CarbonCure Ready Mixed Technology

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1 Who knew greener could mean stronger? CarbonCure Ready Mixed Technology Recycling CO 2 to make simply better concrete C 2016 CarbonCure Technologies Inc.

2 What is CarbonCure? CarbonCure is a performance enhancing concrete technology that allows ready mixed concrete producers to stand out in the crowd and access the growing green building movement, while improving their bottom line. The proprietary technology introduces waste carbon dioxide (CO2) gas into ready mixed concrete during mixing and batching in order to improve compressive strength and enable producers to optimize their mix designs. The technology is installed into existing ready mixed facilities without disrupting operations. Batching is controlled by a simple interface with the existing batch computer and carbon dioxide is precisely injected into the concrete for optimal results. The material effects of the technology include accelerated hydration and increased strength. The concrete s performance is enhanced as a result of a chemical reaction between carbon dioxide and cement, which forms nanocrystalline calcium carbonate. By using CO2 to increase strength, concrete producers have the opportunity to optimize their mix designs, which includes reducing cement content. The average CarbonCure customer is able to realize a 4-8% reduction in cement content, while maintaining the desired compressive strength. This allows concrete producers to produce high quality, low carbon concrete, and realize significant cost savings. CarbonCure offers its producer partners access to architectural sales and green building training, marketing collateral, and public relations support. These sales and marketing services allow concrete producers to highlight the sustainable benefits of their concrete to help develop new specifications and grow their business. Who knew that greener could mean stronger?

3 The Technology CarbonCure s technology is retrofitted to an existing concrete plant. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas is sourced from the smokestacks of industrial emitters. The purified CO2 gas is delivered in pressurized vessels by commercial gas suppliers. CarbonCure s proprietary delivery system precisely injects the CO2 into the concrete mix. Batching is controlled by a simple interface integrated with the batch computer. Once injected, CO2 reacts with cement to form a nano sized mineral that becomes permanently embedded in concrete. Formation of nanomaterial The nanocrystalline carbonate material, as seen in this scanning electronic micrograph, accelerates the cement hydration and improves the compressive strength of concrete.

4 Usage of CO 2 Across Strength Classes CarbonCure customers conducted independent testing on multiple concrete mix designs across various strength classes. Each mix tested reduced lb cement per cubic yard and added CO 2 using the CarbonCure technology. The customers compared the performance of the CarbonCure mixes to historical data of each mix before cement reduction. Case Studies: Field data from CarbonCure customers Effectiveness of CO 2 with reduced cement across strength classes 12000" 80" MIX A - Design Strength: 8000 psi = CO 2 with 30 lb cement reduction 10000" 70" MIX B - Design Strength: 4600 psi = CO 2 with 32 lb cement reduction MIX C - Design Strength: 3000 psi = CO 2 with 25 lb cement reduction 28#Day#Compressive#Strength#(psi)# 8000" 6000" 4000" 60" 50" 40" 30" 20" 28#Day#Compressive#Strength#(MPa)# = Historical strength range (10 th 90 th percentile) of mix before cement reduction = Average strength of CarbonCure mix 2000" 0" MIX Mix"A" A MIX Mix"B" B MIX Mix"C" C 10" 0" CONCLUSION The addition of CO 2 injected using the CarbonCure Technology enables concrete producers to reduce cement content across strength classes without compromising on compressive strength.

5 Effectiveness of CO 2 A CarbonCure customer conducted an independent test to confirm that the CO 2 was responsible for improving the strength of concrete batches that had reduced cement content. Case Studies: Field data from CarbonCure customer 8% cement reduction: with and without CO 2 DESIGN STRENGTH: 3000 PSI 50% OPC 20% Fly Ash 30% Slag 5000 Control Mix: 4080 psi psi 3620 psi 4100 psi MEETS STRENGTH CRITERIA % cement reduced from control mix: 3620 psi 2000 STRENGTH REDUCED % cement reduced from control mix + CO 2 : 4100 psi 0 28 DAY STRENGTH STRENGTH EQUIVALENT TO CONTROL CONCLUSION The addition of CO 2 using the CarbonCure technology enables concrete producers to reduce their cement content and maintain compressive strength requirements. Why does this matter? Replacing cement with CO 2 allows producers to save costs and it s better for the environment.

