ENERGY ENGINEERING ANALYSIS PROGRAM. Fort KnoXj Kentucky FINAL REPORT MARCH 1993 VOLUME I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. Prepared For:

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1 ENERGY ENGINEERING ANALYSIS PROGRAM ENERGY SURVEY OF ARMY BOILER & CHILLER PLANTS AT Fort KnoXj Kentucky FINAL REPORT MARCH 1993 VOLUME I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Prepared For: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers P.O. Box 59 Louisville, Kentucky IjggjjIsgQ?! gtätsmgggjl I IKSG t)"aisy INSPECTED 3 "^^Tta^bir^i^ 1 BENATECH, INC. Ugb**ja&ate±^! 77 7 NE Expressway Atlanta, Georgia (404) ARMY CONTRACT NO. DACA27-90-C-0170

2 CONSTRUCTION FNGIVEERIN'G RESEARCH LABORATORIES, CORPS OP F.NGrNEERS P.O. BOX 9005 CIIA.VIPAIGN, ILLINOIS REPLY-TO ATTENTION OF: TR-I Library 17 Sep 1997 Based on SOW, these Energy Studies are unclassified/unlimited. Distribution A. Approved for public release. Marie Wakei Librarian'Engineering

3 MASTER TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VOLUME II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY NARRATIVE Section 1 Introduction Section 2 Existing Conditions VOLUME ffl Section 3 O&Ms Section 4 ECOs Section 5 Studies by Others Section 6 Results Section 7 Recommendations & Conclusions Appendix A Scope of Work Appendix B Correspondence VOLUME IV Appendix C Programming Documentation VOLUME V Appendix D Boiler Efficiency Calculations Appendix E Chiller ECOs VOLUME VI Appendix E (Continued) Chiller ECOs VOLUME VE Appendix F Boiler ECOs VOLUME Vffl Appendix G Field Data Forms NOTE: In accordance with the Scope of Work, Appendix G - Field Data Forms, was submitted only with the Interim Submittal of this report.

4 ABBREVIATIONS A Amps BHP Boiler Horse Power BPO Back Pull Out Pump Configuration, allows Impeller Service without Disturbing Piping Connections BTU British Thermal Unit CC Cent. Close Coupled, End Suction Centrifugal Pump CHW Lvg. Chilled Water Temperature in F Leaving the Chiller Heat Exchanger CHW Ent. Chilled Water Temperature in F Entering the Chiller Heat Exchanger CHW Chilled Water C0 2 Carbon Dioxide DA Deaerator DB Dry Bulb Temperature, Ordinary Air Temperature ECO Cooling Tower, Two Speed Fan Analysis EMCS Energy Management and Control System ES Cent. End Suction Centrifugal Pump F Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit FD Forced Draft FLA Full Load Amps FT WC Unit of Pressure, Feet of Water Column, Equal to.433 PSI

5 ABBREVIATIONS Page Two GPM Gallons Per Minute (H) Honeywell Combustion Data H-O-A Three Position, Hand-Off Automatic, Control Switch providing On, Off, and Automatic Operation of the Equipment Switched HW Hot Water ID Induced Draft kw kilowatts MBH Thousand BTU Per Hour N 2 Nitrogen (O) Orsat Combustion Data 0 2 Oxygen PF Power Factor, Ratio of Actual Electrical Power to Apparent Power; i.e, Actual Watts/(Volts x Amps). Specifically the Cosine of the Phase Angle between Volts and Amps. PPH Pounds Per Hour PRV Pressure Reducing Valve PSIG Pounds Per Square Inch, Gage RLA Running Load Amps (T) Teledyne Combustion Data V-3PH Voltage in Three Phase Circuit WB Wet Bulb Temperature, Temperature of Water in Equilibrium with Ambient Air, Obtained by Exposing a Moistened Wick to Ambient Air.

6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.2 Scope 2. BOILER PLANT DATA 3. CHILLER PLANT DATA 4. PRESENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION 4.1 Boilers 4.2 Chillers 5. ENERGY CONSERVATION ANALYSIS 5.1 ECOs Investigated 5.2 ECOs Recommended 5.3 ECOs Rejected 5.4 Projects Developed 5.5 Operation and Maintenance Recommendations 6. ENERGY AND COST SAVINGS 6.1 Total Potential Energy and Cost Savings 6.2 Percentage of Energy Conserved 6.3 Current and Projected Energy Use and Cost ES -

7 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND: This is the final report of an Energy Engineering Analysis Program (EEAP) study of boilers and chillers at Fort Knox, Kentucky. In September 1990, work was begun on the project by BENATECH, INC. under Contract No. DACA27-90-T-0080, with the Louisville District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The following activities have been accomplished: Detailed field investigations have been conducted. ECO calculations have been performed and life-cycle analyses have been accomplished. Programming documentation has been prepared based on guidance provided by the Louisville District COE. Final report is complete and submitted for review. 1.2 SCOPE: The Scope of Work specified in Contract No. DACA27-90-T-0080 (included in this report in Appendix A) requires the performance of a detailed energy study. The energy conservation opportunities analyzed under this study will serve as part of the overall effort at Ft. Knox to reduce basewide energy use in accordance with the objectives set forth in the Armv Energy Program. The contract Scope of Work (SOW) for Ft. Knox outlines the following specific requirements. Determine the efficiency of the boiler/chiller plants by appropriate tests. ES

8 Survey the boiler/chiller plants to determine if efficiency can be improved by the repair, addition, or modification of equipment and recommend improvements. Evaluate the control system and recommend upgrading, adjustment, repair, or replacement of controls which will improve the efficiency of the plant. Review operations and maintenance practices and provide recommendations which will increase plant efficiency. Prepare a comprehensive report to document the work performed, results, and recommendations. ES -

