UV DISINFECTION WEDECO PLOVDIV 01 DECEMBER 2015

Transcription

1 UV DISINFECTION WEDECO PLOVDIV 01 DECEMBER 2015

2 Introduction Wedeco a Xylem Brand UV & Ozone Production / Herford, Germany 300 Employees only in Germany Lamp factory / Essen, Germany

3 Introduction Wedeco a Xylem Brand 1976 WEDECO was founded by Werner Klink and Horst Wedekamp designing and manufacturing UV systems 2001 Start of an own UV lamp development and production Wedeco carries UV and O3 application know how since 38 years Over 3,000 waste water installation world wide Biggest WW open channel installation world wide Mangere/ Manukau, Auckland New Zealand (57,600 m³/h; 7,776 UV lamps) Over 1,500 Drinking water installations world wide Biggest DW UV Disinfection system in performance world wide Seymour Capilano Vancouver, Canada (93,000 m³/h; 1,380 UV Lamps)

4 Introduction Wedeco a Xylem Brand

5 UV disinfection What is disinfection? Disinfection is defined as reduction of harmful (=pathogenic) microorganisms to a concentration which is not harmful anymore There are different kinds of pathogens Examples of some dangerous pathogens found in water and wastewater: is defined as reduction of harmful (=pathogenic) microorganisms to a concentration which is not harmful anymore There are different kinds of pathogens Examples of some dangerous pathogens found in water and wastewater:

6 UV disinfection What is UV light? UV stands for Ultraviolet light which is a specific range of the electromagnetic spectrum X-rays Ultraviolet Visible Light Infrared Vacuum UV UV-C UV-B UV-A Wavelength Hg-Low Pressure Lamp 254 nm

7 UV disinfection What is UV light? D i m e r D i m e r

8 Benefits of UV disinfection - Chemical-free; no change of water chemistry: - No harmful by-products or residuals - No effect on odor and taste - Safe and environmental friendly - Avoid handling of hazardous chemicals - Inactivates reliably chlorine-resistant pathogens (i.e. Cryptosporidum) - Easy to operate and reliable - Short contact time - Non corrosive - Relatively small foot print, so can be used to retrofit existing plants.

9 General UV arrangement Closed Vessel

10 General UV arrangement Open channel

11 UV design concepts. UV Dose UV-Dose UV-Intensity x Exposure time Watt/m2 x sec = Joule/m2 400 Joule/m2 = 40 mjoule/cm2 = 40,000 uwatts/cm2

12 UV design concepts. UV Dose Disinfection target: UV Dose = UV intensity x residence time Flow rate and hydraulic conditions => residence time distribution Lamp types & arrangement, water quality => intensity distribution

13 UV design concepts. UV Dose Log Inactivation E.coli B. subtilis spores Total coliform-wastewater Rotavirus UV Dose (mj/cm 2 ) Pathogens do show specific sensitivities regarding UV Disinfection target always related to a specific microorganism Inactivation of microorganisms defined in log steps Reduction in log steps is a function of UV dose

14 UV design concepts UV Transmittance (UVT) 254 nm 100% e.g. 75% / 1 cm 1 cm

15 UV Transmittance: Impact to UV system design Example: Flow rate of 1,500 m³/h Disinfection Target of < 1,000 cfu/100 ml F.C. 55% UVT 60% UVT TAK lamps 48 lamps -20% Duron 36 lamps 24 lamps -33%

16 Key Parameter: Suspended Solids Particle shading UV light scatter Complete penetration UV lamp Incomplete penetration Region of limited DNA damage

17 Suspended Solids: Microorganisms embedded in particles The SS level ultimately limits the possible disinfection level! e.g. disinfection levels < 100 cfu/100 ml F.C. cannot be SS levels > 30 mg/l

18 Key Design Parameter: Flow Rate/ Flow distribution Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR) Flow Worst Case Peak Average drain drain drain drain How often does the peak design flow occur? What is the average design flow? Are there future upgrades? UV module in Stand by? Time

19 Type of UV lamp: Low VS Medium pressure

20 Type of UV lamp: Low VS Medium pressure Low Pressure Medium Pressure Emmission type Monochromatic Polychromatic Mercury Content mg (Wedeco < 20mg) 200 2,000 mg Mercury (Hg) state Solid Alloy (Amalgam) Liquid Hg Wavelength (nm) Power Consumption ~ 70-1,000 Watt ~ 1,000 30,000 Watt Lamp Temperature ~ 110 C ~ C Efficiency > 50% > 15% Mercury (Hg) Pressure ~ 0.01 mbar Hg ~ 1.0 bar Hg Power range % % Lamp life guarantee 14,000 h 5,000-8,000 h Cool down before restart No Yes (~ 15 min) Impact on Quartz Sleeve No Yes / Solarisation

