WATER-BASED ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY(EOR)

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2 WATER-BASED ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY(EOR) Global Water-Based EOR Potential is Estimated at 750 Billion Barrels - Shell 1 2 REDEFINING WATER TREATMENT FOR THE OIL & GAS INDUSTRY H 2 Ocean Spectrum TM technology allows operators to optimize oil recovery from maturing reservoirs by customizing water qualities on demand throughout reservoir life. This technology is the first of its kind to facilitate the shift between techniques such as Sulphate Removal to EOR seamlessly without changing process systems. ENHANCING OIL PRODUCTION Water-based EOR improves oil recovery over the life of a field. OIL PRODUCTION RATE EOR Operation Threshold BASE CASE Operation Threshold Production Plateau Production Decline Curve - BASE CASE Production Decline Curve w/eor Increased Oil Recovered w/eor BASE CASE Production Shutdown TIME FIELD LIFE Increase Field Life w/eor EOR Production Shutdown 3 OVERCOMING KEY CHALLENGES As primary recovery techniques reach their full potential, secondary and tertiary technologies are being implemented to extend oil field life. ADDRESSING THE INCREASING COST of exploration MATURING RESERVOIRS extending life where production has peaked MEETING MORE STRINGENT ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS DELIVERING CONSISTENT QUALITY of reservoir water chemistry OVERCOMING FOOTPRINT LIMITATIONS AVOIDING THE HIGH COST of decommissioning

3 We are excited with all the piloting results and the range and flexibility of the H 2 Ocean Spectrum TM technology. This technology allows us to manage the changing challenges of a reservoir s water chemistry and closely control hardness and salinity in the treated water to match any reservoir geochemistry. - Amanda Brock, CEO of Water Standard 4 FLEXIBLE & INNOVATIVE SOLUTION Water Standard s proprietary H 2Ocean Spectrum TM technology is a turnkey solution that can adjust output water quality on demand for: 65 PPM 60 PPM 70 PPM 55 PPM 75 PPM 5 PPM 10 PPM SULPHATE 15 PPM 35 PPM 20 PPM 30 PPM 25 PPM 90,000 PPM 80,000 PPM 100,000 PPM 70,000 PPM 1,000 PPM 10,000 PPM SALINITY 20,000 PPM 40,000 PPM 30,000 PPM 100 PPM 70 PPM 5 PPM 65 PPM 10 PPM 15 PPM 20 PPM HARDNESS Ca 25 PPM 45 PPM 30 PPM 40 PPM 35 PPM 70 PPM 65 PPM 100 PPM 60 PPM 5 PPM 10 PPM 15 PPM 20 PPM HARDNESS Mg 40 PPM 25 PPM 30 PPM 35 PPM OUTPUT 50 PPM 45 PPM 40 PPM 60,000 PPM 50,000 PPM 60 PPM 55 PPM 50 PPM 55 PPM 50 PPM 45 PPM CUSTOMIZABLE throughout the life of a reservoir FLEXIBLE AND ROBUST engineering design ADDRESSES THE RANGE OF WATERFLOOD TECHNIQUES like chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR), low salinity injection, or sulphate removal packages (SRP)

4 INSIDE THE TECHNOLOGY H 2 Ocean Spectrum TM Technology for Maximizing Oil Recovery This proprietary technology efficiently manages the source and produced-water quality to reduce downtime, optimize recovery, and improve the commercial viability of a project. This is a scalable and flexible design, making it suitable for a variety of applications for varying levels of size and complexity. Intake Screens Seawater Intake Pumps Coarse Screens Membrane Filtration RO Pumps Energy Recovery Device NF Pumps Seawater Nanofiltration Brine Disposal NF Membrane FEATURES & BENEFITS WATER QUALITY ADJUSTMENTS ON-DEMAND CONSISTENT QUALITY OF INJECTION WATER AT EVERY PHASE FLEXIBLE & SCALABLE FOOTPRINT ALLOWS OPERATORS GREATER FLEXIBILITY IN OPEX AND CAPEX PLANNING

5 RO Membrane Seawater Reverse Osmosis Permeate Storage Tank Smart Control System Water Quality Deaeration INSIDE THE TECHNOLOGY Permeate Storage Tank Alkali Surfactant Sodium Meta- Bisulfite High-Pressure Pumps From Production Facilities Polymer Produced Water Reinjection (PWRI) REDUCES CORROSION AND SOURING FACILITATES TRANSITIONING BETWEEN EOR TECHNOLOGIES WITHOUT THE NEED TO RETROFIT Low Salinity CEOR Injection SRS

6 APPLICATIONS Full Spectrum of Water-Injection Options For EOR Onshore Water Treatment Onshore modules/packages for treating water for sulphate reduction, low-salinity, or CEOR waterflooding Producer Injector Producer

7 The H 2 Ocean Spectrum TM technology integrates proven water-treatment and desalination technologies into an innovative configuration that allows operators to address challenges associated with EOR applications in a safe, cost-effective, and reliable manner. This technology provides operators with greater flexibility in planning for project development and helps eliminate or mitigate the potential need to retrofit existing facilities as reservoir needs change while maximizing oil recovery over the life of the field. Offshore Water Treatment Offshore modules/packages for treating water for sulphate reduction, CEOR, or low-salinity waterflooding CEOR or Low Salinity Vessels Offshore modules/packages for treating water and ASP chemical mixing/injection for CEOR or low salinity waterflooding APPLICATIONS

8 WATER STANDARD Solutions that Increase Production While Protecting the Environment ALLOWING OPERATORS TO REDUCE DOWNTIME, LOWER COSTS, AND REMAIN FOCUSED ON PRODUCTION, WATER STANDARD DELIVERS COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT SOLUTIONS & DESIGNS FOR EOR AND PRODUCED WATER CHALLENGES By leveraging its patented H 2 Ocean Spectrum TM desalination technology to produce customized water that is compatible with unique reservoir chemistries, oil recovery can be maximized through every phase of injection in an environmentally preferred manner. Engineering Studies Project Execution Comprehensive Water Treatment Solutions Customized Technology Operations Services

9 Water Standard of the US has been roped in for the pioneering vessel-based Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery (CEOR) project at the Angsi field, which is jointly operated by Petronas and ExxonMobil. WATER STANDARD CAPABILITIES - Upstream, The International Oil & Gas Newspaper STRATEGIC DELIVERABLES Maximum Flexibility and Operability Proprietary, patented designs Contract flexibility including lease or sale with O & M support Rapidly deployable solutions Flexibility to serve multiple production facilities Project execution and implementation planning Expertise in water and membrane management services Opportunity to pilot new systems prior to making full- scale capital requirements Proven safety and reliability ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE SOLUTIONS Water based EOR Produced Water Treatment and Re-Injection Water Services Ancillary Services for EOR Vessels Conventional waterflood Sulphate-reduced waterflood Low-salinity and customized waterflood Hybrid sulphate-reduced/ low-salinity systems CEOR using customized make-up water for any stage of flood Treatment of produced water for use with CEOR or other water-based EOR Treatment prior to discharge or re-injection Emulsions treatment Process water for drilling, conditioning muds, and slop water treatment Potable and sanitary water Washwater supply for desalting crude Storage capacity for chemicals or other needs Additional accommodations Supplemental power supply to rigs and subsea structures Chemical mixing Operations and maintenance

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