Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences. Visual Aids California Education and the Environment Initiative

Transcription

1 E s California Education and the Environment Initiative Earth Science Standard E.5.e. Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences

2 California Education and the Environment Initiative Approved by the California State Board of Education, 2010 The Education and the Environment Initiative Curriculum is a cooperative endeavor of the following entities: California Environmental Protection Agency California Natural Resources Agency California State Board of Education California Department of Education Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) Key Partners: Special thanks to Heal the Bay, sponsor of the EEI law, for their partnership and participation in reviewing portions of the EEI curriculum. Valuable assistance with maps, photos, videos and design was provided by the National Geographic Society under a contract with the State of California. Office of Education and the Environment 1001 I Street Sacramento, California (916) Copyright 2011 by the California Environmental Protection Agency 2013 Second Edition All rights reserved. This publication, or parts thereof, may not be used or reproduced without permission from the Office of Education and the Environment. These materials may be reproduced by teachers for educational purposes.

3 Contents Lesson 1 California s Desert Blooms 1 Joshua Tree National Park. 3 2 Barstow-Vegas Wagon Trail. 4 Lesson 2 Global Distribution of Rainforests and Deserts. 3 Life in the Amazon Rainforest. 5 4 Life in the Mojave Desert 6 5 Latitude. 7 6 Global Convection Currents. 8 7 Global Distribution of Rainforests. 9 8 Global Distribution of Deserts. 10 Lesson 3 Rainforests and Deserts Influence on Humans. 9 Rainforest Uses Solar and Wind Power from the Desert Desert Uses. 13 Lesson 4 Human Influences on the Distribution of Rainforests and Deserts. 12 Human Activities in Rainforests Border Between Haiti and Dominican Republic Human Activities in Deserts World Biomes Ecosystem Recovery Global Desertification Vulnerability Map. 19

4 Lesson 5 The Effects of Biome Distribution on Human Cultures 18 Changing Boundaries of the Sahara Desert Artifacts of the Kiffian Culture Global Temperature Change Artifacts of the Tenerian Culture. 23 Lesson 6 Science and Decision Making for California s Deserts. 22 Mojave Desert Ecosystem Who Manages California s Mojave Desert Lands? Desert Crusts Spatial Map for Soil Compaction Recovery. 27

5 1 Joshua Tree National Park VA #1 Joshua Tree National Park This photograph shows the landscape of Joshua Tree National Park. The Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia) is the largest and most common plant in the park. CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 3

6 2 Barstow-Vegas Wagon Trail VA #2 Barstow-Vegas Wagon Trail 4 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

7 3 Life in the Amazon Rainforest VA #3 Life in the Amazon Rainforest CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 5

8 4 Life in the Mojave Desert VA #4 Life in the Mojave Desert 6 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

9 5 Latitude VA #5 Latitude Latitude CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 7

10 6 Global Convection Currents VA #6 Global Convection Currents 8 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

11 7 Global Distribution of Rainforests VA #7 Global Distribution of Rainforests ARCTIC OCEAN NORTH NORTH PA C I F I C AT L A N T I C T ROPIC O F C ANCER PA C I F I C 0 E QUATOR INDIAN OCEAN 0 OCEAN T ROPIC O F C APRICORN SOUTH SOUTH PA C I F I C AT L A N T I C Rainforests 0 1,000 2,000 4,000 Miles CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 9

12 8 Global Distribution of Deserts VA #8 Global Distribution of Deserts ARCTIC OCEAN NORTH PACIFIC NORTH ATLANTIC 23.5 T ROPIC O F C ANCER E QUATOR INDIAN PACIFIC 0 OCEAN OCEAN 23.5 T ROPIC O F C APRICORN 23.5 SOUTH PACIFIC SOUTH ATLANTIC Deserts 0 1,000 2,000 4,000 Miles 10 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

13 9 Rainforest Uses VA #9 Rainforest Uses Ecosystems Goods (5 points) Trees Flowers Soil Water Oxygen Ecosystems Services (5 points) Oxygen production Carbon sequestration (long-term storage of carbon in forests, soil, and oceans) Erosion control Nutrient cycling Regulation of water cycle Human Uses (5 points) Timber for construction Agricultural crop seed sources Pharmaceutical/medicinal discovery sources Foodstuffs, including spices, nuts, and berries Roots of plants keep soil in plant and prevent erosion CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 11

