UCMR4 and Other Future Regulations

Transcription

1 UCMR4 and Other Future Regulations July 2017 Bill Dowbiggin, P.E., BCEE Presentation Outline UCMR4 and Why it is Important (Dec 20, 2016 CFR Final Rule) The UCMR4 Analytes and their Health Effect Levels UCMR4 Schedule and Details Other Emerging Contaminant Issues of the Past Year Summary of Anticipated Future Regulations Discuss Potential Limits and Options for Compliance with the Regulations for Each Possible Regulation of Concern Conclusions 2 1

2 (15 years on Average to Produce a Regulation) 3 4 2

3 Source : EPA 5 ANALYTES 30 UCMR4 List 1 Analytes One Cyanotoxin Group using EPA Method 546 (Adda ELISA): Seven Cyanotoxins using EPA Method 544 (SPE LC MS/MS): Two Cyanotoxins using EPA Method 545 (LC/ESI MS/MS): Two Metals using EPA Method (ICP MS) or alternate SM or ASTM Nine Pesticides using EPA Method (SPE GC/MS): Three Brominated HAA Groups using EPA Method (GC/ECD) or 557 (IC/ESI MS/MS) Three Alcohols using EPA Method 541 (GC/MS): Three Semivolatile Organic Chemicals (SVOCs) using EPA Method (GC/MS): 3

4 UCMR4 List 1 Analytes One Cyanotoxin Group using EPA Method 546 (Adda ELISA): total microcystins. Seven Cyanotoxins using EPA Method 544 (SPE LC MS/MS): microcystin LA. microcystin LF. Microcystin LR. Microcystin LY. Microcystin RR. Microcystin YR. Nodularin. Two Cyanotoxins using EPA Method 545 (LC/ESI MS/MS): Anatoxin a. Cylindrospermospin. Two Metals using EPA Method (ICP MS) or alternate SM or ASTM Germanium. Manganese. 7 Alpha hexachlorocyclohexane. Chlorpyrifos Dimethipin. Ethoprop. Oxyfluorfen. HAA5. HAA6Br. UCMR4 List 1 Analytes (cont.) Nine Pesticides: Profenofos. Tebuconazole. Total Permethrin (cis & trans ). Tribufos. Three Brominated HAA Groups: HAA9. Three Alcohols: 1 butanol. 2 propen 1 ol. 2 methoxyethanol. Three Semivolatile Organic Chemicals (SVOCs): Butylated hydroxyanisole. Quinolone. 8 o toluidine. 4

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12 Other Emerging Contaminant Issues of the Past Year EPA publishes Health Advisory of 70 ppt for the sum of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) (FR notice May 2016) Dupont Chemours replaced PFOA with GenX (a shorter chain perfluorinated chemical) that is poorly removed by most treatment technologies, but is reported by Dupont Chemours to be much less toxic than PFOA GenX and other Perfluorinated Chemicals in the Cape Fear River near Wilmington make News Headlines Continued Investigations into 1,4 Dioxane Concentrations in the Cape Fear River 23 Possible Future Regulations to Discuss No New Limits this past year just health advisories EPA formally decided to regulate Perchlorate in February 2011 but that limit is still not promulgated Anticipated to have future regulations: Strontium (Delayed Final Regulatory Determination) Disinfection Byproducts such as Nitrosamines and Chlorate Algal Toxins / EPA Advisory Trace Organic Chemicals (PFOA+PFOS Health Advisory in 2016) Cr (VI) Carcinogenic VOC s as a group Lead and Copper Rule Update 24 12

13 Possible Future Regulations for Drinking Water and How to Comply CCL4 has been finalized monitoring will be in Perchlorate has been determined to be regulated Ion exchange and RO can remove it. EPA established an Interim Lifetime Drinking Water Health Advisory of 15 ug/l Strontium final determination has been delayed Ion exchange, RO, and adsorption can remove it. HRL revised to 1.5 mg/l in preliminary reg. determination but no final determination yet NDMA/Nitrosamines and Chlorate should be addressed in the 6 year regulation review for the disinfection byproducts control formation of chlorate Options for Nitrosamines, THMs and HAAs include precursor removal or DBP formation control if close or over limits/guidance, do a DBP control study. Chlorate Health Reference Level (HRL) = 0.21 mg/l. EPA calculated a screening level of 0.42 ng/l for NDMA based on a 1 in 10 6 lifetime excess cancer risk (EPA 2013 per NDMA January 2014 Technical Fact Sheet). California has a 10 ng/l Notification Limit for NDMA and other nitrosamines with Public Health Goal for NDMA = 3 ng/l 25 Possible Future Regulations for Drinking Water and How to Comply Algal toxins may be best controlled through algae control techniques then treatment with PAC, GAC or oxidation as required. EPA Health Advisory for School age & Adults is 1.6 ug/l microcystins & 3.0 ug/l cylindrospermopsin (0.3 and 0.7 ug/l respectively for younger children) Trace Organic Chemicals continue to be detected in drinking waters. Optional barriers include GAC, PAC, AOP, ozone, biofiltration, RO. PFOS+PFOA health advisory level of 70 ppt set in 2016 Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI) could be limited long term. Treatment options include ion exchange, RO and reduction/coagulation/filtration. CA limit for Cr(VI) is 0.01 mg/l 26 13

14 Possible Future Regulations for Drinking Water and How to Comply Carcinogenic VOCs are planned to be regulated as a group many of these are already regulated Air Stripping or GAC can be used for treatment Lead and copper rule updates are likely to push for removal of lead service lines. Corrosion control is important for all distribution system infrastructure. 27 Don t Forget Iron Corrosion 28 14

15 Possible Future Regulations for Drinking Water and How to Comply Monitoring detections of a variety of contaminants in NC Waters from past UCMR s such as 1,4 Dioxane and Perfluorinated Compounds have shown the Importance of Preparing for these Regulations both for Compliance with the Monitoring Requirements and for the Ramifications of Detections 29 Questions? dowbigginwb@cdmsmith.com