Linde Engineering: Air separation. LINEX TM air separation plants.

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1 Linde Engineering: Air separation LINEX TM air separation plants.

2 02 Linde Engineering: Air separation Contents. 3 Introduction 4 Global engineering and fabrication facilities 6 LINEX TM air separation plants The process Capacities 8 Proprietary equipment 9 Plant reliability and availability 10 Project execution. Low cost and short delivery time 11 Day-to-day performance Plant operation Health, safety and environment 12 Contact

3 Linde Engineering: Air separation 03 The Linde Engineering Division is a leading international manufacturer of capital goods and equipment. Linde Engineering s areas of activity cover design and construction of turnkey industrial plants as well as a full range of engineering services for process plants. To date, the Engineering Division has built nearly 2,800 air separation plants and has numerous patents registered in the Linde name. With extensive engineering know-how accompanied by many years of experience in project management and general contracting, the Engineering Division has established its standing as an expert partner in international plant construction. LINEX TM is a trademark of The Linde Group

04 Linde Engineering: Air separation Global engineering and fabrication facilities.

The Division s global engineering and fabrication centres operate under the leadership of the centres of competence in

Engineering operations Sales offices Tulsa Houston Blue Bell Holly Springs Aldershot Pratteln/Pfungen Hesingue

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4 04 Linde Engineering: Air separation Global engineering and fabrication facilities. The Linde Engineering Division is a global company that develops technology and plant concepts. The Division s global engineering and fabrication centres operate under the leadership of the centres of competence in Pullach and Schalchen. Engineering operations Sales offices Tulsa Houston Blue Bell Holly Springs Aldershot Pratteln/Pfungen Hesingue Gothenburg Samara Moscow Faccum er si. Ipisi. Ril delissed el euis nulla facilit luptat, si et nos Dresden aci tionsequat. Iril dignim velenibh erat. Ut alit ad molor suscidunt Pullach/Schalchen augait lam, core vullandipis dunt veliquisi. Iduisl dolestrud dolutpa Rome tuercilis nullaorerat velisi. als Beijing Dalian BU Seoul Al-Khobar Hangzhou Riyadh Vadodara Taipeh Abu Dhabi São Paulo Johannesburg Linde Engineering Division, Pullach, Germany Linde Engineering Dresden GmbH, Germany Linde Engineering (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., China

Linde Engineering: Air separation 05 Linde Engineering Division, Pullach, Germany Headquarters of the Linde Engineering Division, located in Pullach, 10 km south of Munich, approx.

Corporate research and development Global product management Sales Basic and detailed engineering Site services Linde Engineering Dresden GmbH, Germany Engineering centre for Eastern Europe and CIS

, China Engineering centre for China and South-East Asia, located 120 km south of Shanghai, approx. 230 engineers and other specialists.

5 Linde Engineering: Air separation 05 Linde Engineering Division, Pullach, Germany Headquarters of the Linde Engineering Division, located in Pullach, 10 km south of Munich, approx. 1,900 engineers and other specialists. Global competence centre for air separation plants. Corporate research and development Global product management Sales Basic and detailed engineering Site services Linde Engineering Dresden GmbH, Germany Engineering centre for Eastern Europe and CIS with 480 engineers and other specialists. Sales Detailed engineering Site services Linde Engineering (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., China Engineering centre for China and South-East Asia, located 120 km south of Shanghai, approx. 230 engineers and other specialists. Sales Detailed engineering Site services Linde Engineering Schalchen Plant, Germany Global competence centre for fabrication, approx. 700 skilled craftsmen and engineers. 80,000 m² floor space. Fabrication of: Coldboxes Rectification columns Structured packing Plate-fin heat exchangers Coil-wound heat exchangers Other plant components Linde Engineering (Dalian) Co., Ltd., China Fabrication centre for China, approx. 230 skilled craftsmen and engineers. Total area of 87,000 m² (30,000 m² sheltered). Fabrication of: Coldboxes Rectification columns/condensers Direct contact/evaporation coolers Molecular sieve adsorbers Coil-wound heat exchangers Linde Engineering India Pvt., Ltd. Global detail engineering centre, engineering centre for India. Approx. 740 engineers and other specialists. Detailed engineering Site services Linde Engineering North America, Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, USA Engineering centre for US and NAFTA, approx. 30 engineers and other specialists. Sales Detailed engineering Linde Process Plants, Inc., Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA Engineering centre for US and NAFTA, approx. 240 engineers and other specialists. Sales Detailed engineering Site services Linde Process Plants, Inc., Catoosa, Oklahoma, USA Fabrication centre for NAFTA area, approx. 160 skilled craftsmen and engineers. Workshop area with about 15,000 m² (3,250 m² sheltered). Fabrication of packaged air separation plants. Linde Engineering Schalchen Plant, Germany Linde Engineering (Dalian) Co., Ltd., China Linde Engineering India Pvt., Ltd.