14 10 Solar and Wind Power from the Desert VA #10 Solar and Wind Power from the Desert Solar Collectors Wind Turbines 12 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

15 11 Desert Uses VA #11 Desert Uses Ecosystems Goods (5 points) Land Plants Animals Petrolium crude oil Minerals, precious metals, and gemstones Ecosystems Services (5 points) Atmospheric services (for example heat, wind) Water supply/storage Potential for solar and wind power Erosion control Pollination by insects Human Uses (5 points) Solar and wind energy Recreation Food production Land for farming Habitat for plants and animals Land for development and housing CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 13

16 12 Human Activities in Rainforests VA #12 Human Activities in Rainforests 14 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

17 13 Border Between Haiti and Dominican Republic VA #13 Border Between Haiti and Dominican Republic CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 15

18 14 Human Activities in Deserts VA #14 Human Activities in Deserts 16 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

19 15 World Biomes VA #15 World Biomes ARCTIC OCEAN 23.5 NORTH NORTH PA C I F I C AT L A N T I C 23.5 T ROPIC O F C ANCER PA C I F I C 0 0 E QUATOR OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN T ROPIC O F C APRICORN SOUTH SOUTH AT L A N T I C PA C I F I C 0 1,000 2,000 Desert Alpine Deciduous Forest Rainforest Taiga Savanna Chaparral Tundra/Polar Grassland 4,000 Miles CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 17

20 16 Ecosystem Recovery VA #16 Ecosystem Recovery 18 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

21 17 Global Desertification Vulnerability Map VA #17 Global Desertification Vulnerability Map ARCTIC OCEAN NORTH PACIFIC NORTH ATLANTIC 23.5 T ROPIC O F C ANCER E QUATOR INDIAN PACIFIC 0 OCEAN OCEAN 23.5 T ROPIC O F C APRICORN 23.5 SOUTH SOUTH PACIFIC ATLANTIC 0 1,000 2,000 4,000 Miles REGIONS Arid Semi-Arid DESERTIFICATION VULNERABILITY High Moderate CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 19

22 18 Changing Boundaries of the Sahara Desert VA #18 Changing Boundaries of the Sahara Desert Sahara 8,000 Years Ago Gobero Ancient Burial Site Sahara Today Gobero Ancient Burial Site 20 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

23 19 Artifacts of the Kiffian Culture VA #19 Artifacts of the Kiffian Culture fishhook tool spear tip harpoon harpoon CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 21

24 20 Global Temperature Change VA #20 Global Temperature Change Change in Temperature ( C) Kiffians Holocene Maximum Little Ice Age Tenerians Thousands of Years (Before Present) Kiffian Culture lived in Green Sahara Tenerian Culture lived in Green Sahara 22 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

25 21 Artifacts of the Tenerian Culture VA #21 Artifacts of the Tenerian Culture arrowhead tool from antelope knuckles arrowhead CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 23

26 22 Mojave Desert Ecosystem VA #22 Mojave Desert Ecosystem Oregon Idaho Wyoming Nevada Utah California Mojave Desert Arizona 24 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

27 23 Who Manages California s Mojave Desert Lands? VA #23 Who Manages California s Mojave Desert Lands? Bureau of Land Management National Park Service Private Landowners/Municipalities Department of Defense State Parks/Fish and Game CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 25

28 24 Desert Crusts VA # 24 Desert Crusts 26 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s

29 25 Spatial Map for Soil Compaction Recovery VA #25 Spatial Map for Soil Compaction Recovery YEARS KILOMETERS Miles Geospatial map of the USGS Recoverability and Vulnerability of Desert Ecosystems (RVDE) study site in the Mojave Desert shows the time necessary to recover from soil compaction. Source: Used with permission of the U.S. Geological Survey. CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit E.5.e. I Rainforests and Deserts: Distribution, Uses, and Human Influences I s 27

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32 California Education and the Environment Initiative E5eVA Printed on post-consumer recycled paper