Geothermal From Top to Bottom

Transcription

1 Geothermal From Top to Bottom

2 The Geothermal Gap

3 Geothermal works great

4 Closing the Gap Cornell University; Verizon Data Centers; Cayuga Lake-Source Cooling Plant

5 There are 5 main types of geothermal 1. Hydrothermal 2. Enhanced Geothermal Systems 3. Geothermal, Direct Use 4. Geothermal, Low Temperature 5. Geothermal (Ground Source) Heat Pump technologies:

6 Hydrothermal: Hydrothermal power is typically superheated water that my be used to drive electrical generation turbines.

7 Enhanced Geothermal Systems This is commonly called hot, dry rocks, and usually quite deep that require water to be pumped down to the source where it is turned into steam to drive electrical generation turbines.

8 Mother Earth s Insides Inside the earth, at its core, is a layer of hot and molten rock, called magma, which constantly produces heat from decayed uranium and potassium. It is this magma that we see in volcanic eruptions. Above the molten core at the center of the earth is the earth s mantle: the mantle is that portion of the earth, about 1,800 miles thick, between the earth s core and its crust.

9 Geothermal Energy Production Potential Countries along what s known as the Ring of Fire have the best ability to harness geothermal energy for electricity production The highest underground temperatures occur at the plate boundaries, and these hot spots are where we see active volcanoes, seismic activity, and hot water springs. Magma movement travels upward through fluid conduits in the earth s mantle and up through the crust. In volcanic eruptions the magma lava is blown out of the center of the volcano with tremendous force; in places where hot spots are constant, heat is released in the form of hot water and steam. The temperature of a geyser s water can be more than 430 F (200 C). These less powerful eruptions we call geysers, and the hot water and steam they emit are a form of untapped geothermal energy. That energy can be captured and used to power turbines to produce electricity. By drilling wells into the underground hot water reservoirs that feed geysers, we can bring up hot water or steam to the surface and use it to make electricity. -

10 Geothermal, Direct Use This is water that is naturally hot enough straight out of the earth to provide building heat, domestic hot water, and anything else below about 200F.

11 Geothermal, Low Temperature Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) The DOE lists several electricity producing applications for medium temperatures (below 212F) using binary, variable phase turbine power, Organic Rankin Cycle (ORC), and other exciting emerging technologies.

12 Geothermal (Ground Source) Heat Pumps

13 All That Most Need to Know About Geothermal Heat Pumps:

14 How Much Installed Capacity?

15 GSHP Market Space As of 2009: "Hot Rock" Geothermal (Electricity): Installed capacity: 3,048 MW_e, Production Rate: 16,603 GWh_e/year Direct Use (Thermal): Installed capacity: MW_t, Production Rate: 2,542 GWh_t/year Geothermal Heat Pumps (Thermal): Installed capacity: 12,000 MW_t, Production Rate: 13,167 GWh_t/year Figures on Geothermal market size are hard to find since EIA stopped measuring the GHP market in But, the National Academies of Science recently published a report that includes an estimate of the Geothermal market in See page 43 in: "Emerging Workforce Trends in the U.S. Energy and Mining Industries: A Call to Action. Bob Wyman, Geothermal Consultant

16 Capital Costs USD/kW

17 Generation Cost USD/MWh

18 Reporting Back Data

19 Geothermal Technologies Office (GTO) Arlene Anderson, DOE Geothermal Technologies Office is here this week to earn her Certified Geothermal Designer credentials. Arlene and the GTO are taking GHPs serious.

20 DOE (GTO) at Pittsburg

21 Dr. Xiaobing Liu, ORNL The DOE GTO is here today to identify the key elements that make GHPs a priority.* The DOE is seeking as many recommendations as possible from all of us.* We must take the time to share our data with Dr. Liu and with the GTO so that it can be placed in reports and on databases to be shared with the geothermal community for current and future generations. liux2@ornl.gov *10:30 today in Atlanta Room; Dr. Liu wants to hear you!

22 Breaking Down Hurdles Geothermal community development Atlanta Serenbe development tour Minimum Standards for New Construction Minimum Standard for Retrofits Facilitators; Geothermal Utilities

23 New Technologies Thermally Enhanced HDPE Exchanger Configurations Drilling Methods Geothermal Methods Data Collection ATES and BTES (Aquifer and Borehole) -many examples are here at the conference

24 Versaprofiles (Thermally Enhanced HDPE)

25 Twister (Exchanger Design)

26 NexGen (Hammer Drilling in Basement)

27 Stake Holder Developments

28 EarthLinked Refrigerant Based Geothermal

29 ATES and BTES

30 ATES and BTES Data Collection; Think of Google Maps

31 What about cities? Use existing infrastructure Water mains Fire sprinklers

32 Water Mains are Already in the Ground

33 NYS PSC and American Water

34 American Water

35 American Water Company Phase 2

36 Water Main Infrastructure Next Phases: Usage of Thermal Imbalance Cascade = Nearly Perpetual Reuse of Energy Direct Use Facility Rejecting BTUs Absorbing BTUs

37 Water Utility Becomes the Heating and Cooling Energy Utility Geothermal Source/Sink Energy Plant Water Utility Plant

38 PSC Regulation Patricia Acampora of NYS PSC said that she is confident that the PSC will facilitate making the water utility an energy utility. Sellers of thermal energy through existing infrastructure

39 Geothermal-Not if; but how soon?

40 IGSHPA and GEO The International Ground Source Heat Pump Association (OSU) Research and development Training and certification

41 Geothermal Exchange Organization (GEO) is the Voice of the Geothermal Heat Pump Industry in the United States Advocacy Partnerships Outreach Standards OUR OBJECTIVES Sensible Public Policy Common Interests with Allies for Strength In Numbers Public Relations and Outreach Promotion of Quality in Training, Certification and Accreditation

42 National Geothermal Day Supported by Industry Stakeholders National Geothermal Day aims to raise awareness about environmental and economic benefits of geothermal energy and its vital role in building a clean and secure energy future. We are inviting industry partners, communities, businesses and educators to join efforts to advance further understanding and acceptance of geothermal technology as an unlimited, renewable form of energy. Join us by co-creating and sharing educational resources and participating in interactive activities in local communities and on-line.

43 Geothermal Industry Advocacy

44 EggGeothermal Helping to make geothermal work for all of us.