6 06 Linde Engineering: Air separation LINEX TM air separation plants. LINEX TM air separation plants represent a new product line that transfers the benefits of the successful modular concept from the packaged air separation plant range to tonnage plant sizes. The benefit is significant economical advantages compared with fully tailor-made plants. LINEX TM air separation plants achieve very attractive on-stream times by combining substantially shorter equipment fabrication and delivery times with a flawless construction, commissioning and plant start-up. The process Not only the plant, but also the process is modular. As such, the various product splits and liquid requirements can be optimised. The process is based on all state-of-the-art air separation technologies, such as internal compression (IC) for GOX and GAN as well as highefficiency cryogenic rectification. Furthermore, options are available for split GOX pressure levels, cryogenic argon production and cryogenic rectification of other rare gases, such as krypton and xenon, as well as external compression to complement the internal compression. Of course, the requirements of the application are taken into consideration. A number of process options allow plant performance to be optimised with regards to requirement profiles as well as utility availability and cost. Power-saving measures and heat utilisation are important aspects in this cryogenic process. The superiority of this process is grounded on over 100 years of experience in air separation technology. Linde engineers have an in-depth understanding of the entire air separation process, and they are equipped with advanced engineering tools and methods for process design and optimisation. Linde-owned workshops worldwide fabricate proprietary equipment, which guarantees best performance in key process steps. And together with their main suppliers for rotary equipment, Linde has driven optimisation of key equipment. The company has built approx. 2,800 cryogenic air separation plants in more than 80 countries and has thereby dealt with different market requirements, ambient conditions and utility provisions. This is the basis for Linde s leading market position. Air filter Main air compressor Precooling unit Molecular sieve Booster air compressor M CW M Power CW M M M M Steam CW Power Power

7 Linde Engineering: Air separation 07 Capacities The inherent flexibilities within the process and the modular plant design concept allow best customisation of the product split and the product capacities within the four main frame sizes of the LINEX TM plant. The machinery covers the entire range with efficiency variation within a 1 percent band. Product capacities from 800 to 2,550 tpd (tons per day) oxygen nitrogen total liquid LINEX TM , , LINEX TM ,100 1, , LINEX TM ,500 2, , LINEX TM ,900 2, , Coldbox Argon system IC GOX 1 IC GOX 2 LOX KrXe System LP GOX P GAN GAN IC GAN LIN LIN injection Turbines IC GAR Power G LAR Power G Crude Kr/Xe Cryogenic liquid pumps Ar IC trans GOX IC M GAN IC M M M M M Options/variations

08 Linde Engineering: Air separation Proprietary equipment.

well as radial molecular adsorbers. These components can be manufactured in various Linde workshops worldwide.

factors to the high plant efficiency regarding product purity and power consumption.

The project-specific engineering of these components is based on Linde s knowledge and design tools and ensures a

8 08 Linde Engineering: Air separation Proprietary equipment. Linde s key proprietary equipment for air separation plants includes plate-fin heat exchangers, packings and columns as well as radial molecular adsorbers. These components can be manufactured in various Linde workshops worldwide. The in-house knowledge and experience in the manufacture of these essential plant components are the main contributing factors to the high plant efficiency regarding product purity and power consumption. Furthermore, this expertise is the basis for Linde s leading position in the air separation market. The project-specific engineering of these components is based on Linde s knowledge and design tools and ensures a reliable performance in all plant operating modes. What's more, Linde technology and equipment allows for best-in-class turn-down efficiencies. Aluminium plate-fin heat exchanger Packings Tray columns One of Linde s main workshops close to Munich, Germany

9 Linde Engineering: Air separation 09 Plant reliability and availability. The Linde availability and reliability concept is based on the fully functional split of the air separation plant and the backup system, which together form the supply system. The entire system boasts reliability of very close to 100 percent. Such high reliability is economically realised by clever placement of redundant equipment throughout the plant, a meaningful selection of shelf spares and a reasonable sizing of backup storage. This critical design process is based on Linde s long-term operation experience utilising the recorded data for MTBF (mean time between failures), and MTTR (mean time to repair) and under consideration of the required reliability for the process in question. In addition, all key equipment as well as electrics, control and instrumentation is sourced from internationally renowned and Lindeapproved manufacturers. The focus is always on the highest quality and reliability available. Plant The plant encompasses all process, utility, electrical and other equipment associated with producing gaseous and liquid products. Backup system The backup system includes all equipment associated with storage and delivery of vaporised liquid to the pipeline customer. Supply system The supply system is the combination of the plant and the backup system. CAD view of a LINEX TM plant

10 Linde Engineering: Air separation Project execution. Low cost and short delivery time. The modular plant concept allows Linde to utilise its global network of workshops.