21 Regulations for UV disinfection - In 1996 Austria was the first country to introduce UV regulations (ÖNORM). Revised version: ÖNORM M (2001). Used mainly in Europe. - In 1997 Germany followed with the DVGW standard. Revised version: DVGW, W294 (2006). Used mainly in Europe. - In 1989 The US Enviromental protection Agency (USEPA) started establishing rules for UV disinfection. Current version: Ultraviolet Disinfection Guidance Manual (UVDGM) for the Final Long Term 2 (LT2). Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (2006) is the most extensive validation protocol. It allows flexibility of validation organisms used and methods for determining dosage in operation. National Water Research Institutes (NWRI) Ultraviolet Disinfection Guidelines for Drinking. Water and Water Reuse (2012) was developed primarily for high dose (California Title-22) reuse applications.

22 UV Design Approaches Calculated sizing models (purely theoretical) : PSS (Point Source Summation) Biologically verified methods (bioassays, according regulations): Certified by DVGW Certified by ÖNORM Validated according to US EPA UVDGM

23 Design Approaches Point Source Summation (PSS) Data In Purely mathematical approach Not based upon a site-specific water quality and target organism Not based upon microbiological data Result Out Adjustment for lamp ageing and fouling Ideal hydraulic conditions inside of the reactor Ideal intensity distribution inside of the reactor

24 Design Approaches Point Source Summation (PSS) Average Retention Time: flow rate / reactor volume velocity Head loss Average Intensity: lamp output lamp age quartz sleeve transmittance (coating) water quality (UV transmittance) UV Dose = Retention Time x Intensity [mj/cm²] = [s] x [mw/cm²]

25 Design Approaches Biological verified Method: Bioassays Validation test on real scale units are executed and administrated by an independent and recognized third party at a dedicated test facility. This validation determines the operating conditions under which the reactor delivers the required UV dose for treatment credit (flow rate, UVT, UV intensity measured by a sensor, UV lamp status) Always according the standards: DVGW, ÖNORM or UVDGM Consists of three phases: - Field testing on UV reactor (microbial challenges) - Bench scale, collimated beam analysis - Data analysis / reporting

26 Design Approaches Biological verified Method: Bioassays

27 SUMMARY OF UV DESIGN Ø Which is the source water? Ø Treatment steps before disinfection Ø Flow rate: max, min, average Ø What is the UVT and SS on the water? Ø UV Pressurized or gravity? Ø What is the disinfection target? Ø Select validated or certified units Ø Ask our specialist!! Measure UVT, Specifications, autocad drawings, pilot plants

28 OPERATION OF UV SYSTEMS Ø Reliability: Assure that disinfection performance is met In order to assure performance of the UV system the same UV amount needs to be delivered into the water at the same operating conditions (UVT, flow) as during the validation testing How to achieve this? Control the UV system based on UV intensity readings Consider real life aging and fouling of lamps Ø Operate the system economically

29 OPERATION OF UV SYSTEMS Reliability: UV sensor Ø UV Sensor Certified acc ÖNORM Constant monitor of UV dose Assure disinfection: UV sensor in all Wedeco Units - Changes on flow - Changes on water quality High accuracy: ÖNORM Calibrated

30 OPERATION OF UV SYSTEMS Reliability: Automatic Wiping system Ø Automatic Wiping system Chemical free automatic wiping system Proven triple-blade wiper technology with FPM + PTFE blades Continuous prevention of quartz sleeve fouling to minimize energy consumption and maximise disinfection performance Adjustable wiping cycles Available in almost all Wedeco Units Brushes for cleaning sensor window Continues operation Reduced maintenance

31 OPERATION OF UV SYSTEMS Reliability: Automatic Wiping system

32 OPERATION OF UV SYSTEMS Reliability: Control Ø Control cabinet Local / off / remote switch Customer hardwired signals available - UV Dose/Intensity in 4-20 ma - Volt-free contacts for: System running High priority alarms Low priority alarms Optional customer inputs - Flow signal via 4-20 ma - Remote on/off (230V or Volt Free) - UV transmittance SCADA for remote monitoring and control - System status - Alarm messages - Process values All sensor signals, alarms, SCADA connectivity, and OptiDose closed loop control are unified in the unique EcoTouch controller for maximum operator usability.