9 2.0 BOILER PLANT DATA Figure ES2-1 provides a listing of the thirteen boilers addressed by this study and summarizes boiler efficiency test results. FIGURE ES2-1 BOILER PLANT DATA BLDG BOILER BOILER BOILER BOILER CALCULATED # # MAKE CAPACITY MODEL EFFICIENCY (Or Size Typ«) (At Tart Condition«) Vogt 35,000 PPH VF 69.8% 2 Vogt 35,000 PPH VF 69.5% 3 Vogt 35,000 PPH VF 70.9% LaMont 26,000 MBH LFW % 2 LaMont 26,000 MBH LFW % Burnham 6,900 PPH 3P % 2 Burnham 6,900 PPH 3P % 3 Burnham 2,760 PPH 3P % (L) Titusville 12,000 PPH HRT 66.5% 2 (R) Titusville 12,000 PPH HRT 63.7% Superior 4,312 PPH % 2 Superior 4,312 PPH % International 12,000 PPH IDH % ES

10 3.0 CHILLER PLANT DATA Figure ES3-1 provides a listing of the fifty-three chiller plants addressed by this study and summarizes chiller efficiency test results. ES -

11 E- 5 a «& o CO O N. O N 00 o a> N. CO oo SJ o l- CO CO O CM r- CO el CD S CM 10 CM 1- «* T- CM CM * CO CO CM T C0 a CO Ü at CM % " " r*. 0) o o' r^ T 1 o H a a» Z Tj- CO * CO LO CO LO l*~ ' LO CD CO LO CD t o> o g "fr CM CO CO CO CM N i^ CO ' CO CM i CO CO O) 00 1-CO O)»t CM 1- o CO CO LU CU c 3 RATED TONS CO O O o o O o o o * oo o o o CM Tl- * CO CM CM LO CO COCO CO CO O in o CO o CO CO CO CO o LO O o COCO CO o T- ^- T H H X X X X X X o cc X X XX X X X X X X X o Z & o oo ÜÜ o o o o o y y. oo o o o o o o < << << < < < < < << << < < < < < < as o us CM o < z o << << cc o < << << o CO CO CO LU LLI LU LU CO CC CO LU LU LU LU LL. CO CO o o o CO CO CO CO 3 CD o CO CO CO CO < o o 't * I-«oo o o CO CM o o CM CM v T Q o o o o o LO T CO ^ o o o o o ^ T- 3 3 < O CO CO CO CO I o a - CO s» coco CO CO ^- y 3 LO O << << < Q m o o << << < o o o o o <r < < CM < < < < < ^ o << << < (D LU o << << < o o o o o CM cc oc cc cc CC o o CO CM CC cc CC cc CC CM CM CM CM < tf 5 cu + < o T CU + " o j ü z a> CU z cu cu cu o cu O cu z CO z CO u 5 o> CU CD CU CD a» cu cu u 0) a) cu * * * ' ^J c c C C c c c c c c c c CU cu ^2 H CO CO co co co CO CO l-h t-i co co co co CO HH CU l-h h-l CU l-h m 5 CO c c C _ c _ C- CO CO _ C L. C - COCO CO coco CO 1 H t-h Hl h- H H Hl- hl- 1- H^ H H ' 1- a ~~. ^^^ 3 SI «"»N CM 00 s Q n i i 1 1 i 1 t i 1 X X X XX X X X X X XX X X X X X X XX X X Ü ÜÜ oo o o o o o oo oo o oo o oo o o BLl CHILI * 9 pa I*» 00 CO * LO O) CM CO <* lo CO o CO r- CO N r». 1*» 00 oo oo T oo 00 CM T- ~ * * * «t * >t <t * -* c». Ü N 00 CO O) O) CM CM CM oo % T" CM CO * lo co N 00 0) o T- CM CO * lo CO p* ES -

12 <s o a «- s 01 > > > > > > > fe o in > <t o SCO Sco N3 Soo S* O CM CO O) CO O CM H j;co lo CO JCO 00 SCO o o 0> CO CO T CO N ^ ^ a 9 &CM CM T- 1 Jzt c o ^ c o T^ c o ^^ c T- & C 8-T- C CM - CM - T- *-*- o CM H 2 «j Z > CO i CO i- N ' w i CO CM i ' CO N O) "* O) 00 co C0CO w o CM CO CM Ti- CO CO LO i ' CO CM T CO T CO LO r*. co H H CO CO LU CU C_ 3 CO H LL. RATED TONS O O o o O O o o o o O O o o O O o o 10 o o o o CO CO CO CO COCO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO o o CM CM H W X X X X XX X X XX XX XX X X X X o o o oo ÜÜ ü Ü ÜÜ ÜÜ oo o o oo o o o o o o o ÜÜ << << << << << << << << < < < < < << a «o 9 WS z z z << << << << << << << << s CO CO UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ LU UJ UJ LU UJ UJ UJ LU UJ < CO LU LU CO CO CO CO coco CO CO COCO CO CO CO CO CO CO UJ o a 1-1 oo CO o < o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o CO LO o o CM CM CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO -CO CO CO CO o CO CO CO a a << << << << << << << << CO o o o o oo = a. cc cc 33 << << << << << << << << < -1 _l 1 cc cr cr oc cr cc cc cc cc cc cc tr cc cc cc cc cc o < < < oo 0ti «S H u d ^ SI >> > >> cu cu a> cu a> a> CO CU a> a> cu a> CO CU cu cu a> 0) co co CO CO cu ^ c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c 2 co co co co co co co co co co co co co co co co CO CO a a a CO CO 5* c c _ _ c c_ _ C _ _ _ C_ C_ _ L. C c c o o o c_ c l-h- Hl- Hl- Hh- hh H-H Hl- h- h- H H z = = t-h * BLDG CHILLER i-cm T- CM i- CM T- CM T- CM i- CM l- CM y~ CM T- T ^ 1- ^ T- CM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X XX ÜO uu OO Ü o oo O O oo o o o o o o o oo * Ö 3 «CO * m (0 r- CO O) o T-" LO *t 0) o o N. r». r». l>» r>- f«n. CO CO CO CM -* LO 1^ CO co CO CO co CO CO CO CO CO N CM CM N CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM * * * * & N CO en O,_ CM CO 't LO CO N. CO O) o T T 5 CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CO Cu ES -