6 The Effects of CO2 on Fresh Properties CarbonCure conducted concrete durability testing in collaboration with leading academics. The tests compared plastic, hardened and durability properties between a reference concrete batch and a batch subjected to CO2 addition. Concrete durability test results indicated that the carbon dioxide process did not compromise the expected performance of the treated concrete. Batches of concrete were prepared for which the slump and air content were measured both before and after the addition of CO2. It was found that the carbon dioxide had little to no effect on the air content and slump of the concrete. Producers using the technology can realize the compressive strength benefits without impacting fresh properties. Weathering carbonation occurs in concrete when calcium hydroxide compounds react with CO2 from the atmosphere and form solid calcium carbonate. The depletion of calcium hydroxide will cause the concrete pore solution ph to drop below 13, which can cause rebar corrosion. When CO2 is injected into wet concrete using the CarbonCure technology, the CO2 reacts immediately with cement to form a solid calcium carbonate mineral. Calcium carbonate does not impact rebar corrosion. Research has shown that a CO2 utilization process has a negligible effect on the ph of the pore solution of mature concrete, and therefore suggests no risk of rebar corrosion. Equivalent performance 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% Air content before CO2 (%) Conclusion: equivalent air content 10 Equivalent performance 8 Slump after CO2 (in) How does the addition of CO2 affect ph and rebar corrosion? Air content after CO2 (%) 12% Slump before CO2 (in) Conclusion: equivalent slump 8 10

7 Working with CarbonCure Concrete Case Study: Ambassatours Bus Terminal and Headquarters 1300 cubic yards of tilt-up concrete were treated with CO2 No effect on fresh properties or finishability As a concrete tilt-up contractor, the quality of concrete used in our building projects is very important to us. The concrete produced with CarbonCure arrived on site with the same high quality of standards we ve come to expect from our concrete supplier. CarbonCure had no noticeable effect on the work-ability or finish of the concrete. - Sam Parker, Project Manager B.D. Stevens Completed Ambassatours Bus Terminal made with CarbonCure concrete "CarbonCure ready mixed concrete was specified on the Multi-Pad Arena in order to improve the building's environmental footprint. As the construction manager on this project, I worked with the concrete on a daily basis. The CarbonCure concrete that arrived on site had an excellent finish and met all of our fresh properties criteria." - Roland Doucet, P.Eng., LEED AP Construction Manager, EllisDon Corporation Case Study: Multi-Pad Arena 5200 yd3 concrete

8 Marketing Concrete to the Green Building Industry Will you profit from the trend? Green building represents about 50% of the total construction market. CarbonCure is concrete s gateway to this large, growing market. Nonresidential Green Building Market Size (in billions) $122 billion 48% of market $58 billion 41% of market $47 billion 31% of market $25 billion 12% of market $3 billion 2% of market Source: Green Market Size, McGraw Hill Construction The green construction market has grown rapidly in the past decade, while the concrete industry s market share has declined. On top of that, with the official release of LEED version 4 in October 2016, concrete s ability to contribute to LEED points is changing significantly. Are you prepared to sell to the growing green building industry? CarbonCure is concrete s gateway to the green building community. CarbonCure s technology reduces the carbon footprint of concrete products. CarbonCure s sales and marketing services help producers to market the environmental benefits of the technology, maximize contribution to LEED points, and ultimately grow sales. Basic Support CarbonCure provides all of its concrete producer partners with basic sales and marketing support to equip them with the tools to sell CarbonCure concrete. Basic support services include: Generic flyers & brochures AIA-approved presentations Press releases Concrete Sustainability website plug in content Generic LEED documentation Advanced Support Producers looking to gain more advanced sales tactics to accelerate sales of green concrete may purchase advanced sales services including: Customized flyers & brochures In-person sales training In-person sales meetings with specifiers Customized LEED documentation Green building & LEED marketing strategy development

