U.S. Department of Energy s Wind Technologies Program

Transcription

1 U.S. Department of Energy s Wind Technologies Program presented by Gary Nowakowski U.S. DOE Advancing Wind Power in Illinois 2008 June, 2008

2 The Wind Energy Program conducts activities to accelerate the market penetration of the Nation s fastest growing and the most widely used renewable energy resource. The Program Goals Actively support the development of 20% U.S. electrical energy produced by wind Advanced Energy Initiative Develop domestic energy options Energy Policy Act of 2005 Secure national benefits wind provides (economic development, national security, environment) Substantially accelerate deployment activities Program Focus Shifting to Enable 20% Wind Generation in the United States. 20% Wind = $500 Billion Investment

3 Current Program Breakdown Technology Application: Technology Acceptance Wind Powering America Wind Siting Environmental Impact Renewable Systems Interconnection Wind Resource Assessment Interconnection and Operation Transmission Technology Viability: Distributed Wind Residential & Business Industrial & Commercial Community-Based Wind Power Large Wind Technology Utility Scale Wind Farms Turbine Productivity and Reliability Enhancements Emerging Wind Applications

4 DOE-supported activities have accelerated wind development 17 states with over 100 MW of wind installed today from 4 States in 1999 new investment of $24 billion between

5 Ongoing Wind Development Issues and Focus Areas Transmission Critical Corridors, Interconnection & Congestion, Variability /Operational impacts Siting Barriers Public acceptance, Environmental, Inconsistent policies, Radar Rising Costs Materials, Limited U.S. production, Exchange rates, 10-20% uncertainty premium Turbine Reliability Gearbox/Drive train, Blades, Undersized test facilities Inadequate Community Wind Market Inadequate Small Wind Market Inconsistent State/Federal Policies

6 DOE-funded Efforts and Accomplishments

7 Achieving 20% wind contribution to U.S. electricity supply would reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 25%, reduce water consumption by 4 trillion gallons and support roughly 500,000 jobs in the U.S., 150,000 direct jobs by the wind industry

8 Satisfy a need for timely, objective information on the wind industry and developments and trends

9 DOE-Supported Technology Development Breakthrough Products based on Industry Collaboration General Electric Wind 1.5 MW turbine 44 % of 2007 new U.S. capacity Clipper Windpower 2.5 MW Liberty turbine New advanced drive train Southwest Windpower 1.8 kw Skystream turbine Cost-effective residential turbine Clipper s Liberty turbine is not only one of the most advanced wind turbines ever produced, it may well be the most efficient wind turbine in the world. 1.5 MW, 1.5s Series 1.8 kw Skystream Samuel Bodman - Secretary of Energy August 2, MW Liberty

10 National Laboratory Support National Laboratory NWTC: Dedicated to wind energy technology development and testing Specialized testing expertise, capabilities, equipment, and facilities Built in 1993 The goal of the research conducted at the center is to help industry reduce the cost of energy so that wind can compete with traditional energy sources, providing a clean, renewable alternative for our nation's energy needs. Two Focus areas: Turbine R&D and Technology Applications and Testing (modeling, design review and analysis, systems integration, supporting research and testing, Wind Powering America, small wind research, supporting engineering and testing) Sandia National Laboratories National Wind Program established in 1975 Mission: To provide a knowledge base of expertise in the design and advancements of composite wind turbine blades and turbine reliability, in order to accelerate the penetration of wind energy. Blade program started in 1994 Reliability program started in 2006 Jose R. Zayas is Manager (jrsayas@sandia.gov)

11 Knight and Carver Sweep Twist Adaptive Rotor (STAR) Blade Testing Designed in collaboration between Sandia National Laboratory and Knight and Carver Designed for low wind speed regions 26-m blade fatigue test Moments and torque (twist) of the test loads ideally optimized to properly simulate in-field conditions This design allows the blade to twist more than traditional designs, thus relieving some of the effects of gusty turbulent wind on blade life, says Tom Ashwill, who leads Sandia s blade research efforts. This then allows us to grow the blade length for the same rotor, providing for increased energy capture of 5-10 percent and yet retaining the same expected fatigue life.

12 NREL Gearbox Reliability Collaborative (GRC) Objectives Understand and isolate sources of gearbox failures. Suggest solutions leading to greater reliability Develop dynamometer testing capability to assess gearbox/ drivetrain problems and solutions Understand how gearbox loads translate to bearing response, stress, slip, and other gearbox problems. Develop a more comprehensive gearbox design load case matrix. Evaluate and validate current drive train design process and analytical tools. Project Strategy Field Test Team Test plan Test turbine Test setup & execution Data analysis Analysis Team Load cases System loads Internal loads Dyno Test Test plan Test article Test setup & execution Data analysis Proprietary and/or CRADA IP Protected Data

13 Estimated Cost of Gearbox Failures 750 Kw fleet 8 10 years of operating history New fleet of MW scale turbines not reached 5 year life Best Worst Rating (kw) Assumed Capacity Factor 32% 28% AEP (kwh) normal O&M cost ($/kwh/yr) $0.005 $0.005 total gearbox rebuild $65,000 $100,000 gearbox life (years) 6 4 downtime (months) 3 3 estimated lost $0.006/kwh $3,156 $2,761 Crane + Dissassembly/Assembly $5,000 $7,000 shipping cost $10,000 $10,000 annual cost of gearbox rebuilding $0.007 $0.016 annual total O&M cost $0.012 $0.021 % of 58% 106%

14 Federal Interagency Wind Siting Collaboration

15 Partnerships to Develop Large Blade Test Facilities in Massachusetts and Texas Objective: Expediently provide industry with needed large blade testing capabilities with minimum queue and testing times at a reasonable cost Strategy: DOE/ NREL Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA), competitive Required: At least two 70m test stands, room for expansion Located near port for transportation access Operating expenses recovered through user fees NWTC Blade Test Facility modified to test blades up to 50m 5 MW 7 MW NWTC IUF Blade Test Facility built for blades up to 34m.1 MW.5 MW.75 MW 1.5 MW 3.6 MW Blade Length (m)

16 AWEA Support National Wind Coordinating Council Support Development of an interactive, web-based informational tool to assist small Wind development (siting, zoning, interconnection, permitting, etc) Support for three workgroups include Siting, Wildlife and Transmission

17 Thank You! Gary Nowakowski, Branch Chief, Technologies U.S. Department of Energy Golden Field Office