13 ^ 5 W -i- * CO CM o 1 CO O) o CM in O) v CO O) CO CO CO T- Tt ~ o> CO o o i_ 5 CO 00 '- 0) CO CO CM 0) O) CO at CO O CM o o o o T- T- 1 H g cc Z (O O) O) >* T- CO eg m en <t T CM * Tj- r- *fr o in T- CO g T- CO CO CO CM in in CO m CO CM * CO co r- CO CO CM CO CO 4- O CO CO OT CU c 3 a> H RATED TONS O 0) in in O m in m m o o O in in p in in o CM «t CO v iv in v iv v N CO * in N. N CO N IV CO CO II ÜÜ H a 0CÜ o ü o o o o o Ü Ü o Ü Ü ü o O ü X o < << S S S g 8 i ü < 'S 8 s U Ü < in < m CD s OT CO d CO o o in o o O) * r- o m CO o E O o a o ü o o ü o ü <* o o Ü o o o Ü <o in m m in in in in CO a m m T w in o o *S Scvi v r*. v N. v iv N o 2 o< 3 N. iv CO iv IV 3 < C3 a o a CO o o a Ü a C5 o ÜO Ü o o ü ü o o Ü CO o Ü ü ss o o Ü CM ILLER DEL# a: es p «h H C T~ g 1 cu _ >. IV o a> a> a> a> a> a> V (1) co H cu cu a> CU cu cu z ^J c c c c c c c c 3 c c c c c c c ^ «BJJ CO HH CO as CO n co co co a _ co co CO CD co co co l-h CU COT c_ c c_ - c c_ c_ o co c_ c c 1 c c_ c CO cu H-t H H H H H = ü I- I- h- a H H H HOT * «2 SS ad I 1 1 i i I I 1 1 i i i 1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X oo u Ü o o Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü o Ü a o o o CM T- tfc ^ Q. 0. o o ÜÜ * Ö 9 «^ CO N CO o> o ^ CM o CM o> o r CM m r>» O) Tf o T" ^- ^ CM CM CM * * * t T ^ ^- CO * o> o> O) OJ 0) 0) OJ o> o> O) o o o o o CM in m m m in m in m m m m in CO CO CO CO CO CO CO % J T CM CO ^- m CO v CO O) o,_ CM CO * in CO r» CO 3 CO CO CO CO CO CO C0 CO CO <t * <t >t <* * 't <* * ON ES -

14 H TES kw/t c E CD CO «rh C- >, o CJ) CD rh CM c\i CM CO * s- C rh rh CD o «CO o j a> a c O CO Q. 6\ H co Ü H c ca.c: H ES WS Z co lo O i CO CO > CD CO i CM I s» 1 CO <* 1 E g RATED TONS o CM CM o o o o o CO LO LO CO CO CO CO CO + > H H W X X oo o CC CC o o << UNI a +- 1 H in a si the chil Typica CO O TJ ller er t iste H 3rH CO -C c o ü Q.C0 TJ H H CD 5 4-<TJ.C C C C CD CO O c 3 _ CD CO c CD TJ c 3 O) c H co c CD TJ C T> -H C --H CD +J CO >< Q.C C CD CD CD CD > TJTJ Q. c_ two in indepen indent o adings. 3 co > C_ 3 CO CD +-> «t- o CD 4- O CO co CD CD rh CD.c a. E O c o o o CD Q) Q. CD o c Ü C- CD - H cc < z z *»*. TJ " CC CO -O CD ft{ * CO -i- CM CO a a c_ CD c_ r_ «T3 E CO ^ J o m < oc cc o H <D CD H ca O CO -H 2 CM CD O) a CO CO co O H 3 "* E 5 +J 3 Ü i- +J N o o o co O rh o T- o ci - 9 o s o CM CO CO CO CD Ü H F.2 n-q CD c_ a o 00 u z o CD o o a a o o c Ü H a. < CD cc << H c rh _i O CD a 3 i CO o> H +J H < CM CO o o o o ft c rh co c H O Ü 1 O CD o CO U > CD cd TJ Ü H.C +J O W +-< 3 C_ a. CO o Q. E c_ 3 if BLDG HILLER.procating r. H O CD C 3 a. NOTES Is 90, 120, and s to the two sys - possible, data f< ermitted only com CD a. o C H C_ c o 3 CD H H «CD TJ CO CD CD CL +J CD c TJ -H CD CO CO O-H C < CD CO rh co CD CD CD CD l C_ CD ^J 3 c c c c r-l co TJ SE Q.O rj 3 rh 2 a h-4 CO CO ca CO CO f H je C O f" c CO 5* o CO _ _ _ C u H o o.38 S c w s H QH H hl- «X -C CO u rh CO 3 CD co C CD O a CO, CT rh c O ^- ;»! <" rh H O -H O) M L. 13? w H * TJ CO c C_ CD f CD H CD H H ^ P -H O) O f 3.C W o rh "" 0. c c H T" i- CM T- CM ^ i- CM O CO TJ H CD-H +J 1 i i 1 1 i 1 1 TJ TJ +J CO X XX X X X X X X o 3 O co o oo oo o oo ^o c O t- cncd c_ H f Q. TJ 3 C O. CD +J "S^ H CD tjhja CO O TJ rh O»TJ O c co u rh c n CO C_ c r-l O 4- O CD CD O CO 3 C CO c O t O-H C_ CD CO U E CD CJ> * c_ O 5 "» E H U _ grh CD CO CD CO o _ o CD E CO C CD > CD a 0) CO Ü in LO C-H- TJ _ 4-> +-> 3 _ H Ö LO LO LO LO CM H CD c H CO CO CD CO Q. + > CD J CO CO CO CO en < c l-l < S LEIHE CO rh es CD CD O c a. HP EO CD E rh CD Q. o H CD CO CD O o *.E.C CO JC C c O CO 3 -M hh 1 1 G O) o v- CM CO II II II II 3 «* L0 L0 X cc O o ft. 3 a O < 8 - CM CO o CO CO LU CD _ 3 a H u. ES -

