D o w C o r n i n g b r a n d B u i l d i n g M a t e r i a l P r o t e c t i o n. P r o d u c t S e l e c t i o n G u i d e

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1 D o w C o r n i n g b r a n d B u i l d i n g M a t e r i a l P r o t e c t i o n P r o d u c t S e l e c t i o n G u i d e

2 ur Science for Your Success For more than 60 years, experts in construction have relied on Dow Corning brand materials for longer-lasting, lower-maintenance building protection solutions. Globally or locally, our silicon science can help you build success. Your customers expect more. Give them the best with Dow Corning s latest technologies to build tomorrow s structures today. This guide showcases high-performance materials that help build your projects to last. Because selecting the right building protection materials now prevents costly repairs later. AV10093 How to Use This Guide This guide will help you explore the properties and performance capabilities of Dow Corning s global line of products for building materials protection. Page 3 Introduction to product lines and classifications Page 4 Physical and chemical properties of silicones Page 8 Hydrophobing products Page 9 Adhesion promotion and coupling agents Page 10 Binder/reinforcement materials Page 11 Process aids Turn to Dow Corning and let us help you invent the future of building materials protection. 2

3 Real Solutions for Real Market Needs Need more information? Visit The Dow Corning website gives you immediate access to: Product samples Product literature and technical data sheets Technical articles and presentations Live Help the opportunity to chat on-line with Dow Corning building materials protection experts Customer service Information about services and solutions The name of a technically knowledgeable Dow Corning distributor near you Leading architects and building designers have relied on Dow Corning construction solutions for decades. From sealants and glazing compounds to weatherproofing seals and concrete admixtures, our innovative silane and siliconbased materials ensure longer-lasting performance with lower-cost maintenance. Nature is a formidable enemy and today s customers expect built-in protection and loss prevention. Construction materials are exposed to damaging environments ranging from water ingression, abrasion by airborne particles, and attack by organisms and spills. Dow Corning products are designed to help improve the durability of building products and enhance end product capabilities. ur advanced solutions incorporate new types of fillers, raw materials, additives, and processing techniques. We bring you performance enhancement, innovative thinking, technical expertise, and process improvement. And, our technologies can help you invent the future of building materials protection with: Hydrophobic Treatments Adhesion Promoters & Coupling Agents Binding & Reinforcing Products Processing Aids Choose from a wide range of silanes, siloxanes, resins, additives, blends, and emulsions to maximize substrate life, reduce maintenance, and improve aesthetics. And, most important, meet customer demands for superior performance. 3 We can help you differentiate your products and services.

4 Physical and Chemical Properties of licones licones are present in many forms and functionalities and can be used in combination to yield the desired properties. licone Chemistry The Unique Properties of licones Molecular Characteristics Highly open, flexible, and mobile siloxane backbone High bond strength 435 kjmol -1 - (cf. 350 kjmol -1 C-C) Physicochemical Properties Low surface tension and energy High spreading and wetting capabilities Permeable to gas and water vapor Heat stability Compatibility with organics Weather resistance Applications Lubricant Antifouling Release agent Aesthetic feel (softness) Comfort High-temperature processing Can be sterilized Hydrophobic/hydrophilic Breathable Figure 1. Customized Solutions -rganic Alloys -Polymer rganics Co-Polymers rgano-functional licones -Inorganics (Metallic) Alloys Industrial Grade Basic Raw Material licon Thermoplastic Elastomers Resin Particle rganic Composites Electronic Grades Photovoltaic Semiconductor Cyclics Fluids Polysiloxanes Fluids Rubber Elastomers licones -Inorganics licates liconates lanes Polysilanes rgano-functional Coupling Agents Alkoxy lanes Resin-Linears Disiloxanes Disilanes Resins 2 lica Fume lazanes Polycarbosilanes S I L I C N M AT E R I A L S The silicon tree has many branches that allow Dow Corning to customize technologies. Contact us today to find out how we can partner with you to develop new silicon-based technologies to meet your business needs. ur team of technical, sales and marketing professionals is here to assist you with new product development concepts and current product enhancements. 4

