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2 Geothermal Resources Council TRANSACTIONS, Vol. 16, October 1992 XLORATION ROGRSS OF HIGH NTHALY GOTHRMAL ROSCT IN INDONSIA GANDA, S., SUNARYO, D., HANTONO, D. and TAMUBOLON, T. ertamina Geothermal J1. Kramat Raya 59 Jakarta 10450, Indonesia ABSTRACT Geothermal exploration in Indonesia was officially started in 1972, although scientific drilling was recorded in in Kamojang geothermal prospect, West Java. During the last 20 years geoscientific field works have been carried out along the Indonesian volcanic belt to discover many geothermal features. The successful interpretation of the data obtained from those geoscientif ic surveys resulted in a conceptual model. More than 55 high enthalpy geothermal areas are spread along the islands of Sumatera, Java, Sulawesi and ast Indonesia. Some of them have been developed and utilized for electricity generation, such as Kamojang 140 MW, Dieng 2 MW. In the near future the electricity production expected to be supplied by the year 1995 from geothermal energy will be increased by 437 MW. INTRODUCTION It is known that Indonesia lies on an active volcanic arc, and is well endowed with high enthalpy geothermal resources. Based on geoscientific investigations, the total estimated geothermal potenti.al is about 16,035 MW. In Indonesia geothermal investigations had been carried out since the 1970's and later detailed surveys pointed out several promising high enthalpy geothermal areas as shown on the map of geothermal prospects (Figure 1). The exploration surveys were started on the island of Java and Bali: in 1982 surveys were extended to the island of Sulawesi and in 1988 Sumatera. ast Indonesia is planned to be investigated in coming year. Deep geothermal we1 1s have been dril led since 1974 in Kamojang. A list of development results and exploration activities can be seen on table 1, 2 and 3. SUMATRA ISLAND The geothermal prospects in Sumatera are situated along the great Sumatera graben neighboring the Bukit Barisan ridge. There are 15 prospects having been investigated with 3 prospects ready to drill; 1 prospect just finished reconnaissance and the rest are being currently surveyed. Total estimated resource potential is 4885 MW. The first exploratory well is now being drilled in Sibayak prospect. JAVA ISLAND All active geothermal prospects are along the volcanic chain in the center of Java island. There are 15 selected pr0spcct.s having been investigated in detail and they have total estimated resources of 8100 MW. Five prospects have a status of development, Kamojang, Darajat, Di'eng, Salak and Wayang Windu, with 895 MW proven potential. Seven prospects are being prepared for exploratory drilling and 2 prospects have to be reevaluated. SULAWSI ISLAND xploratory investigations have been carried out in North Sulawesi and South Sulawesi. In North Sulawesi, Lahendong prospect is selected to be developed for 20 MW and will be commenced in 1995/96. Two other prospects are still being surveyed. The only prospect that has been investigated in South Sulawesi is Bituang which has a status of reconnaissance. Total resource potential in Sulawesi is about 1500 MW. BAL1 AND FLORS ISLANDS In Bali, the Bratan geothermal prospect has been investigated in detail., and the possible potent.ia1 is about 215 MW. Some exploration methods have been applied and define the boundary of the prospect to support the status of ready to drill. Tourism facilities are the potential market in Bali. 83

3 Flores island is included in the program of rural electrification and geothermal is the potential energy in the area. Based on this aim, Ulumbu was investigated in 1989 and Megawatts all suggested as the possible potential. AST INDONSIA ast Indonesia will be considered for the next program on geothermal investigation. It. is parallel to the government program in developing ast Indonesia for the next Five-Year lanning. stj.mated potential is about 1500 Megawatts from Nusa Tenggara, Maluku to West Irian Jaya. Forestry and fishery industries are the potential market in the area. ACKNOWLDGMNT The authors would like to acknowledge the RTAMINA Management for contributing the opportunity to publish this paper, especially to the Head of Geothermal Division and Head of lanning Department. RFRNCS Andoyo; ane, S.2; Suardy, A; Radja, V.T and Widartomo, Geothermal Development in Indonesia present status and the future plan. 8th meeting on geothermal power development, Chiang Mai, Thai 1 and. rijanto; Sinaga, D; Satibi, S and Sitompul, S, Geothermal steam pricing system in Indonesia, 9th meeting on Geothermal power development, Baguio City, hilippines. ertamina, Coordination meeting of Geothermal Division, ertamina, Jakarta (unpublished). 84