15 4.0 PRESENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION 4.1 BOILERS: Figure ES4-1 summarizes current annual energy consumption by the thirteen boilers in the scope of this study. FIGURE ES4-1 PRESENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COST BY BOILERS BLDG BOILER TEST CURRENT ANNUAL CURRENT ANNUAL # # EFFICIENCY FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COST ,100 therms 676,800 therms 671,500 therms $211,761 $209,808 $208, ,970 gallons 188,600 gallons $193,609 $194, ,500 therms 98,700 therms 24,100 therms $30,535 $30,597 $7, ,200 therms 111,900 therms $33,232 $34, ,100 therms 131,200 therms $40,641 $40, ,062 therms $47,759 TOTALS 2,888,162 therms natural gas 376,570 gallons #2 fuel oil $1,283, CHILLERS: Figure ES4-2 summarizes current annual energy consumption by the fiftythree chiller plants in the scope of this study. ES - 10

16 FIGURE ES4-2 PRESENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COST BY CHILLERS PLANT # BLDG # ESTIMATED CFLH/YR TEST KW/TON OPERATING TONS PLANT KW CURRENT KWH/YR CURRENT ANNUAL COST , ,043 $8, , ,569 $6, , ,577 $5, , ,924 $16, , ,310 $5, , ,400 $13, , ,773 $5, , ,833 $13, , ,372 $6, , ,547 $11, , ,610 $12, , ,791 $7, , ,403 $11, , ,836 $18, , ,311 $10, , ,080 $17, , ,359 $8, , ,573 $6, , ,974 $5, , ,773 $6, , ,763 $8, , ,577 $5, , ,372 $6, , ,161 $8, , ,958 $9, , ,720 $6, , ,960 $16,128 ES - 11 Figure ES4-2 (1 of 2)

17 FIGURE ES4 2 PRESENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COST BY CHILLERS PLANT # BLDG # ESTIMATED CFLH/YR TEST KW/TON OPERATING TONS PLANT KW CURRENT KWH/YR CURRENT ANNUAL COST , ,538 $4, , ,827 $4, , ,560 $23, , ,424 $4, , ,972 $6, , ,951 $10, ,000 $3, , ,974 $5, , ,975 $5, , ,970 $6, , ,973 $6, , ,109 $5, , ,978 $4, , ,200 $5, , ,968 $7, , ,977 $5, , ,574 $5, , ,979 $4, , ,976 $5, , ,280 $8, , ,399 $6, , ,773 $6, , ,497 $5, , ,120 $6, , ,580 $4, , ,640 $5,660 TOTALS 7,827,780 $426,789 ES - 12 Figure ES4-2 (2 of 2)

18 5.0 ENERGY CONSERVATION ANALYSIS 5.1 ECOS INVESTIGATED: The Scope of Work contains a list of specific ECOs to be studied for Fort Knox boilers and chillers. These ECOs were investigated after completing our field survey visits and compiling the raw data from the visits. The steps in collecting the field data were: Obtain nameplate data and methods of operation for the boilers and chillers. Inspect types and conditions of control systems. Take field measurements on boilers and chillers. Using the field data, the various ECOs were analyzed for feasibility of being implemented under Army guidelines. A list of ECOs evaluated is shown below. This list includes ECOs shown in Annex A of the contract Scope of Work and additional ECOs identified by BENATECH, INC. Controls to Assure Proper Combustion Air-Fuel Ratio Feedwater Treatment Waste Heat Recovery; i.e., Exhaust Gases, Process Steam Pressure Drop, and Steam Condensate and Blowdown Installation of New Burner Equipment Economizers/Air Pre-Heaters Reduce Excess Air Loading Characteristics and Scheduling Versus Equipment Capacity (Equipment Optimization) ES - 13

19 Variable Speed Circulation Pumps or Alternate Pumps Based on Seasonal Loading Steam Pressure or Hot Water Temperature Reductions Based on Seasonal Loading and/or Existing and Projected Requirements Reductions in Make-Up Water Quantities Control Systems to Operate Chillers at Their Most Energy Efficient Operating Condition Blowdown Control Prevent Air Leakage Condenser/Cooling Tower Water Treatment Variable or Two-Speed Cooling Tower Fan Free Cooling Cycles in Lieu of Chiller Operation Storage of Chilled Water High Efficiency Motors Steam Driven Auxiliaries Versus Electric Drives Variable Speed Induced Draft Fans and Forced Draft Blowers Instruments and Controls to Facilitate Efficient Operations Use Smaller Boilers Where Load has Been Reduced Automatic Chiller Tube Cleaners Correct Sizing of Traps Replace Inefficient Boilers with More Efficient Boilers m ES - 14

20 5.1.1 BOILER ECO DESCRIPTIONS: Boiler Feedwater Economizer This ECO investigates the energy savings achievable by preheating the boiler feedwater with recovered waste heat from the flue gas. Burner Replacement This ECO analyzes the energy savings achievable by replacing existing burners with modulating, cam-type burners. These burners modulate the air-to-fuel ratio as a function of boiler load. This modulation results in a combustion efficiency of approximately 80% over the operating range of the boiler. Boiler Tune-Up The boiler should be tuned for minimum excess air at their respective average operating loads. Ft. Knox boiler maintenance staff already perform quarterly tune-ups on all boilers. Pre-Heat Combustion Air The purpose of this ECO is to use waste heat recovered from the flue gas to preheat combustion air. "Summer" Boiler This ECO analyzes the potential of installing a boiler to handle the steam production requirements during the "summer" months. Available consumption data was examined to isolate the steam capacity requirements for each month. The "summer" boilers were then sized to meet average summer loads. The energy savings are realized in the increased efficiency of the new boilers (approximately 80%) as compared with the underloaded (during summer operations) existing boilers. ES - 15

