Lake Okeechobee Aquifer Storage and Recovery Pilot Project

Transcription

1 MARCH 2001 CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN FLORIDA PROJECT COMPREHENSIVE EVERGLADES RESTORATION PLAN COMPREHENSIVE EVERGLADES RESTORATION PLAN PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN Lake Okeechobee Aquifer Storage and Recovery Pilot Project U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Jacksonville District South Florida Water Management District

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3 Table of Contents Approval Page i List of Tables and Figures vi List of Acronyms. viii List of Project Management Plan Preparers x Errata Sheets.xi List of Updates xii 1.0 Project Information Introduction Authority Project Background Related Projects Project Formulation Project Scope Work Breakdown Structure Issue Team Items Organizational Breakdown Structure Change Control Procedures Project Schedule Development Project Cost Estimating Funding Requirements Functional Area Plans Advanced Formulation and Planning Engineering and Design Construction and Testing Construction Management Real Estate LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT ii Table of Contents

4 10.6 Contracting and Acquisition Quality Control Permitting Public Outreach and Involvement Environmental And Ecological Value Engineering Water Control Operations and Maintenance Socioeconomics Environmental Justice Restoration Coordination and Verification (Recover) Integration Project Cooperation Agreement Project Closeout Procedures List of Project Management Plan Preparers Summary of In-Kind Services Reference Documents and Forms Summary of Changes APPENDICES Appendix A: Project Maps.... A-1 Appendix B: Regional Hydrogeology...B-1 Appendix C: Work Breakdown Structure..C-1 TAB A Scope Verification Documentation Appendix D: Organization Breakdown Structure. D-1 TAB A Project Activity List by Organization Appendix E: Project Schedule.. E-1 TAB A Project Activity List by Date TAB B Project Milestone List TAB C Project Gantt Chart TAB D Constraints and Assumptions Appendix F: Project Cost Estimate.F-1 TAB A Total Project Cost Summary TAB B Fully Funded Cost Estimate LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT iii Table of Contents

5 Appendix G: Project Funding Requirements. G-1 TAB A Project Cash Flow Curve TAB B Projected Annual Budget Appendix H: Reporting.. H-1 TAB A Standard Reporting Formats Appendix I: Resource Allocation Plan. I-1 Appendix J: Advanced Formulation Plan...J-1 Appendix K: Engineering and Design Plan....K-1 Appendix L: Construction and Testing Plan L-1 Appendix M: Construction Management Plan....M-1 Appendix N: Real Estate Plan... N-1 Appendix O: Acquisition Plan...O-1 Appendix P: Quality Control Plan P-1 TAB A Independent Technical Review Team Membership TAB B Statement of Technical and Legal Review Appendix Q: Permitting Plan...Q-1 Appendix R: Public Involvement Plan.R-1 Appendix S: Environmental Plan.S-1 Appendix T: Value Engineering Plan.. T-1 Appendix U: Water Control Plan...U-1 Appendix V: Operations and Maintenance Plan.....V-1 Appendix W: Socioeconomics Study Plan. W-1 Appendix X: Environmental Justice Study Plan......X-1 Appendix Y: Restoration Coordination and Verification Documentation.... Y-1 Appendix Z: Project Cooperation Agreement. Z-1 TAB A Example Documents LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT iv Table of Contents

6 TAB B Working Project Cooperation Agreement Documents TAB C Project Cooperation Agreement Checklist TAB D Executed Project Cooperation Agreement Document APPENDIX AA: SUMMARY OF WORK-IN-KIND SERVICES...AA-1 APPENDIX BB: REFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND FORMS.....BB-1 TAB A Milestones TAB B Data Set TAB C Code of Accounts Appendix CC: Summary of Changes..CC-1 LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT v Table of Contents

7 List of Tables and Figures TABLES PAGE Table 1 Anticipated Permits and Regulatory Authority Table 2 Water Quality Parameter List Table 3 Summary of ASR Issue Team Items.. 45 Table 4 Organizational Responsibility Chart.. 46 Table 5 Testing During Well Construction.....L-3 Table 6 Operational Monitoring Plan. L-5 LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT vi Tables and Figures 4/24/01