5 licon g lica g lane g loxane licon =. Second most abundant element on Earth. Atomic number 14. Able to form four stable bonds like carbon. lica = 2. The simplest compound of silicon. Very common as sand or quartz (crystalline) or refined forms such as silica fume, precipitated or fumed silica (amorphous). lane. A molecule comprised of one central silicon atom with four attachments. The attachments can be any combination of organic or inorganic groups. licone or loxane. An oligomeric or polymeric compound with repeating - (siloxane) units. licone Emulsion. In silicone technology, typically a silicone polymer suspended in water by means of stabilizing surfactants. More than one ingredient can be suspended within an emulsion. Formulations and Blends. Multi-ingredient compositions intended for specific uses. Features Unique reactivity allows chemistry similar to carbon, but, especially when bonded to oxygen, forms a longer, stronger, more flexible chemical bond. lica is used as a mineral reinforcement for many filled polymer systems and exists in many useful forms. lica fume (microsilica) is an extremely effective pozzolonic material used in concrete to increase strength and chemical resistance and decrease porosity. Alkoxy silanes with attached alkyl groups are efficient and effective water repellent treatments for concrete and masonry. lanes with both organic and inorganic attachments are used as coupling agents with many useful variations. Inherently resistant to UV, heat, and oxidative degradation. licones can be made as linear fluids, functional polymers, and resins. By varying structure, attachments, and molecular weight, they can be made into thousands of useful products. Emulsion technology allows water-borne formulations to be used to deliver many types of ingredients that would otherwise require solvents or would be too viscous to use effectively. Formulated products can take advantage of more than one type of material in a common package. For example, silane reactivity and penetration can be combined with siloxane mobility and water beading. Blends and formulations can be made with basic fluids, diluted with solvent, made into emulsions or even transformed into powders. The terminology around silicon chemistry can be confusing. The above table will help you understand how the various forms of silicon can be developed into formulations to protect or enhance your construction products. Figure 2. licone-based products penetrate deeply, forming a repellent layer within the substrate. Most siloxanes and silanes are very small molecules, and when applied to the surface of a suitable substrate, penetrate deeply. They react with the substrate and themselves to provide durability. When cured, they allow water vapor transmission while preventing liquid water, which could contain dissolved chloride ions or acids, to pass into the substrate. Figure 3. Hydrolyzed silane R H groups formed when the silane reacts with water (hydrolysis) can further react with H groups (via condensation) in the substrate and form chemical attachments. Condensation also occurs between silanes, forming an -- polymer. The alkyl groups (R groups) orient away from the surface to very effectively repel water. H H H Condensation releases H 2 R H H R R 5

6 Product Properties General Dilution Description Products 1 System Chemistry Substrate/pH Type lanes Z-6341 Solvent ctyl triethoxysilane Alkaline substrates such as new concrete (ph 12-14) Z-6403 Solvent Butyl triethoxysilane Concrete (ph 12-14) Z-2306 Solvent Butyl trimethoxysilane Concrete (ph 12-14) Water Based loxane lane/loxane Blend (Solvent Dilutable) lane/loxane Blend (Water Dilutable) Z-6665 Solvent ctyl trimethoxysilane Alkaline substrates such as new concrete (ph 12-14) Water Amino silsesquioxane ph neutral to 10 Z-6689 Solvent Solventless silane/siloxane blend 520 Water lane/siloxane emulsion blend Neutral and moderately alkaline substrates such as brick, stone, and aged concrete (ph neutral to 10) Alkaline or neutral substrates such as concrete, mortar and brick, stone (ph slightly alkaline to 12) loxane Emulsions Hydrophobic Powder IE-6683 Water lane/siloxane emulsion blend IE 6694 Water lane/siloxane emulsion blend Z-60 Water Hydroxy functional emulsion SHP 50 Dry ingredient lane-based powder Alkaline or neutral substrates such as concrete, mortar and brick, stone (ph slightly alkaline to 12) Alkaline or neutral substrates such as concrete, mortar and brick, stone (ph slightly alkaline to 12) Hydrophobic additive in cementitiousbased materials (ph neutral to 10/ admixture) Hydrophobic powder additive in cementitious-based materials liconates 772 Water Sodium methyl siliconate Neutral, bricks, ceramics (ph neutral to 10) 777 Water Potassium methyl siliconate Specialty Fluids 1107 Water Polymethylhydrogen siloxane 1109 Solvent Potassium methyl siliconate Neutral, bricks, ceramics (ph neutral to 10) Gypsum admixture Natural stone: limestone, sandstone, marble, and granite (ph neutral to 12) licone/rganic Blend Fluid Water lanol functional siloxane Perlite admixture or post-treatment material Water rgano-siloxane emulsion Can be applied to pretreated or untreated wood, and for formulations used in pressure treatment processes 1 All products are Dow Corning brand. 2 All VC calculations are based on US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 24 exclusive values. 6