21 Variable-Speed Motor Drives This ECO analyzes the potential for savings by installing inverters on combustion air fan motors. Inverters save energy by controlling the fan power in response to actual air flow requirements. Boiler Replacement This ECO evaluates the savings to be achieved by replacing the existing boiler with a new, high efficiency boiler of the same size. Downsize Boilers Existing boilers do not appear to be oversized for their respective loads, except for those which carry "summer" loads. See description of "Summer Boiler". Installation of Turbulators This ECO analyzes the energy savings achievable by installing turbulators in fire-tube boilers. Turbulators are baffles which create turbulent flow in the core of hot combustion gases. This turbulent flow maximizes heat transfer from combustion gases through the tube walls to the boiler water. Thus, more heat is used in the generation of steam and less is lost out the exhaust stack. This ECO is not applicable to water-tube boilers. Oxygen Trim System/Controls to Assure Proper Combustion Air-Fuel Ratio The purpose of an oxygen trim system is to control the air/fuel ratio of a boiler within the most efficient operating parameters. This is achieved by using an oxygen analyzer in the flue stack in conjunction with a microprocessor controller. The oxygen analyzer measures the oxygen content in the flue gas and a potentiometer monitors the fuel flow rate. The microprocessor controls adjust the air flow damper in order to get the most efficient combustion process. ES - 16

22 Feedwater Treatment This measure is addressed in Section 3, O&Ms. Waste Heat Recovery This ECO is covered by three approaches: economizers, air pre-heaters, and blowdown heat recovery. Reduce Excess Air This ECO is addressed in Section 3, O&Ms. Equipment Optimization This ECO is addressed in Section 3, O&Ms. Variable Speed Circulation Pumps Only one boiler plant-no. 5943, a hot water plant-has circulation pumps. Study of system distribution was not within the scope of this project. Steam Pressure or Hot Water Temperature Reductions Based on Seasonal Loading and/or Existing and Project Requirements This ECO is addressed in Section 3, O&Ms. Reductions in Make-up Water Quantities/Blowdown Control This ECO is addressed in the "Automatic Blowdown/Blowdown Heat Recovery ECO". ES - 17

23 High Efficiency Motors This ECO analyzes the savings to be achieved by replacing existing standard efficiency motors with premium efficiency motors. Steam Driven Auxiliaries Current operating pressures versus distribution pressures do not yield a pressure drop significant enough to make this ECO feasible. Correct Sizing of Traps All steam traps observed during field surveys appeared to be correctly sized for the respective applications CHILLER ECO DESCRIPTIONS: Automatic Chiller Tube Cleaning This ECO establishes representative savings which result form the installation of an on-line condenser tube cleaning system. This system uses slightly oversized brushes fitted into each condenser tube to remove rust and deposits. The brushing action is initiated by a diverted valve, which changes the direction of water flow, pushing the brushes to either end of the condenser. Flow through the condenser automatically changes. Savings result from improved heat transfer from the condenser water through the condenser tube wall. Chiller Shutdown/EMS Tie-in This ECO analyzes the energy savings achievable when equipment is operated only when it is needed to provide comfort conditioning. The savings are calculated for chillers (partially loaded), chilled water, and condenser water pumps, and cooling towers. This ECO is accomplished by tying the plant into existing basewide energy management system (EMS). ES - 18

24 Chilled Water Temperature Reset This ECO analyzes the energy savings resulting from resetting the chilled water supply temperature upward, without appreciable affecting comfort conditions. Savings result from decreasing the demand on the chiller compressor, and therefore, the amount of energy input to the chiller. This ECO is accomplished using the existing EMS. Water Treatment This ECO is addressed in Section 3, O&Ms. Waterside Economizer/Free Cooling This ECO evaluates the feasibility of installing a plate heat exchanger, new valves, and controls to enable the chiller to be shutdown during periods of the year when the wet bulb temperatures will provide sufficient evaporative cooling effect. Building load fluctuates with internal and external loads. During the fall, winter, and spring, the external cooling loads on a building are at a minimum or nonexistent. During these seasons, the wet bulb temperatures are low enough to maintain evaporation in sufficient quantity to provide condenser water cold enough to meet the internal loads of the building. Variable Speed Pumping This ECO is actually a "reduced speed" pumping analysis, whereby chilled water pumps are re-sized based on actual chiller plant loads. Two Speed Cooling Tower Fan Motors This ECO examines the energy savings resulting from replacing the constant speed cooling tower fan motor with a two speed motor. Savings result from the fan law which states that the power required to operate a fan varies as the cube of the fan speed. ES - 19

25 Replace Inefficient Chillers This ECO evaluates the electrical energy savings achievable by replacing existing chillers with new high-efficiency chillers. Field surveys indicated that typical chiller operating conditions were approximately 82 F outside air temperature and 52 F leaving chiller water temperature. At these conditions, reciprocating chillers kw/ton would be about 95% of the ARI values. Following is a list of chiller types and corresponding adjusted efficiencies used in the ECO calculations: ACX - Air cooled, outdoor, reciprocating compressor/condenser unit with mechanical room refrigerant/chw heat exchanger. New chiller kw/ton = ACR - Indoor reciprocating chiller with outdoor air cooled condensing unit. New chiller kw/ton = ACC - Air cooled, outdoor, packaged reciprocating chiller. New chiller kw/ton = WCC - Water cooled chiller, condenser pump, cooling tower. New chiller kw/ton = Chilled Water Pump Shutdown Currently, even when the chillers are shutdown (during unoccupied periods) by the basewide EMS, the chilled water pumps run continuously. This ECO evaluates the savings to be achieved by shutting down the chilled water pumps with the chillers, using the EMS. High Efficiency Motors This ECO was evaluated for all chiller plant motors. Because of relatively short annual hours of operation of these motors, all projects have SIRs < 1.0. Sample analyses were provided for one of each type of motor (Appendix E). ES - 20