8 List of Tables and Figures FIGURES PAGE Figure 1. Project Location Map... 2 Figure 2. Lake Okeechobee Vicinity Map Figure 3. Project Process Flow Diagram. 9 Figure 4. Hydrogeologic Data from the Belle Glade Injection Well.. B-2 Figure 5. Conceptual ASR Well Construction Schematic. K-2 Figure 6. Conceptual Monitor Well Construction Schematics.... K-3 LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT vii Tables and Figures 4/24/01

9 List of Acronyms ASA-CW ASR bls CFR cfs C&SF CEQ CERP CROGEE DWS DCT EAA EPA ER ERC FAC FAS FDEP FGS FONSI FWC GIS gpd/ft HQUSACE IFA ITR JLCEO LAE MCL mgd mg/l NEPA NGVD NPDES NRCS NTU O&M OGC PCA PDT PPDR ppb PVC Assistant Secretary of the Army- Civil Works Aquifer Storage and Recovery below land surface Code of Federal Regulations cubic feet per second Central and Southern Florida Project Council on Environmental Quality Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan Committee for Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem Drinking Water Standards Design Coordination Team Everglades Agricultural Area United States Environmental Protection Agency USACE Engineer Regulation Environmental Regulatory Commission Florida Administrative Code Floridan Aquifer System Florida Department of Environmental Protection Florida Geological Survey Finding of No Significant Impact Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Geographic Information System gallons per day per foot Headquarters, United States Army Corps of Engineers Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Independent Technical Review Joint Legislative Committee for Everglades Oversight Limited Aquifer Exemption Maximum Contaminant Level million gallons per day milligrams per liter National Environmental Policy Act National Geodetic Vertical Datum National Pollution Discharge Elimination System National Resource Conservation Survey Nephelometric Turbidity Unit Operations and Maintenance FDEP Office of General Counsel Project Cooperation Agreement Project Delivery Team Project Management Plan Pilot Project Design Report part per billion Polyvinyl chloride LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT viii Acronyms 4/24/01

10 List of Acronyms QCP Quality Control Plan RECOVER Restoration Coordination and Verification RFI Request for Information SACCR Project Schedule and Cost Change Request SAD South Atlantic Division SAS Surficial Aquifer System SFWMD South Florida Water Management District TAC Technical Advisory Committee TDR Technical Data Report TDS Total Dissolved Solids UIC Underground Injection Control USACE United States Army Corps of Engineers USGS United States Geological Survey VE Value Engineering WCA Water Conservation Area WQCE Water Quality Criteria Exemption WRDA Water Resource Development Act WTP Water Treatment Plant WUP Water Use Permit LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT ix Acronyms 4/24/01

11 List of Project Management Plan Preparers This project management plan was principally prepared by the following individuals at the SFWMD: Peter Kwiatkowski Robert Verrastro Rick Nevulis Paul Linton Michael Bennett Jerry Krenz Agnes McLean And the following individuals at the USACE: Glenn Landers Chris Brown Ed Brown Mike Fies Jim Riley Russ Reed Bill Porter LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT x List of Project Mgmt Plan Preparers 4/24/01

12 Errata Sheet Page Section Description LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT xi Errata Sheet 4/24/01

13 List of Updates Page Section Revised Date Explanation LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT xii List of Updates 4/24/01

