TECHNICAL/ECONOMICAL ADVANCES IN TIDAL RANGE POWER PLANTS

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "TECHNICAL/ECONOMICAL ADVANCES IN TIDAL RANGE POWER PLANTS"

Bertha Armstrong
6 years ago
Views:

1 TECHNICAL/ECONOMICAL ADVANCES IN TIDAL RANGE POWER PLANTS DR. IR. J. VAN BERKEL PRO TIDE MASTER COURSE BOULOGNE SUR MER 1 Robert Pierre Louis GIBRAT ( ) les turbines de très basse chute (1954) 2 1

Standard Low Head Tidal Technology La Lance 1966 Sihwa, 2011 Swansea, 2015 Bottle-necks for ultra low head (~ 1 meter) 1. Low head, low energy density: ρ g A Δh2 P 2 T 2.

2 Standard Low Head Tidal Technology La Lance 1966 Sihwa, 2011 Swansea, 2015 Bottle-necks for ultra low head (~ 1 meter) 1. Low head, low energy density: ρ g A Δh2 P 2 T 2. High flow rate, big machines high costs high LCoE 3. Fish friendliness: % = Not good enough =1,4 W/m 2,5 m Need to look for better techniques: a) Lower costs [M / MW] b) Fish friendliness > 99,9 % 2

3 Best Available Technique (BAT)? Confidential Do Not Distribute! 5 Best Available Technique? (Specifically for the Brouwersdam m) Confidential Do Not Distribute! Brouwersdam Springersdiep 6 3

4 Pro Tide NL Technique Selection Process: 1. World-wide inventory (fact sheets) 2. Pro-Tide-NL Advisory board + input from external advisors & market 3. Multi Criteria Analysis: a) LCoE b) Fish-friendliness c) Technology readiness d) Energy Yield 5. Report (see 7 Civil construction overview 4

5 Reduction of Civil Construction Costs Design sessions with IV-Infra Sketching & calculating Budgeting 9 Best option: 1. Fixed costs of ~ 22 M. 2. Variable costs 54 k /m

6 Turbine overview Tidal Hydro Electrical Conversion systems Hydrostatic pressure machines Primary flow pressure/kinet ic turbines Primary flow free stream kinetic turbines Secondary flow turbines Magneto Hydro Dynamic Advanced water wheels Acrchimedes screw State of the Art bulb turbines Fish friendly turbines Orthogonal turbine Horizontal axis free stream Vertical axis free stream Aerated Siphon Ejector Enhanced turbine Multi Criteria Analysis 6

7 Technique Ranking 14 Best candidates for Ultra Low Head Tidal Power Propeller Turbine: Pentair-Fairbanks-Nijhuis Cross-flow Turbine: Water-2-Energy 15 7

8 Next steps: I. Scale 1:10 testing for: a) Fish friendliness b) Performance This afternoon presentation II. Design of TPP Brouwersdam: 16 Design of TPP Brouwersdam Civil Construction Turbine Technique Keep it Simple: 1. Civil construction: Plain geometry: flat walls: 54 k /m 2 2. Turbine: No guide vanes, direct drive: ~ 80 % and 2 M /MW 17 8

1 st step: Parameterisation Tidal Fence, IT power and others La

Turbine back pressure Total system pressure 18 Assumptions: 1.

1 % O&M 5. Incl. VAT 6. All gates with turb. 7.

9 1 st step: Parameterisation Tidal Fence, IT power and others La Rance, 1966 Costs (size) and benefit (yield) as a function of: R Turbine back pressure Total system pressure 18 Assumptions: 1. Guaranteed 15 ct/kwh year DCF! 3. 5,5 % discount rate 4. 1 % O&M 5. Incl. VAT 6. All gates with turb. 7. Nominal 2500 m 3 1 meter head 1. Economically optimal Degree of Reaction % 19 9

Explicit time integration 4. 80 % turbine efficiency 5.

Near optimal: 15 propeller turbines, 135 m long barrier 2.

20 Financial/economic parameters (non optimised): 1.

10 Hydraulic modelling Assumptions: 1. Based on measured tidal data 2. 1-D in space 3. Explicit time integration % turbine efficiency 5. Specific demands for ~ 50 cm tidal basin variation 1. Near optimal: 15 propeller turbines, 135 m long barrier 2. Max installed power, restrained to 25 MW, delivers 67 GWh/a. 20 Financial/economic parameters (non optimised): 1. Powerhouse: 135 m long, 30 m wide, 15 turb., Ø 8 m, 25 MW, 67 GWh/a 2. Compared with: Sluice gate 81 m long, 30 m wide, 9 gates, no power 21 10

Financial/economic parameters (non optimised): TPP relative to sluice gate only, based on 5 % discount rate: Break-even 22 Main Conclusions Pro-Tide-NL Regarding

Reduction of investment costs: Potential estimated -10 % b. Reduction of turbine O&M: Potentially - 40 % (smaller turb., steel conduit) c.

11 Financial/economic parameters (non optimised): TPP relative to sluice gate only, based on 5 % discount rate: Break-even 22 Main Conclusions Pro-Tide-NL Regarding Ultra Low Head Tidal Power/ TPP Brouwersdam 1. On the threshold of economic viability (for non-optimised case) 2. Future optimisation: a. Reduction of investment costs: Potential estimated -10 % b. Reduction of turbine O&M: Potentially - 40 % (smaller turb., steel conduit) c. Increase of Electricity Yield: i. Latching (holding-up the basin water level): + 10 % ii. Pumping (for larger tidal amplitude) and for energy: + 10 % iii. Flood mode operation? 3. Pay-back time potentially ~ 8 years 11

12 Main Conclusions Pro-Tide-NL Regarding Ultra Low Head Tidal Power, over the last 3 years: 1. All-in costs decreased, from ~ 10 M /MW (2012) to ~ 4 M /MW (2015) 2. Fish survival rate increased, from ~95 % to > 99,8 % Bottom-line: Ultra-Low Head Tidal Power now can be Efficient, Fish Friendly and Economically viable. Future Work: 1. Tendering: Competition! 2. Costs Reduction and Power Output Optimisation: By: Latching, Pumping, Flood-Mode 3. Detailed Engineering Confidential Do Not Distribute! 28 Thanks! Jacob van Berkel Pro-Tide-NL entry@xs4all.nl Confidential Do Not Distribute! 29 12

The Challenge of Designing for Low head

The Challenge of Designing for Low head Presentation by Jacob Arnold (MSc) Director Research & Development Pentair Fairbanks Nijhuis PENTAIR 1 AS ONE COMPANY, WE HAVE THE GLOBAL RESOURCES 30,000 EMPLOYEES