26 Waste Heat Recovery This ECO evaluates the savings to be achieved by recovering chiller waste heat to make domestic hot water. Chilled Water Storage This ECO analyzes the savings to be achieved by generating chilled water during off-peak hours. Also analyzed is ice storage RESULTS OF ECOS INVESTIGATED: A summary of all boiler ECO results is shown in Figure ES A summary of all chiller ECO results is shown in Figure ES ES - 21

27 FIGURE ES5.1 1 BOILER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION BOILER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR PAGE# BLOWDOWN ,845 15, F-167 HEAVY OIL CONVERSION , , F-163 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 5, F- 137 TURBULATOR INSTALLATION , F-l TURBULATOR INSTALLATION , F-4 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 3, F- 134 TURBULATOR INSTALLATION , F- 16 TURBULATOR INSTALLATION , F- 19 TURBULATOR INSTALLATION , F-7 BLOWDOWN ,427 1, F- 176 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 2, F- 128 BLOWDOWN ,845 2, F- 170 TURBULATOR INSTALLATION , F- 13 TURBULATOR INSTALLATION , F-10 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 1, F-125 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 1, F-131 BLOWDOWN ,442 1, F-173 TURBULATOR INSTALLATION , F-22 BLOWDOWN ,797 1, F-179 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F-37 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 1, F-140 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,815 8, F-90 ECONOMIZER INSTALLATION ,671 1, F-148 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,815 7, F-96 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F-33 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS 852 1, F-29 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS 852 1, F-25 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM , F-123 ES - 22 HgureES5.1-l(lof2)

28 FIGURE ES5.1 1 BOILER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION BOILER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR PAGE # OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM , F- 120 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,815 5, F-93 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F-77 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F-65 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS , F-61 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,313 11, F-81 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,616 2, F-117 BOILER 852 1,312,964 28, F ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS , F-69 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F-41 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,313 9, F-84 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,616 1, F-114 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS , F-73 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F-53 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,313 7, F-87 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS , F-49 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,616 1, F-117 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F-45 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,330 2, F- 108 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,330 2, F-105 ALRPREHEATER ,891 1, F-154 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F-57 SUMMER BOILER , F-157 BOILER REPLACEMENT , F-99 BOILER REPLACEMENT , F-102 ECONOMIZER INSTALLATION , F-145 OXYGEN TRLM SYSTEM , F-143 ALRPREHEATER , F-151 ES - 23 Figure ES5.1-1 (2 of 2)

29 FIGURE ES5.1 2 CHILLER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE* CHW PUMP E-83 CHW PUMP E-88 CHW PUMP E-73 CHW PUMP E-78 CHW PUMP E-43 CHW PUMP E-68 CHW PUMP E-98 CHW PUMP E-118 CHW PUMP E-93 CHW PUMP E-103 CHW PUMP E-58 CHW PUMP E-63 CHW PUMP E-38 CHW PUMP E E E E E E E E E E E E-682 ES - 24 Figure ES5.1-2 (1 of 8)

30 FIGURE ES5.1 2 CHILLER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE# E E E E E E E-687 CHW PUMP E-173 CHW PUMP E-113 CHW PUMP E-203 CHW PUMP E-168 CHW PUMP E-123 CHW PUMP E-33 CHW PUMP E-48 CHW PUMP E E E E-622 CHW PUMP E E E E E E E-717 ES - 25 Figure ES5.1-2 (2 of 8)

31 FIGURE ES5.1 2 CHILLER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE# E E-732 CHW PUMP E-163 CHW PUMP E-148 CHW PUMP E-133 CHW PUMP E-198 CHW PUMP E-53 CHW PUMP E-188 CHW PUMP E-193 CHW PUMP E-158 CHW PUMP E-283 CHW PUMP E-153 CHILLER ,006 2, E- 1 CHILLER ,006 1, E-25 CHILLER ,006 1, E- 5 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, E-507 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, E-497 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, E-562 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-457 CHILLER , E-21 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-467 CHILLER , E-17 CHILLER , E-29 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-482 CHW PUMP E-208 ES - 26 Figure ES5.1-2 (3 of 8)

32 FIGURE ES5.1 2 CHILLER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE# CHILLER , E- 9 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-477 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-492 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-502 CHILLED WATER RESET E-757 CHILLER , E-13 CHW PUMP E-178 CHW PUMP E-128 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-552 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-512 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-582 CHILLED WATER RESET E-761 CHILLED WATER RESET E-769 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, E-547 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-532 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-437 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-487 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-557 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-442 CHILLED WATER RESET E-777 CHILLED WATER RESET E-765 CHILLED WATER RESET E-789 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 7, E-273 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-577 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-542 ES - 27 FigureES5.1-2(4of8)

33 FIGURE ES5.1 2 CHILLER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE# CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-472 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-587 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-517 CHILLED WATER RESET E-785 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-592 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-527 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-462 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,157 9, E-337 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-522 CHILLED WATER RESET E-797 CHILLED WATER RESET E-849 CHILLED WATER RESET E-805 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,563 3, E-261 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-537 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-607 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-447 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-452 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-597 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,900 9, E-293 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,900 10, E-249 CHILLED WATER RESET E-841 CHILLED WATER RESET E-801 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-567 CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-572 CHILLED WATER RESET E-809 ES - 28 Figure ES5.1-2 (5 of 8)