14 1.0 PROJECT INFORMATION 1.1 Introduction The Central and Southern Florida Project Comprehensive Review Study (USACE, 1999) -- developed jointly by the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) presents a framework for Everglades restoration. Now known as the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), this plan contains 68 components, including structural and operational changes to the Central and Southern Florida Project (C&SF). The CERP achieves the restoration of more natural flows of water, including sheet flow, improved water quality and more natural hydro-periods in the south Florida ecosystem. Improvements to native flora and fauna, including threatened and endangered species, will occur as a result of the restoration of the hydrologic conditions. The plan was also designed to enlarge the region s supply of fresh water and to improve how water is delivered to the natural system. A large number of the construction features contained in the CERP were designed at various levels of detail based on information that was available during the plan formulation and evaluation phase. Many of the design assumptions for the components were based solely on output from the South Florida Water Management Model, which averages hydrologic conditions across a model comprised of grid cells with lengths and widths of 2 miles by 2 miles. Consequently, the engineering details of the construction features, including the size and locations are conceptual. More site-specific analyses of the individual components would be needed during the preconstruction engineering and design phase to determine the optimum size, location, and configuration of the facilities. In addition, there are uncertainties associated with some of the technologies being utilized in the CERP. To this end, the CERP contained a number of pilot projects, with the intention of acquiring more information and addressing the uncertainties. Some of the pilot projects described in the CERP include the construction of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) systems along the Hillsboro Canal, the Caloosahatchee River and adjacent to Lake Okeechobee. This document contains the Project Management Plan to implement the Lake Okeechobee ASR Pilot Project. Figure 1 is a project location map. The project concept is to store partially-treated surface water or groundwater when it is available in ASR wells completed within the underlying Floridan Aquifer System (FAS) for subsequent recovery during dry periods. Among other benefits, implementation of regional ASR technology at the Lake Okeechobee (Lake) site is anticipated to help minimize high-volume water releases to the St. Lucie and Caloosahatchee River estuaries. During dry periods, water recovered from the ASR wells would be used to maintain the surface water level within the lake and associated canals throughout the Everglades, and to augment water supply demands. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 1

15 Figure 1. Proposed ASR systems in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 2

16 This document provides a comprehensive project management plan for implementation of the Lake Okeechobee ASR Pilot Project through the completion of construction, cycle testing and monitoring. The guidance contained within this document is not intended to be all-inclusive nor to anticipate or include all possible changes to the project during its continuing development. Rather, it is intended to be general in nature as it is expected to be modified, updated and evolve over the life cycle of the project. 1.2 Authority The Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 2000, Public Law has afforded funds for the Government to initiate design of elements of the Comprehensive Plan for the Everglades and South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Project in partnership with sponsors. The program elements (or projects) described in the Central and Southern Florida Project, Comprehensive Review Study, Final, Integrated Feasibility Report and Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement, dated April 1999 and approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Civil Works), on July 1, 1999 ( Comprehensive Plan ) began with the execution of a Design Agreement between the USACE and the SFWMD (May 12, 2000). The Water Resource Development Act (WRDA) of 1992 directed the USACE to reevaluate the Central and Southern Florida Project. The reconnaissance phase of that project was completed in The WRDA of 1996 directed the USACE to deliver the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan to Congress on July 1, 1999, the schedule of which was met. This pilot project is one of two pilot projects authorized under the WRDA of Further, the WRDA of 1999 included specific language on the in-kind work accomplished by a local sponsor. Section 528(e)(4) CREDIT of the WRDA of 1999 states: (2) IN-KIND WORK (A) IN GENERAL During the preconstruction, engineering, and design phase and the construction phase of the Central and Southern Florida Project, the Secretary shall allow credit against the non-federal share of the cost of activities described in subsection (b) for work performed by non-federal interests at the request of the Secretary in furtherance of the design of features included in the comprehensive plan under that subsection. (B) AUDITS In-kind work to be credited under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to audit. The design agreement to perform in-kind services on the pilot projects as part of the CERP was executed on 12 May 2000 between the USACE and the SFWMD as the local sponsor. A Master Program Management Plan (M) outlining the protocols and procedures by which the CERP projects would be performed was executed by the USACE and the SFWMD on 24 August This document conforms to the guidance provided within the M. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 3

