (206) (241) (249) (251) (604) * 1 1 *

36 Politics & Global Warming, October (Base: American Voters 18+) How worried are you about global warming? (Unweighted base) Oct 2017 May March 2016 Oct 2015 March 2015 Oct 2014 April April 2013 Sept 2012 March May 2011 June 2010 Jan All Voters (1,109) (1,070) (1,061) (1,004) (1,070) (1,025) (1,045) (860) (669) (889) (885) (849) (813) (827) (857) (856) (2,203) % Very worried Somewhat worried Not very worried Not at all worried (503) (459) (469) (451) (458) (441) (443) (399) (295) (389) (402) (378) (369) (359) (388) (330) (971) Very worried Somewhat worried Not very worried Not at all worried Liberal (289) (240) (239) (249) (254) (206) (214) (201) (144) (186) (208) (168) (160) (165) (162) (136) (459) Very worried Somewhat worried Not very worried Not at all worried Moderate/ servative (212) (219) (227) (200) (204) (231) (227) (197) (150) (200) (191) (209) (205) (191) (224) (193) (503) Very worried Somewhat worried Not very worried Not at all worried

37 Politics & Global Warming, October (Base: American Voters 18+) How worried are you about global warming? (t d.) (Unweighted base) Oct 2017 May March 2016 Oct 2015 March 2015 Oct 2014 April April 2013 Sept 2012 March May 2011 June 2010 Jan % Independents (118) (120) (97) (103) (109) (102) (117) (85) (77) (92) (82) (84) (79) (79) (86) (96) (218) Very worried Somewhat worried Not very worried Not at all worried (437) (442) (455) (399) (443) (428) (421) (334) (255) (374) (363) (322) (303) (333) (333) (357) (913) Very worried Somewhat worried Not very worried Not at all worried Moderate/ Liberal (165) (127) (143) (132) (137) (119) (126) (103) (72) (103) (100) (92) (93) (91) (82) (102) (304) Very worried Somewhat worried Not very worried Not at all worried servative (271) (313) (310) (267) (304) (307) (295) (228) (183) (271) (263) (229) (206) (241) (249) (251) (604) Very worried Somewhat worried Not very worried Not at all worried

38 Politics & Global Warming, October The United States should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions... Voters Liberal Other Mod Regardless of what other countries do Only if other industrialized countries (such as England, Germany, and Japan) reduce their emissions Only if other industrialized countries and developing countries (such as China, India, and Brazil) reduce their emissions The U.S. should not reduce its emissions * Don't know In 2015, the United States signed an international agreement in Paris with 196 other countries to limit the pollution that causes global warming. Do you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose, or strongly oppose the U.S.'s participation in the Paris Agreement? Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose 12 1 *

39 Politics & Global Warming, October The U.S. is the world's second largest emitter of the pollution that causes global warming. The U.S. recently announced its decision to pull out of the Paris Agreement, but all other countries responded that they remain committed to the agreement. Do you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose or strongly oppose the U.S.'s decision to pull out of the Paris Agreement? [split sample] Voters Liberal Other Mod Unweighted Base (581) (268) (135) (132) (55) (235) (96) (138) Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? Corporations and industry Voters Liberal Other Mod Much more/more Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much less/less Less Much Less

40 Politics & Global Warming, October Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? (t d.) Citizens themselves Voters Liberal Other Mod Much more/more Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much less/less Less Much Less The U.S. gress Voters Liberal Other Mod Much more/more Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much less/less Less Much Less President Trump Voters Liberal Other Mod Much more/more Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much less/less Less Much Less

41 Politics & Global Warming, October Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? (t d.) Your member of gress Voters Liberal Other Mod Much more/more Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much less/less Less Much Less Your local government officials Voters Liberal Other Mod Much more/more Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much less/less Less Much Less 7 1 * Your governor Voters Liberal Other Mod Much more/more Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much less/less Less Much Less

42 Politics & Global Warming, October Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? (t d.) The media Voters Liberal Other Mod Much more/more Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much less/less Less Much Less Do you think global warming should be a low, medium, high, or very high priority for the president and gress? Voters Liberal Other Mod Low Medium High Very High