34 FIGURE ES5.1 2 CHILLER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE# CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC , E-602 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,300 2, E-385 CHILLED WATER RESET E-837 CHILLED WATER RESET E-825 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 5, E-329 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 4, E-297 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-225 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-213 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 4, E-325 CHILLED WATER RESET E-873 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS 297 1, E-217 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-221 CHILLED WATER RESET E-865 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 4, E-313 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,372 4, E-285 CHILLED WATER RESET E-845 CHILLED WATER RESET E-813 CHILLED WATER RESET E-869 CHILLED WATER RESET E-833 CHILLED WATER RESET E-781 CHILLED WATER RESET E-821 CHILLED WATER RESET E-857 CHILLED WATER RESET E -773 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,900 6, E-265 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,900 6, E-257 ES - 29 FigureES5.1-2(6of8)

35 FIGURE ES5.1 2 CHILLER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE* CHILLED WATER RESET E-817 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 2, E-393 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,900 5, E-277 CHILLED WATER RESET E-861 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,023 3, E -413 CHILLED WATER RESET E-877 CHILLED WATER RESET E-829 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,372 3, E-237 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 2, E-373 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,224 9, E-349 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-233 CHILLED WATER RESET E-881 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 2, E-241 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 2, E-357 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 2, E-353 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,407 1, E-361 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,900 4, E-281 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 1, E-377 CHILLED WATER RESET E-793 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 1, E-365 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,990 1, E-389 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,338 1, E-429 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 2, E-321 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 2, E-269 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,990 1, E-253 ES - 30 Figure ES5.1-2 (7 of 8)

36 FIGURE ES5.1 2 CHILLER ECO RESULTS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE* REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 1, E-309 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 2, E-301 WATERSIDE ECONOMIZER SAMPLE 2, E-885 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-229 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 1, E-333 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,323 1, E-425 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 1, E-369 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,338 1, E-401 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 1, E-305 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 1, E-409 VARIABLE SPEED FAN SAMPLE 2, E-892 REPLACEMENT CHILLER , E-397 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,281 1, E-289 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,338 1, E-381 CHILLED WATER RESET E-853 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 1, E-317 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 1, E-245 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,023 1, E-345 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,023 1, E-341 CHILLED WATER STORAGE SAMPLE 172,800 3, E-896 AUTOMATIC TUBE CLEANERS SAMPLE 16, E-899 REPLACEMENT CHILLER , E-405 REPLACEMENT CHILLER , E-433 REPLACEMENT CHILLER , E-421 REPLACEMENT CHILLER , E-417 ES - 31 F1gureES5.1-2(8of8)

37 5.2 ECOS RECOMMENDED: As was shown in the previous section, results of all boiler and chiller ECO calculations are summarized in Figures ES5.1-1 and ES Recommended ECOs are those with savings-to-investment ratios (SIRs) greater than or equal to 1.0. These ECOs were then re-evaluated to include interaction with other recommended ECOs. Results were again summarized by SIR and revised ECOs with SIRs less than 1.0 were no longer recommended. Revised ECO calculations are included in Programming Documentation section in Volume IV, Appendix C. A final summary of recommended boiler ECOs (including interaction) is shown in Figure ES A final summary of recommended chiller ECOs (including interaction) is shown in Figure ES FIGURE ES5.2-1 RECOMMENDED BOILER ECOS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION BOILER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR PAGE # BLOWDOWN HEAT REC ,845 15, F-167 HEAVY OIL CONVERSION , , F-163 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 5, F-137 TURBULATOR INSTALL , F-l TURBULATOR INSTALL , F-4 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 3, F-134 TURBULATOR INSTALL , F-16 TURBULATOR INSTALL , F-19 TURBULATOR INSTALL , F-7 BLOWDOWN HEAT REC ,427 1, F-176 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 2, F- 128 BLOWDOWN HEAT REC ,845 2, F-170 TURBULATOR INSTALL , F-13 TURBULATOR INSTALL , F-10 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 1, F-125 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 1, F-131 BLOWDOWN HEAT REC ,442 1, F-173 TURBULATOR INSTALL , F-22 BLOWDOWN HEAT REC ,797 1, F- 179 TOTALS $493,793 $201, ES - 32

38 FIGURE ES5 2 2 RECOMMENDED CHILLER ECOS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST (KWH) ANNUAL SAVINGS (THERMS) PAYBACK (YEARS) CHW PUMP , , , , , , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , , , , , , , , , , , , , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , , CHW PUMP , , CHW PUMP , SIR ES - 33 FigureES5.2-2(lof4)

39 FIGURE ES5.2-2 RECOMMENDED CHILLER ECOS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST (KWH) ANNUAL SAVINGS (THERMS) PAYBACK (YEARS) CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , äk w CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHILLER ,006 81,051 2, , , , , , , , , CHILLER ,006 62,803 1, , CHW PUMP , CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 7,026 2, CHILLER ,006 41,738 1, CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , SIR ES - 34 Figun i ES5.2-2 (2 < if 4)

40 FIGURE ES5.2-2 RECOMMENDED CHILLER ECOS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST (KWH) ANNUAL SAVINGS (THERMS) PAYBACK (YEARS) CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHILLER ,006 37, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 5,116 1, CHILLER ,006 24, CHILLER ,006 34, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 4,834 1, CHW PUMP , CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 4,318 1, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 4,116 1, CHTT.T.FD WATER RESET , CHILLER ,006 17, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 3,865 1, CHW PUMP , CHW PUMP , CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 3,583 1, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 3,463 1, CHIT,T,FR WASTE HEAT REC ,549 3,440 1, CHILLED WATER RESET , CHILLED WATER RESET , CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 3,310 1, CHTT I ER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 3, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 3, CHTT IHR WASTE HEAT REC ,549 3, CHILI.KR WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, SIR ES Figure t ES5.2-2 (3 c if 4)