7 Active Ingredient, % Typical Actives Usage Level, % Specific Gravity, kg/l Flash Point, C ( F) VC 2 fficial Test and Approvals or (145) 329 Approved at Swedish National Road Administration for surface treatment of concrete according to Bro or (144) 423 Meets NCHRP 244 Series II and IV and Alberta Testing Requirements or (95) 343 The Department Transport (UK), Technical Report No (1991) BE28/14/ or (152) to (81) 321 Rising moisture in masonry test. WBA at IBAC, Aachen Germany 98 5 to (50) 106 CSTC (Belgian Building Research Institute) Initial effectiveness, secondary effects and durability of water repellents HD-340/ to >100 (212) 284 Water Exclusion ASTM C642/c67, Meets ASTM E-514 Requirements 40 5 to >101 (214) 192 Meets ASTM E-514 Requirements 60 5 to >100 (212) 99 Meets SCAQMD Requirements of less than 100 g/l VC for water repellents to >101 (214) to >100 (212) to >100 (212) to >100 (212) to (142) to (86) 984 CSTC (Belgian Building Research Institute) Initial effectiveness, secondary effects and durability of water repellents HD-340/ to (212) to >100 (212) 71 7

8 Hydrophobing Products Dow Corning silane products have a proven history of providing water repellency and enhanced protection as a post-treatment, admixture, and in-situ treatment for common construction substrates. ur water repellent line provides protection from rebar corrosion, efflorescence, freeze-thaw damage, water penetration, oil penetration, mold and mildew. ur real solutions meet your real market needs. Dow Corning can help you meet your customers rising expectations for building material protection and lasting, low-maintenance damage prevention. ur solutions for hydrophobic treatments offer: Ease of Use & Handling Formulation Flexibility Water Repellency Efflorescence Control Cost Effectiveness Products 1 Substrates Hydrophobic Materials Z-6341 Z-6403 Z-2306 Z-6665 Z-6689 Z-6595 I IE-6683 IE-6694 Z Fluid SHP New Concrete ld Concrete Concrete Block Concrete Roof Tiles Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Damp Proof Coursing Pavers, Flagstones Bricks Mortar, Grout Stucco, Render, EIFS Floor Tiles & Terracotta Limestone Sandstone Marble Granite Gypsum Perlite Wood 1 All products are Dow Corning brand. Main Application Secondary Application EM Use 8

9 ur real solutions meet your real market needs. Dow Corning can help you meet your customers rising expectations for building material protection and lasting, low-maintenance damage prevention. ur solutions for promoting adhesion offer: Materials Compatibility Process Efficiency Enhanced Bonding Protection Durability Cost Effectiveness Adhesion Promotion/Coupling Agents Products 1 Z-6020 Z-6040 Z-6300 Z-6137 Substrates ld Concrete Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Mortar, Grout Stucco, Render, EIFS Wood Plastic Composites Asphalt Figure 4. The silane coupling mechanism. Inorganic Fiberglass Fillers Metals rganic Rubber Polymers Plastics Adhesion Promotion and Coupling Agents lane coupling agents are silicon-based chemicals that contain two types of reactivity inorganic and organic in the same molecule. A silane coupling agent will act at the interface between an inorganic substance (such as glass, metal or mineral) and an organic material (such as organic polymer, coating or adhesive) to bond or couple the two dissimilar materials. lane coupling agents can also be effective adhesion promoters when used as an additive to coatings or adhesives. The silanes must migrate to the interface between the adhered product and the substrate to be effective. When used as a coupling agent, Dow Corning silanes bind organic polymers to mineral or siliceous fillers, resulting in: Improved mixing Better bonding of pigment or fillers to resins Increased matrix strength Dow Corning silanes can be used to crosslink polymers such as acrylates, polyethers, polyurethanes, and polyesters to improve: Tear resistance Elongation at the break Tear propagation resistance Abrasion resistance Product Properties This chart lists examples of adhesion promotion and coupling agents that can be used with construction substrates to bind organic and inorganic materials. Please consult your Dow Corning technical associate for more information on specific material coupling and adhesion promotion products. Products 1 Dilution System Chemistry Z-6020 Alcohols or water Amino-methoxy functional silane Z-6040 Alcohols or water Epoxy-methoxy functional silane Active Ingredient, % Typical Actives Usage Level, % 99 Primer dilute to 10% active in isopropanol, additive.5-3% 98 Primer dilute to 10% active in isopropanol, additive.5-3% Specific Gravity, kg/l Flash Point, C ( F) (144) (214) Z-6300 Alcohols or water Vinyltrimethoxysilane % (72) Z-6137 Water or isopropyl (212) alcohol 1 All products are Dow Corning brand. Aqueous solution of amino-functional silicone polymers 98 Primer dilute to 10% active in isopropanol, additive.5-3% 9