4 Table 1. The activities of geothermal investigation and drilling in Indonesia, status on 1 January 1992 Geol -0gy : Geophysics : Drilling :# A = hotogeology G = Resistivity L = xploration B = Detail mapping H = Gravity M = roduction c = Alteration mapping I = Magnetic Geochemistry : J = MT-5 X # numbers of well D = Cl seepage K = C.S.A.M.T = Hg and C02 F = Isotop survey has been done Locality :Geology Geochemistry Geophysics Drilling A B C D F G H I J K L M... Sumatra : 1 Seulawah 2 Sibayak 3 Tarutung 4 Sarulla 5 Sibual-Buali 6 usuk Bukit 7 Sorik Merapi 8 Muaralaboh 9 Sungaipenuh 10 Lempur 2 11 Lumut Balai 12 Ranau 13 Suouh Sekincau 14 Ulubelu 15 Rajabasa Java : Banten Cisolok Salak Tangkuban. atuha Wayang-Windu Darajat Kamoj ang Karaha Telagabodas Dieng Ungaran Telomoyo Ngebel-Wilis Ijen s Bali/Bratan 32 Flores/Ulumbu Sulawesi : 33 Lahendong Tompaso 35 Kotamubagu 36 Bituang 85

5 Table 2. List of geothermal performances? status on 1 January 1992 Surface features : Reservoir : otential ( ~ : ) A = Max.temp. of hot spring ( C) D = stimated temp.( C) H = Installed B = ph = Measured temp. ( C) I = roven C = Steam discharge F = Depth (m) J = possible presence G = nthalpy K = Resources Locality Features Reservoir otential A B C D F G H I J K ' ~ Sumatra : Seulawah Sibayak Tarutung Sarulla Sibual-Buali usuk Buhit Sorkk Merapi Muaralaboh Sungaipenuh Lempur Lumut Balai Ranau Suouh Sekincau Ulubelu Raj abasa Java : Banten Cisolok Salak Tangkuban. atuha Wayang-Windu Darajat Kamoj ang Raraha Telagabodas Dieng Ungaran Telomoyo Ngebel-Uilis Ijen a Bali/Bratan Flores/Ulumbu Sulawesi : Lahendong Tompaso Kotamubagu 58 7 Bituang

6 Table 3. Wells Drilled For lectrical Utilization of Geothermal Resources Status on 1 January 1992 Type of well = xploration = roduction # = Abandoned Locality Year Well Type of Total Maximum Flowing Drilled Number Well Depth Temp. nthalpy Flow Rate (meters) ( C) kj /kg kg/s Kamojang 1974 KMJ KMJ KMJ-8# 640 KMJ KMJ-10# KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ-16# KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ-35 KMJ KMJ-37 KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ KMJ Dieng DNG-1# DNG-2 DNG-3 DNG-4# DNG-5 DNG-6 DNG-7# DNG-8 DNG-9 DNG-10 DNG-11 DNG-12# DNG

7 Type of well = xploration = roduction # = Abandoned Locality Year Well Type of Total Maximum Flowing Drilled Number Well Depth Temp. nthalpy Flow Rate (meters) ( C) kj /kg kg/s o o o o Dieng 1989 DNG DNG DNG DNG DNG DNG DNG DNG DNG-22 DNG-23 Darajat 1976 DRJ DRJ DRJ DRJ DRJ DRJ DRJ Salak 1983 AWI-1 AWI-2 AWI AWI-4 AWI-5 AWI-6 RTU-1 RTU AWI-7 AWI-8 RTU AWI-9/1 AWI-9/2 Lahendong 1984 L L1 LILI 1986 Ll Ll 1987 Ll 1991 LI LI 3-l# Wayang Windu 1991 WWD