This expertise is coupled with first-rate site fabrication and erection based on many decades of involvement in a wide range of environments.

10 10 Linde Engineering: Air separation Project execution. Low cost and short delivery time. The modular plant concept allows Linde to utilise its global network of workshops. Vast experience from the Linde packaged plant product line flows into the pre-fabrication of equipment. This expertise is coupled with first-rate site fabrication and erection based on many decades of involvement in a wide range of environments. The drivers for the definition of the projectspecific execution model are not only local labour cost, but also availability and quality aspects. Moreover, the start-up time can be positively influenced by pre-fabrication and pre-testing of key modules. Whatever plant execution model is selected, customers can be assured of state-of-the-art Linde technology approved and controlled by Linde s headquarters in Germany. And global procurement as well as global construction ensure that the execution phase also benefits from advantages inherent to the different local markets. Heavy coldbox equipment is lifted into place (LINEX TM 1500)

11 Linde Engineering: Air separation 11 Day-to-day performance. Plant operation The Linde operation concept allows full remote operation of the air separation plant with only limited site manning during short time periods. In addition, Linde offers global remote support through its own specialists. The state-of-the-art process control system is designed to support steadystate operation as well as smooth, remote changes between different operating modes. Highly sophisticated process control functions allow automatic load changes without operator interaction. The system can also deal with minor plant upsets and return the plant to stable operation. If during this time single products do not comply with specifications, supply is automatically switched from plant to backup. In case of more severe circumstances, the plant automatically switches to a safe condition, whilst the backup takes over the supply of all products without any operator interaction. Local operation personal is only required for plant start-up, routine checks and maintenance. Health, safety and environment The entire air separation plant is designed in accordance with international safety regulations and recommendations in regard to pressure vessels, cryogenic liquid and electrics (IEC, OSHA, EIGA, and CGA). Linde s own stringent safety standards are also integrated. This adherence to health and safety regulations coupled with our design philosophy ensures best-in-class protection of the health and safety of our employees as well as the surrounding environment. The process and its safety features are under continuous review, which is fuelled by Linde s ongoing operating experience. On top of that, our engineering, fabrication and execution processes are certified according to ISO 9000 and ISO Project-specific HAZOP studies ensure highest safety standards for every single plant. The highly efficient Linde components for heat transfer and air separation together with advanced rotary equipment from leading sub-vendors ensure low power and utility consumption. The very compact design of the plant reduces land requirements to a minimum. Control room of an air separation plant

12 Engineering excellence every step of the way. Linde s Engineering Division, a leading player in the international plant engineering business, covers every step in the design, project management and construction of turnkey industrial plants. Drawing on our extensive, proven process know-how, we set the standards for innovation, flexibility and reliability with ground-breaking concepts and a dedication to engineering excellence. The success of our customers and partners around the globe is of primary importance. With a clear focus on efficiency, sustainability and growth, we develop customised solutions for projects of all sizes and degrees of complexity. We have already delivered more than 4,000 plants worldwide and always aim to find the best technical and economic solution for our customers. Core competencies in plant engineering: Air separation plants LNG and natural gas processing plants Petrochemical plants Hydrogen and synthesis gas plants Chemical plants Adsorption plants Cryogenic plants Biotechnology plants Carbon capture and utilisation plants Furnaces, fired heaters, incinerators Core competencies in component manufacturing: Packaged units and coldboxes Coil-wound heat exchangers Plate-fin heat exchangers Cryogenic columns Cryogenic tanks Air-heated vaporisers Water bath vaporisers Spiral-welded aluminium pipes Get in touch find the best solution. Air separation plants Phone airseparation@linde-le.com Linde AG Engineering Division, Dr.-Carl-von-Linde-Strasse 6 14, Pullach, Germany Phone , Fax , info@linde-le.com, AS.B4EN 1113 &AA

Packaged air separation.

Linde Engineering: Air separation Standard and modularly designed plants. Packaged air separation. 02 Linde Engineering: Air separation Contents. 4 Packaged air separation plants 5 The process 6 Features