17 1.3 Project Background Lake Okeechobee (Lake) lies 30 miles west of the Atlantic Ocean and 60 miles east of the Gulf of Mexico, in the central part of the Florida peninsula. The Lake itself is approximately 730 square miles, and is the principal natural reservoir in south Florida. Portions of Palm Beach, Martin, Okeechobee, Glades and Hendry Counties surround the Lake. Water flows into the Lake primarily from the Kissimmee River, Fisheating Creek and Taylor Creek. Water flows out of the west-side of the Lake from the Caloosahatchee River and out of the east side from the St. Lucie and West Palm Beach Canals. The Hillsboro, North New River, and Miami Canals drain the Lake to the south. Lake Okeechobee is at the center of the south Florida drainage system, receiving flow from the Kissimmee River Basin and to a lesser extent from Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) backpumping. It discharges east through the St. Lucie (C-44) Canal into the St. Lucie Estuary, west through the Caloosahatchee River (C-43 Canal), and south through four major canals through the EAA into the Water Conservation Areas (WCAs). In the late 1860s, the Lake was much larger than it is now, with an extensive wetland littoral zone along the shoreline. Water levels fluctuated between +17 feet and +23 feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD), and periodically flooded the exposed areas of the low-gradient marsh. Under both high and low conditions, there was abundant submerged and exposed habitat for fish and other wildlife. Today s Lake is constrained within a dike (i.e., the Herbert Hoover Dike), and the littoral zone is much smaller. As a result, when water levels are above +15 feet NGVD, the entire littoral zone is flooded; leaving no habitat for wildlife that requires exposed ground. When water levels are below +11 feet NGVD, the entire marsh is dry, and not available as habitat for fish nor other aquatic life. Water levels in the Lake are currently regulated by a complex system of pumps, spillways, and locks according to a regulation schedule developed by the USACE. The regulation schedule attempts to achieve multiple-use purposes as well as provide seasonal lake level fluctuations. The schedule is designed to maintain a low lake stage to provide both storage capacity and flood protection for surrounding areas during the wet season. The schedule is also a guide for the management of high lake stages that might threaten the integrity of the Herbert Hoover Dike and thereby risk flooding of downstream lands. During the winter, Lake water levels may be increased to store water for the upcoming dry season. This is facilitated by holding water that flows into the Lake from the Kissimmee River Basin and by backpumping from the EAA. Water quality data indicate that the Lake is currently in a eutrophic condition, primarily due to excessive nutrient loads from the agricultural sources both north and south of the Lake. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, total phosphorus concentrations as low as 50 parts per billion (ppb) were measured. Currently, total phosphorus concentrations in the Lake have been measured in the 100 ppb range. It is likely that historic in-lake turbidity was much lower than current conditions as well. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 4

18 The CERP presents a new operational plan for the Lake that maximizes water storage opportunities, enhances wildlife populations, restores the ecological health of the Lake, and protects coastal estuaries and public health. ASR technology provides storage - an important component that will contribute to the overall health of the Lake and maintenance of canal operational stages. The CERP includes the construction of up to 200 ASR wells (with associated pre- and post- treatment facilities) installed adjacent to Lake Okeechobee, with a total combined pumping capacity of 1 billion gallons of water per day. Specifically, the CERP states: The purpose of this feature is to: (1) provide additional regional storage while reducing both evaporation losses and the amount of land removed from current land use (e.g. agriculture) that would normally be associated with construction and operation of aboveground storage reservoirs; (2) increase the Lake s water storage capability to better meet regional water supply demands for agriculture, Lower East Coast urban areas, and the Everglades; (3) manage a portion of regulatory releases from the Lake primarily to improve Everglades hydropatterns and to meet regulatory discharges to the St. Lucie and Caloosahatchee Estuaries; and (5) maintain and enhance the existing level of flood protection. ASR technology is proposed as a significant storage component in the CERP, with the FAS acting as a large underground reservoir. The potential advantages of using ASR technology for these objectives include: Reduced costs compared with surface storage facilities Minimizes detrimental discharges to the St. Lucie and Caloosahatchee estuaries Nearly unlimited underground storage capacity Eliminates water losses due to evapotranspiration and seepage Wells can be located in areas of greatest need, reducing water distribution costs Requires limited land acquisition Provides the ability to recover large volumes of water during severe droughts, presumably when reservoir levels would be low These advantages are particularly important in South Florida where land acquisition costs are high, the availability of water is seasonal, and the underlying FAS is geographically extensive. The South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force Working Group commissioned the development of an ASR Issue Team in The Team consisting of members of the SFWMD, USACE, EPA, FDEP, USGS, other local governmental agencies, and private consultants met to address the technical and regulatory uncertainties associated with the ASR technology and the scale at which it is proposed in the CERP. The ASR Issue Team identified seven (7) issues that should be addressed prior to full-scale implementation, as presented in their report (ASR Issue Team, July 1999). At least three (3) of these issues are regional in nature. While the ASR pilot projects themselves including the subject Lake Okeechobee ASR Pilot Project will not address all seven issues, they will provide valuable site-specific data, which can be used in the proposed regional ASR study to LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 5