43 Politics & Global Warming, October How much do you support or oppose the following policies? Set strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health. Power plants would have to reduce their emissions and/or invest in renewable energy and energy efficiency. The cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Require fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and use the money to reduce other taxes (such as income tax) by an equal amount. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

44 Politics & Global Warming, October How much do you support or oppose the following policies? (t d.) Fund more research into renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Generate renewable energy (solar and wind) on public land in the U.S. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose 4 1 *

45 Politics & Global Warming, October How much do you support or oppose the following policies? (t d.) Provide tax rebates for people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Regulate carbon dioxide (the primary greenhouse gas) as a pollutant. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose 8 2 *

46 Politics & Global Warming, October How much do you support or oppose the following policies? (t d.) Require electric utilities to produce at least 20% of their electricity from wind, solar, or other renewable energy sources, even if it costs the average household an extra $100 a year. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Expand offshore drilling for oil and natural gas off the U.S. coast. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

47 Politics & Global Warming, October How much do you support or oppose the following policies? (t d.) Drill for and mine fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) on public land in the U.S. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

48 Politics & Global Warming, October Do you think the budget for the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) work on global warming should be increased, decreased, or kept the same as it has been in recent years? Voters Liberal Other Mod Increased a lot Increased some Kept the same Decreased some Decreased a lot * Do you think the federal government should be doing more, less, or about the same amount as it is doing now to protect people from the impacts of global warming, such as flooding, drought, and heat waves? Voters Liberal Other Mod A lot more Somewhat more About the same amount Somewhat less A lot less 8 * * Overall, do you think that protecting the environment: Voters Liberal Other Liberal / Mod Improves economic growth and provides new jobs Has no effect on economic growth or jobs Reduces economic growth and costs jobs

49 Politics & Global Warming, October When there is a conflict between environmental protection and economic growth, which do you think is more important? Voters Liberal Other Liberal / Mod Protecting the environment, even if it reduces economic growth Economic growth, even if it leads to environmental problems How much do you agree or disagree with the following statement(s)? "Schools should teach our children about the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to global warming." Voters Liberal Other Mod Strongly/Somewhat agree Strongly agree Somewhat agree Strongly/Somewhat disagree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree How much can people like you, working together, affect what the government does about global warming? Voters Liberal Other Mod A great deal A lot A moderate amount A little Not at all

50 Politics & Global Warming, October When elected officials are considering policies to reduce global warming, how much do you think they are influenced by the actions of citizens (for example, rallies, marches, petitions, phone calls, s, and letters)? Voters Liberal Other Mod A great deal A moderate amount A little Not at all Don t know When elected officials are deciding whether to repeal environmental protections, how much do you think they are influenced by the actions of citizens (for example, rallies, marches, petitions, phone calls, s, and letters)? Voters Liberal Other Mod A great deal A moderate amount A little Not at all Don t know

51 Politics & Global Warming, October How likely would you be to do each of the following things if a person you like and respect asked you to? Vote for a candidate for public office because of their position on global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Definitely would Probably would Probably would not Definitely would not Don t know Prefer not to answer Donate money to an organization working on global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Definitely would Probably would Probably would not Definitely would not Don t know Prefer not to answer

52 Politics & Global Warming, October How likely would you be to do each of the following things if a person you like and respect asked you to? (t d.) Write letters, s, or phone government officials about global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Definitely would Probably would Probably would not Definitely would not Don t know Prefer not to answer Volunteer your time to an organization working on global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Definitely would Probably would Probably would not Definitely would not Don t know Prefer not to answer Meet with an elected official or their staff about global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Definitely would Probably would Probably would not Definitely would not Don t know Prefer not to answer

53 Politics & Global Warming, October Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done the following? Written letters, ed, or phoned government officials about global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Many times (6+) Several times (4-5) * A few times (2-3) Once Never Don t know [If one or more times] When you contacted a government official did you Voters Liberal Other Mod Urge them to take action to reduce global warming Urge them not to take action to reduce global warming 1 1 * Other (please specify) 1 * * -- * Not asked