10 Binder/Reinforcement Materials Dow Corning provides silane as well as silica fume products that enhance the binder network or reinforce the construction material. We are focused on strengthening as well as improving the durability of concrete, concrete composites, and cementitious-based materials. Let us help you come up with cost-effective solutions for your concretebased materials processing AV10055 Binder/Reinforcement Products 1 lica Fume Z-6697 Substrates New Concrete ld Concrete Concrete Block Concrete Roof Tiles Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Bricks Sandstone 1 All products are Dow Corning brand. ur real solutions meet your real market needs. Dow Corning can help you meet your customers rising expectations for building material protection and lasting, low-maintenance damage prevention. ur solutions for binding and reinforcing offer: Bonding Strength Lasting Performance Product Properties Cost Effectiveness Products 1 lica Fume Dilution System Chemistry Active Ingredient, % Typical Actives Usage Level, % Dry material lica % by mass of cement Z-6697 Water Tetra ethoxysilane 1 All products are Dow Corning brand. Specific Gravity, kg/l Flash Point, C ( F) 2.2 >500 (932) to (115) 10

11 ur real solutions meet your real market needs. Dow Corning can help you meet your customers rising expectations for building material protection and lasting, low-maintenance damage prevention. ur solutions for process aids offer: Ease of Processing Improved Productivity Reduced Energy & Waste Cost Effectiveness Process Aids Dow Corning products act as foam controllers, release agents, wetting agents, and catalysts. The products listed in this section represent only a portion of Dow Corning s total technical offerings. We also provide services to help evaluate your process and find the optimal solution. Here are examples of process aids that are good starting points for construction material processing. Many more products exist in the Dow Corning product line. Not all process aids will work in every process. Please consult your Dow Corning technical contact to determine which process aids will meet your specific needs. Process Aids Examples of common products that can Products 1 be used in construction processes Wetting Agents Q Antifoams 1430, Mold Release All products are Dow Corning brand. Dow Corning Business Technological Center (BTC), Seneffe, Belgium AV Let us help you invent the future of building materials protection.

12 Today s science can help you create tomorrow s success. Look to Dow Corning and you will find the right solutions for meeting today s customer expectations and tomorrow s demands. ur science and your creativity can shape the next generation of high-performance construction materials. Building protection now costs far less than remediation. For more information about building materials protection, real solutions for meeting real market needs, please visit How To Contact Us Dow Corning has sales offices, manufacturing sites, and science and technology laboratories around the globe. Telephone numbers of locations near you are available at or by calling one of our primary locations listed below. Construction Sales ffices The Americas United States Dow Corning Corporation Corporate Headquarters Tel.: Brasil Dow Corning do Brasil Ltda. Tel.: Mexico Dow Corning de México S.A. de C.V. Tel Front cover photo: AV05126 LIMITED WARRANTY INFRMATIN PLEASE READ CAREFULLY The information contained herein is offered in good faith and is believed to be accurate. However, because conditions and methods of use of our products are beyond our control, this information should not be used in substitution for customer s tests to ensure that Dow Corning s products are safe, effective, and fully satisfactory for the intended end use. Suggestions of use shall not be taken as inducements to infringe any patent. Dow Corning s sole warranty is that the product will meet the Dow Corning sales specifications in effect at the time of shipment. Your exclusive remedy for breach of such warranty is limited to refund of purchase price or replacement of any product shown to be other than as warranted. DW CRNING SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY THER EXPRESS R IMPLIED WARRANTY F FITNESS FR A PARTICULAR PURPSE R MERCHANTABILITY. DW CRNING DISCLAIMS LIABILITY FR ANY INCIDENTAL R CNSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. Dow Corning is a registered trademark of Dow Corning Corporation. We help you invent the future is a trademark of Dow Corning Corporation Dow Corning Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in USA AGP8757 Form No