33 OPERATION OF UV SYSTEMS Reliability & Economy: WEDECO s OptiDose TM True Dose pacing à Sensor based control Op#Dose Control Continuous Consideration of: UV-T changes Lamp aging Quartz Sleeve fouling Flow è Sensor readings adjust the lamp power output è Minimized energy consumption at varying operational conditions without any compromise to disinfection performance

34 OPERATION OF UV SYSTEMS Economy: Lamp lifetime 14,000 hours guaranteed lamp lifetime in combination with Ecoray ballast cards!!! ECORAY UV lamp 3rd party aging certificate

35 OPERATION OF UV SYSTEMS Economy: Lamp replacement Fast & Simple lamp replacement No need for special tools No need for dewatering Easy plug connectors Easy lamp handling Max. 2 min per lamp

36 ECORAY Wedeco s enhanced ECORAY technology

37 Drinking water Customer: Seymour-Capilano Waterworks Vancouver, BC Canada Flow rate: 94,000 m³/h System: 24 x K (5) Design Parameters: 2 log Crypto 5,8 mj/cm² acc. to UVDGM Installation: 2004

38 Drinking water Mühlheim - Ruhrgebiet, NRW, Germany Flow rate: 8,000 m³/h System: 4 x K Design Parameters: 40 mj/cm² acc. to DVGW Installation: 2003

39 Drinking water Customer: Vattenverket Marienberg Uddevalla (Sweden) 3 x Spektron 650e Flow: 700 m3/h UVT: 82.9% UV Dose: 40 J/m2 (UVDGM) Installation: 2013

40 Drinking water Customer: City Nieheim Germany Plant: Spring Erwitzen System: Spektron 25 S Flow: 35 m³/h Design: 40 mj/cm² DVGW Installation: 02/2007

41 Wastewater Wedeco s enhanced ECORAY technology Mangere STP; Auckland, New Zealand - 16,5 m³/s - 12 channels, total 7776 UV lamps - World largest waste water UV installation ECORAY audit; 1 channel equipped with the ECORAY technology - 15% Energy Savings - Reduced maintenance effort - Reduced maintenance costs

42 Wastewater Berlin-Ruhleben Schutz der Havelgewässer, Energieeinsparung TAK x3i1 1 channel, 3 Banks 648 Lamps m³/h 03/2011

43 Wastewater München-Gut Marienhoff größte deutsche Installation 6 channels, 2 Banks m³/h 2004

44 Wastewater Camden DURON 48i2-2x2 48 UV lamps Current flow 1150 m³/h Upgradable to DURON 96i2-4x2 96 UV lamps Future flow 2300 m³/h UVT 60% Target 200 F.C.

45 Wastewater Lagares, Spain DURON 384i4-8x UV lamps Flow 7200 m³/h UVT 37% Target 1000 F.C.

46 Wastewater. Lagares

47 Stormwater Chichester Stormwater DURON 120i1-10x1 120 UV lamps Flow 1000 m³/h UVT 40% Target 1000 F.C.

48 Wastewater Reuse Conditioning of treated waste water for irrigation or cleaning purposes

49 Waste Water Reuse- Irrigation in golf courts Fehmarn Island (Germany) Camping- & Golf park 2x 35 m³/h 2x LBX 50 06/2008

50 Industrial Applications Silver Fern Farm in Balclutha - NZ UV Reactor: 4 x LBX 1000 EW Application : Meat and by-product effluent Design peak flow rate : 700m³/h Min UV transmittance at 254nm : 25 % (1 cm) Suspended solids : 50 mg/l E.Coli (at UV inlet) : 1,000,000 CFU / 100 median Disinfection target: <2000 median

51 Industrial Applications Customer: Purena GmbH, Burgdorf - Germany System: Spektron 350e Flow: 230 m³/h SAK254 nm = 3,3 m-1 Design: 40 mj/cm² DVGW Installation: 11 / 2012

52 Industrial applications: Bottling Plant De-ozonation or De-chlorination of product water Disinfecting of rinse water

53 Aquariums & Fish Farms DomAquarée Cilidrical aquarium in CityQuartier Berlin Seawater 1000 m³, 25 m high B 300 PE 200 m³/h 11/2006

54 Fish Farming Installation of UV after biological activated filter in the water treatment loop Significant increase of the stocking rate after installation of filter & UV (up to 16 times more fish!)

55 Aquaculture Norway Fishfarm DURON 144i3-3x1 144 UV lamps Flow 5000m³/h UVT 90% 25mJ/cm² calc.dose DURON 384i4-8x UV lamps Flow 7200 m³/h UVT 37% Target 1000 F.C.

56 Swimming Pools Installation of UV after filtration in the water treatment loop Significant reduction of chloramines and combined chlorine Decrease of chlorine demand

57 Questions?