54 Politics & Global Warming, October How willing or unwilling would you be to join a campaign to convince elected officials to reduce global warming? (October 2017) Voters Liberal Other Mod I am participating in a campaign like this now I definitely would do it I probably would do it I probably would not do it I definitely would not do it Not sure Prefer not to answer How willing or unwilling would you be to join a campaign to convince elected officials to reduce global warming? (May 2017) Voters Liberal Other Mod Unweighted Base (1,070) (459) (240) (219) (120) (442) (127) (313) I am participating in a campaign like this now * -- I definitely would do it I probably would do it I probably would not do it I definitely would not do it Not sure Prefer not to answer

55 Politics & Global Warming, October Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done the following? Posted a comment online in response to a news story or blog about global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Many times (6+) Several times (4-5) A few times (2-3) Once Never Don t know * 1 Volunteered with or donated money to an organization working to reduce global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Many times (6+) * Several times (4-5) * A few times (2-3) Once Never Don t know Attended a community meeting or rally about global warming Voters Liberal Other Mod Many times (6+) Several times (4-5) * 1 -- A few times (2-3) Once * Never Don t know * -- 1

56 Politics & Global Warming, October Appendix II: Survey Method The data in this report are based on a nationally representative survey of 1,304 American adults, aged 18 and older, 1,109 of whom are registered to vote. The survey was conducted October 20 ember 1, All questionnaires were self-administered by respondents in a web-based environment. The survey took, on average, about 23 minutes to complete. The sample was drawn from GfK s KnowledgePanel, an online panel of members drawn using probability sampling methods. Prospective members are recruited using a combination of random digit dial and address-based sampling techniques that cover virtually all (non-institutional) resident phone numbers and addresses in the United States. Those contacted who would choose to join the panel but do not have access to the Internet are loaned computers and given Internet access so they may participate. The sample therefore includes a representative cross-section of American adults irrespective of whether they have Internet access, use only a cell phone, etc. Key demographic variables were weighted, post survey, to match US Census Bureau norms. The survey instrument was designed by Anthony Leiserowitz, Seth Rosenthal, and Matthew Cutler of Yale University, and Edward Maibach and nie Roser-Renouf of George Mason University. Margins of error All samples are subject to some degree of sampling error that is, statistical results obtained from a sample can be expected to differ somewhat from results that would be obtained if every member of the target population was interviewed. Average margins of error, at the 95% confidence level, are as follows: registered voters: Plus or minus 3 percentage points. (total): Plus or minus 4 points. Liberal : Plus or minus 6 points. Moderate/conservative : Plus or minus 7 points. Independents: Plus or minus 9 points. (total): Plus or minus 5 points. moderate : Plus or minus 8 points. servative : Plus or minus 6 points. Rounding error For tabulation purposes, percentage points are rounded off to the nearest whole number. As a result, percentages in a given chart may total slightly higher or lower than 100%. Summed response categories (e.g., "strongly support" + "somewhat support") are rounded after sums are calculated (e.g., 1.3% + 1.3% = 2.6%, which, after rounding = 3%).

57 Politics & Global Warming, October Appendix III: Demographics Voters N % (unweighted) (weighted) 1, Men Women Millennial (18-36) Generation X (37-52) Baby Boomer (53-71) Silent Generation (72+) Less than high school 50 8 High school graduate Some college/associate degree/technical degree College graduate Post graduate <$25K $25K - <$50K $50K - <$75K $75K - <$100K $100K - <$125K $125K Hispanic White, non-hispanic Black, African-American non-hispanic Other non-hispanic 67 7 Northeast Midwest South West

58 Politics & Global Warming, October Full Sample N % (unweighted) (weighted) 1, Men Women Millennial (18-36) Generation X (37-52) Baby Boomer (53-71) Silent Generation (72+) Less than high school High school graduate Some college/associate degree/technical degree College graduate Post graduate <$25K $25K - <$50K $50K - <$75K $75K - <$100K $100K - <$125K $125K White, non-hispanic Black, African-American non-hispanic Hispanic Other non-hispanic 95 8 Northeast Midwest South West

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