19 address all seven issues. A more detailed discussion of the Issue Team items is contained in Section 4 of this document. The area of investigation adjacent to the Lake is characterized as lowland, at an elevation of between +10 to +20 feet NGVD. Land use is primarily unimproved and improved pasture, wetlands, and occasional areas of planted field crops. A vicinity map is shown on Figure 2. State Road 441 runs along the northeast perimeter of the Lake, whereas State Road 78 runs along the northwest perimeter of the Lake. The locations and layout of the pilot ASR wells and monitor wells have not been determined at this time. Well siting must incorporate information regarding the proposed footprints of the pilot facilities and feasible conveyance systems to surface water bodies. Well locations and spacing will also be determined based on specific-capacity and aquifer test data obtained from the initial test and exploratory wells. For more information on the geologic and hydrogeologic setting of the Lake and the aquifers relevant to this project, the reader is referred to Appendix B. 1.4 Related Projects Parallel to this ASR pilot project, a regional-scale ASR investigation will be performed. That investigation will likely include water-level data acquisition throughout much of south Florida, additional hydrogeologic studies, groundwater modeling, geochemical investigations, further engineering cost studies and a rock fracturing potential analysis. This regional ASR investigation will be performed as a separate but associated programmatic activity within CERP. Information gathered during the regional ASR investigation will be used along with the results of the individual ASR pilot projects to make recommendations for the expanded use of ASR technology as envisioned in the CERP. 1.5 Project Formulation The scope of work for the first phase of the pilot project proposes a series of tasks that will ultimately result in a Pilot Project Design Report (PPDR). The steps and intermediate decisions that lead to a recommended Pilot Project and monitoring program will be documented in the PPDR. The process of developing this project is called Project Formulation. Project Formulation for the Lake Okeechobee ASR Pilot Project will occur in multiple steps. The first step involves identification of unresolved technical issues from the Restudy and other reports (e.g. Issue Team). The second step involves translating these issues into objectives and constraints. The third step will include development of the project approach and alternatives. It is anticipated that this step will be accomplished using an iterative adaptive project management process over multiple phases of the development of the PPDR. The final step, which occurs once all technical studies and evaluations are completed, will be the selection of the recommended Pilot Project. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 6

20 LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 7

21 2.0 PROJECT SCOPE Implementation of the ASR pilot project at Lake Okeechobee will be conducted over several years, in a phased approach as shown on Figure 3 and outlined below. The project scope provides a summary and general description of the tasks to be performed and services to be provided as part of this project. This scope is the basis for the more detailed work breakdown structure, the project schedule, and cost estimate presented in subsequent sections of this. Implementation of the pilot project will be conducted over several years, in three distinct phases that include the following: 1. Design Phase 2. Construction Phase 3. Testing and Closeout Phase Activities such as project management, coordination, documentation and public outreach will take place during all of the project phases. The design phase comprises those tasks and initial investigations leading up to, and including, the Pilot Project Design Report (PPDR). The design phase ends with execution of the Project Cooperation Agreement (PCA). The construction phase includes the construction of ASR wells, a cluster ASR system, and surface facilities. The testing phase includes cycle testing and operation of the ASR wells and the water conveyance and treatment systems. The pilot project ends with the completion of the Pilot Project Technical Data Report (TDR). A detailed discussion of the implementation schedule is presented in subsequent sections of this document. This phased approach will provide information necessary to evaluate project success and is considered appropriate given the technical and regulatory uncertainty of implementation of ASR at this large scale. This approach has also been developed in response to issues and recommendations provided by an ASR Issue Team as described in Section 1, and discussed in more detail in Section 4. To further respond to issues of a more regional nature, this pilot project will take place concurrently with a regional ASR investigation that will include large-scale groundwater modeling, monitoring network data integration, hydrogeologic studies, geochemical modeling, and other investigations. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 8

