Shellfish Upweller Nurseries. Dale Leavitt Aquaculture Extension Specialist

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Shellfish Upweller Nurseries. Dale Leavitt Aquaculture Extension Specialist"

Frederica Austin
6 years ago
Views:

1 Shellfish Upweller Nurseries Dale Leavitt Aquaculture Extension Specialist

2 Technique for growing juvenile shellfish Downweller Nursery

3 RWU Downweller

4 Technique for growing juvenile shellfish Raceway Culture Nursery

5 Raceway Culture System

6 Technique for growing juvenile shellfish Field Nursery

7 Technique for growing juvenile shellfish Upweller Nursery Upweller Nursery

8 Upweller Nursery

9 Technique for growing juvenile shellfish Upweller Nursery: advantages & disadvantages Advantages good water flow pattern

10 Technique for growing juvenile shellfish Upweller Nursery: advantages & disadvantages Advantages good water flow pattern high food flux high stocking density predators excluded Disadvantages requires access to water relatively high start-up cost high maintenance

11 Developing an shellfish nursery Upweller design strategies - four options Onshore within a structure Onshore exposed to weather Floating with shore power Floating without shore power

12 Onshore within a structure Basically a building next to the water Protected from the elements Reduces biofouling Utilities nearby User friendly

13 Onshore within a structure But.! Limited availability VERY expensive!!! Hard to justify for seasonal use Need to lift water

14 Onshore exposed to the elements Land or dock space next to the water Less expensive than a building Somewhat protected Utilities nearby User friendly

15 Onshore exposed to the elements But.! Limited availability Moderately expensive Mother Nature Exposed to outside tampering Need to lift water

16 Floating with shore power On the water, frequently associated with a marina FLUPSY - FLoating UPweller SYsyem At a water source Lower operating costs Utilities nearby User friendly

17 Floating with shore power But! Limited access Mother Nature! Exposed to outside interference Water quality

18 Floating with shore power

19 Floating without shore power On the water, frequently at a mooring. At a water source Mobile Not dependent on shoreside utilities Minimal operating costs

20 Floating without shore power But! Limited access Not protected from disturbance (nature and human) Utilities not nearby Not user friendly

21 Developing a shellfish nursery Purchase/acquire seed from hatchery Size & amount? Nursery System design Downweller (175 to 500 mm). Upweller (500 mm to 25 mm). Raceway (3 mm to 25 mm). Field nursery (>3 mm)

22 Developing a shellfish nursery How does one develop a shellfish nursery system? Assess your needs Identify your location Decide on your general design strategy Obtain permits Purchase and install system Get seed

23 Developing a shellfish nursery Assessing your needs? What shellfish are you growing? How many do you want to grow? What size seed will you acquire? How large do you want to grow them in the nursery? How much time can you spend maintaining the system? How much money do you have to invest in the system?

24 Developing a shellfish nursery Identifying your location? What space do I have available? What are the water characteristics? For shellfish to survive? For shellfish to grow? What utilities do I have on-site? What is my primary means to access the site?

25 Design considerations Various options when designing the upweller Tank design Discharge placement Silo shape Silo construction material Pump design and placement Size

26 Design considerations Tank design Generally square tank or trough

27 Design considerations Alternate tank designs No tank

28 Design considerations Drain placement Central trough vs Outboard discharge

29 Design considerations Silo shape Square vs Round

30 Design considerations Silo Material Wood vs. Plastic vs. Fiberglass

31 Design considerations Materials for Silo Construction Duct Pipe

32 Design considerations Materials for Silo Construction Duct Pipe Sewer Pipe

33 Design considerations Materials for Silo Construction Duct Pipe Sewer Pipe Plastic Barrels

34 Design considerations Materials for Silo Construction Duct Pipe Sewer Pipe Plastic Barrels Plastic Buckets

35 Design considerations Materials for Silo Construction Duct Pipe Sewer Pipe Plastic Barrels Plastic Buckets Sheet plastic

36 Design considerations Materials for Silo Construction Duct Pipe Sewer Pipe Plastic Barrels Plastic Buckets Sheet plastic Fiberglass

37 Design considerations Centrifugal Pumps Surface mount vs Submersible

38 Design considerations Other Pumps Axial Flow Pump upstream

39 Design considerations Other Pumps Axial Flow Pump upstream downstream

40 Design considerations Other Pumps Axial Flow Pump Paddlewheel

41 Design considerations Other Pumps Axial Flow Pump Paddlewheel Airlift

42 Design considerations Scale Small

43 Design considerations Scale Small to Not so small

44 Two questions seem to always come up! How much flow do I need to provide through the upweller? How many seed can I put in the upweller? or How big an upweller do I need for X million seed? Sometimes the answer to these two questions can be combined. For example - a Rule of Thumb you may have heard 100 gpm per 100,000 seed However we can do better than that! Need to think about Flow Stocking density

45 Upweller Comparison Data - flow Upweller Data flow silo area flow/area (gpm / silo) (in 2 ) (gpm/in 2 ) Literature values * Malinowski * Manzi et al Upwellers Floating airlift Harwich * NC/Mook tidal raft book * Tidal raft Eastham Land-based - outside Mashpee * Land-based - outside Falmouth Land-based - outside Yarmouth * Land-based - inside Chatham Land-based - inside Harwich Raft-based - outside Brewster * Axial flow SEMAC * FLUPSY - conv Leavitt * FLUPSY - modifed Leavitt * FLUPSY - solar Leavitt Average = 0.08 gal/in 2 /min Best = 0.10 gal/in 2 /min

46 Calculating stocking density How much seed can you put in an upweller? It is very site specific! Need to calculate a starting point. Adjust your stocking density as you learn your system and your waters.

47 Silo Stocking Densities (from Malinowski 1986)

48 Silo Stocking Density (from Jones & Jones 1993) The following chart shows the number of individual upwell units required to produce seed of 6-8mm outplanting size, given a flow rate of 20 l/min/l seed.

49 Upweller Comparison Data - Density Upweller Data flow silo area flow/area clams/silo clams/area clams/area-flow Literature values (gpm / silo) (in 2 ) (gpm/in 2 ) (#) (# / in 2 ) (# / in 2 -gpm) * Malinowski , * Manzi et al , Upwellers Floating airlift Harwich , * NC/Mook tidal raft book , * Tidal raft Eastham , Land-based - outside Mashpee , * Land-based - outside Falmouth , Land-based - outside Yarmouth , * Land-based - inside Chatham , Land-based - inside Harwich , Raft-based - outside Brewster , * Axial flow SEMAC , * FLUPSY - conv Leavitt , * FLUPSY - modifed Leavitt , * FLUPSY - solar Leavitt , Average = 13.7 #/gal/in 2 /min Best = 4.8 #/gal/in 2 /min

50 Calculating approximate stocking density Surface area of 18 inch diameter round silo A = p r 2 A = 3.14 x 9 2 = in 2 Flow rate is 75 gpm through each silo Target density is 5 clams/gpm-in 2 (@ 10 mm) Stocking density in a six silo system? Stocking density per silo: in 2 x 75 gpm x 5 clams/gpm-in 2 = 95,362 clams Capacity of upweller system: 6 95,362 clams/silo = 572,175 clams

51 The final product Whatever the nursery system set-up, the objective is the grow the largest and healthiest animals in the least amount of time at the least cost.

Oyster Culture. Vanessa Weldon extension

Oyster Culture. Vanessa Weldon extension Oyster Culture Vanessa Weldon extension vmaxwell24@gmail.com Overview Biology Lifecycle Hatchery Nursery Grow-out methods Extensive Intensive Advances in culture techniques Issues facing the oyster industry