41 FIGURE ES5.2 2 RECOMMENDED CHILLER ECOS - SORTED BY SIR ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST (KWH) ANNUAL SAVINGS (THERMS) PAYBACK (YEARS) CHILLED WATER RESET , CHILLED WATER RESET , CHILLED WATER RESET , REPLACEMENT CHILLER , ,765 7, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHTLLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHTTJ.ED WATER RESET , CHTLLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHILLED WATER RESET , CHTLLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 2, CHILLED WATER RESET , CHTT TFT) WATFR RRSF.T , REPLACEMENT CHTLLER ,563 70,382 3, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, CHILLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, CHTLLER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, REPLACEMENT CHTLLER , ,840 9, RFPT ACEMENT CHTT,T ER , ,621 10, RFPT ACEMENT CHTT T,F.R , , CHTT,TED WATER RESET , ftttttft) WATFR RRSFT , CHTT,T,ER WASTE HEAT REC ,549 1, CHTT I ED WATFR RESET , TOTALS $620,831 1,726,714 88,432 $99, SIR ES - 36 Figure ES5.2-2 (4 of 4)

42 5.3 ECOS REJECTED: Rejected ECOs are those with SIRs less than 1.0. Rejected boiler ECOs are shown in Figure ES Rejected chiller ECOs are shown in Figure ES53-2. ECO DESCRIPTION FIGURE ES5 3-1 BOILER ECOS REJECTED BOILER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR PAGE # ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F- 37 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM ,186 1, F- 140 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,815 8, F- 90 ECONOMIZER INSTALLATION ,671 1, F- 148 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,815 7, F- 96 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F- 33 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS 852 1, F- 29 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS 852 1, F- 25 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM , F- 123 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM , F- 120 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,815 5, F- 93 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F- 77 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F- 65 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS , F- 61 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,313 11, F- 81 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,616 2, F-117 BOILER 852 1,312,964 28, F- 160 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS , F- 69 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F- 41 BOILER REPLACEMENT ,313 9, F- 84 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,616 1, F- 114 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS , F- 73 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F- 53 BOILER REPLACEMENT , F- 87 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS , F- 49 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,616 1, F-117 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F- 45 BURNER REPLACEMENT , F-108 BURNER REPLACEMENT ,330 2, F-105 ATRPREHEATER ,891 1, F-154 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS F- 57 SUMMER BOrLER , F-157 BOILER REPLACEMENT , F- 99 BOILER REPLACEMENT , F-102 ECONOMIZER INSTALLATION , F-145 OXYGEN TRIM SYSTEM , F-143 ATRPREHEATER , F-151 ES - 37

43 FIGURE ES5.3-2 CHILLER ECOS REJECTED ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE* CHTTJER WASTF, , E-602 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT,T ER ,300 2, E-385 CHTT JED WATF.R RF.SFT E-837 CHTT.TED WATF.R RF.SFT E-825 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 5, E-329 RFPT ACFMF.NT CHTT,T ER ,946 4, E-297 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-225 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-213 REPLACEMENT CHTT.TF.R ,946 4, E-325 CHILLED WATER RESET E-873 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS 297 1, E-217 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-221 CHILLED WATER RESET E-865 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT I,ER ,946 4, E-313 RFPT ACFMENT CHTT J ER ,372 4, E-285 CHTT I ED WATER RF.SFT E-845 CHTT I ED WATER RESET E-813 CHITTED WATER RESET E-869 CHTT I ED WATER RESET E-833 CHTT,TED WATER RESET E-781 CHTT,TED WATER RF.SFT E-821 CHTT.TED WATER RF.SFT E-857 CHTT.TED WATER RESET E-773 RFPT ACFMENT CHTT J ER ,900 6, E-265 RFPT ACFMENT CHTTJER ,900 6, E-257 CHTT JED WATER RF.SFT E-817 RFPT ACFMENT CHTTJER ,977 2, E-393 REPTACEMENT CHTTJER ,900 5, E-277 CHTT,T ED WATER RF.SFT E-861 REPLACEMENT CHTTJER ,023 3, E-413 CHILLED WATER RESET E-877 CHILLED WATER RESET E-829 RFPT ACFMENT CHTT J ER ,372 3, E-237 REPLACEMENT CHTTJER ,977 2, E-373 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT J ER ,224 9, E-349 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-233 CHTT JED WATER RESET E-881 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT J ER ,946 2, E-241 ES - 38 FigureES5J-2(lof2)

44 FIGURE ES5 3-2 CHILLER ECOS REJECTED ECO DESCRIPTION CHILLER PLANT ID INITIAL COST ANNUAL SAVINGS PAYBACK (YEARS) SIR REPORT PAGE# REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 2, E-357 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,977 2, E-353 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,407 1, E-361 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,900 4, E-281 RFPT ACFMFNT CHIT,T,F,R ,977 1, E-377 CHILLED WATER RESET E-793 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT,T ER ,977 1, E-365 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,990 1, E-389 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,338 1, E-429 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 2, E-321 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 2, E-269 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,990 1, E-253 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTLLF.R ,946 1, E-309 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 2, E-301 WATERSIDE ECONOMIZER SAMPLE 2, E-885 ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS E-229 RFPT ACFMENT CHTT J ER ,946 1, E-333 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,323 1, E-425 RFPT ACFMENT CHTLLF.R ,977 1, E-369 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT J ER ,338 1, E-401 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,946 1, E-305 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT I ER ,977 1, E-409 VARIABLE SPEED FAN SAMPLE E-892 RFPT ACFMENT CHTT I ER , E-397 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT,T ER ,281 1, E-289 REPLACEMENT CHILLER ,338 1, E-381 CHILLED WATER RESET E-853 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT I ER ,946 1, E-317 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT.1 ER ,946 1, E-245 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT,T ER ,023 1, E-345 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT,T ER ,023 1, E-341 CHTT JED WATER STORAGE SAMPLE 172,800 3, E-896 AUTOMATIC TUBE CLEANERS SAMPLE 16, E-899 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT,T ER , E-405. RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT T F.R , E-433 REPLACEMENT CHTT,T ER , E-421 RFPT ACFMFNT CHTT I ER , E-417 ES - 39 KgureES5J-2(2of2)