9 Marketing Concrete to the Green Building Industry Customer Testimonial The entire CarbonCure team has worked to create a sense of partnership with us; an approach that Vulcan Materials takes with its own customers. We have gained invaluable contacts and experience through joint participation at key industry events as well as specifier and contractor meetings arranged by CarbonCure. The technological and market information has been exceptional and we plan to make the best possible use of it. - Tony Thompson, Marketing Manager Vulcan Materials Company Specifier Sales Meeting & Sales Training CarbonCure offers its producer partners training in the form of sales meetings with architects, engineers and construction firms. Producer partners gain first-hand experience in effective tactics to sell green building materials, while laying the groundwork to develop specifications for CarbonCure products. CarbonCure offers customized sales training to its producer partners to help them develop specifications and learn effective strategies to sell green building materials. Training participants will gain an understanding of: The CarbonCure Technology Tactics to identify the best sales targets Strategies to effectively sell CarbonCure concrete How to maximize LEED points Environmental Benefits 3 Potential CO2 impact per yd concrete CarbonCure injects waste CO2 into concrete in order to improve compressive strength. This allows producers to optimize their concrete mix, which may further reduce the carbon footprint. CO2 injected 1 lb CO2 CO2 reduced from mix optimization CO2 penalty (transportation and processing of CO2, manufacture of equipment) Net benefit per yd3 20 lb CO2 0.2 lb CO2 ~20 lb CO2

10 CarbonCure and LEED Concrete s ability to contribute to LEED points is changing significantly under LEED version 4. CarbonCure helps concrete producers communicate to customers how their products contribute toward further LEED points. Points for concrete: LEED version 2009 vs. LEED version 4 1 LEED v4 uses a more holistic approach to sustainability as compared to LEED LEED v4 requires architects to consider the entire environmental impact of a building products life cycle, rather than rewarding products for a single environmental attribute such as recycled content. LEED points for concrete products fall primarily under the Material & Resources Category. In LEED 2009, the most common points awarded for concrete products fell under the Recycled Content credit or the Regional Materials credit. These credits have changed under LEED v4. Concrete products may directly contribute to the following LEED v4 credits: Building life-cycle impact reduction whole building life cycle assessment (3 points): Show a 10% reduction in 3 of 6 environmental impact categories, including a mandatory reduction in CO2 emissions. CarbonCure helps concrete producers reduce CO2 emissions 2 Building product disclosure and optimization environmental product declaration (EPD) (2 points): Use 20 different EPDs from at least 5 different manufacturers. CarbonCure can facilitate the creation of product-specific EPDs 3 Building product disclosure and optimization sourcing of raw materials (2 points): Use 20 different products from manufacturers that have publicly released corporate sustainability reports (CSR) Use products for at least 25% by cost of the total building product budget that meet leadership criteria, including recycled content CarbonCure can provide guidance on the creation of a CSR 4 Building product disclosure and optimization material ingredient reporting (2 points): Use 20 different material ingredient reports from at least 5 different manufacturers. CarbonCure can create material ingredient reports such as health product declarations (HPDs)

11 CarbonCure for ready mix is here and it s revolutionizing the concrete industry. Concrete producers across North America are experiencing the benefits of CO 2. Are you ready to join the new era of concrete? The CarbonCure technology, which benefits both sustainability and strength, is the potential future of the concrete industry. The CarbonCure technology allows us to further serve our community by being better stewards of the environment. The CarbonCure technology enabled us to optimize our mix designs. Installing across further Thomas plants was a no-brainer.

12 Innovative CO 2 Technology Helping ready mixed concrete producers to: Increase strength Sell to the green market Optimize mix design Realize cost savings Contact us: sales@carboncure.com (902) Locations in Birmingham, AL and Halifax, NS C 2016 CarbonCure Technologies Inc.