22 Figure 3. Project Phases and Tasks The initial pilot project approach is oriented towards installing several exploratory/test ASR wells in geographically dispersed areas around the Lake. During the process of permitting and constructing these systems, several scientific investigations will take place to assess the feasibility of implementing ASR technology. Abundant existing literature and data characterizing the regional geology and hydrogeology of the Floridan Aquifer System (FAS) support this approach. However, if information collected during the initial work tasks indicates that subsequent phases need to be modified or replaced with alternative approaches, then the adaptive management philosophy will be employed to re-direct the pilot project. The project phases and major tasks are: Task 1 Project Management and Public Outreach PHASE 1 DESIGN Task 2 Initial Project Evaluations Task 3 Test Wells Task 4 Water Quality and Treatment Studies Task 5 Exploratory Wells Task 6 System Design Task 7 Permitting Task 8 Design Phase Processes LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 9

23 PHASE 2 CONSTRUCTION Task 9 Systems Construction Task 10 Construction Phase Processes PHASE 3 TESTING AND CLOSEOUT Task 11 Cycle Testing and Monitoring Task 12 Operating Permit Applications Task 13 Post Construction Activities A brief explanation of each task of the project is provided below: Task 1 Project Management and Public Outreach This task involves coordination between the SFWMD, USACE, and other entities such as the Project Delivery Team (PDT) that will be involved with the development and execution of this pilot project. Project management responsibilities are also included in this task. Public involvement will be critical to the success of the pilot project. This will include soliciting the involvement and input of those parties interested in the development and progress of the project and those affected by it. PHASE 1 DESIGN Task 2 Initial Project Evaluations Includes a preliminary well siting evaluation, a local-scale hydrogeologic data search, development of a permitting strategy, a study to evaluate the fate of microorganisms in aquifers, and an engineering alternatives evaluation. Information collected during the initial six months of this task will be analyzed with data collected from test wells and a plan of action for subsequent tasks in the pilot project will be formulated. For planning purposes, subsequent tasks have been included in this version of the on the basis that they will likely be implemented. Task 3 Test Wells Includes the installation of test wells at 3 sites around the Lake within the first six months of the project. These wells are intended to yield preliminary lithologic, geophysical and hydrologic information on the nature of the storage zone and confining sequences near the Lake. The results of this preliminary investigation will be evaluated as part of the plan formulation task along with other pertinent data to confirm that these are viable sites for ASR purposes, prior to installation of larger-diameter exploratory wells presented in Task 5. Task 4 Water Quality and Treatment Studies LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 10

24 Includes detailed Lake Okeechobee and Floridan Aquifer System (FAS) water quality characterization, water availability evaluations, and pilot testing of treatment technologies for recharge and recovered water. Task 5 Exploratory Wells Includes the permitting, design, construction, and testing of 3 new exploratory wells at selected sites, and to gather site-specific hydrogeologic information from the area. The exploratory wells will be constructed to a size that will allow their later conversion via permitting into operational ASR wells. Task 6 System Design When the exploratory wells, the water characterization program and the pilot water treatment testing are completed, the design of the surface water conveyance and treatment systems can be finalized. The design documents will be required in support of the surface facility construction permits. A set of plans and specifications will also be prepared under this task, so that bidding documents can be prepared and a construction contractor secured. Task 7 Permitting After the exploratory wells are constructed and the water quality characterization data is obtained, it is anticipated that the installed wells will be re-permitted to become operational Class V, Group 7 ASR wells under the FDEP s Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program. This task contains the effort to re-permit the exploratory wells as ASR wells, and permit the surface facilities. Water Use and National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permits will also be secured under this task, so that a supply of water can be obtained to perform the recharge and recovery portions of the cycle tests. The UIC permit applications may be supported by local-scale groundwater modeling, if required. Task 8 Design Phase Processes Includes documentation of Phase 1 activities and design features as presented in a Pilot Project Design Report (PPDR). If an environmental impact is determined to result from construction of the pilot project, then an Environmental Assessment will be required in compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Compliance with Florida Statutes also requires filing Statute 1501 Process documents, which are included in this phase. After the permitting for the project is complete and the NEPA activities are finalized, a Project Cooperation Agreement (PCA) will be executed between the USACE and the SFWMD. PHASE 2 CONSTRUCTION Task 9 Systems Construction This task includes the construction of a new multi-well ASR cluster facility, FAS and SAS monitor wells at each of the facilities, and surface facilities (e.g., piping, pumps, LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 11

25 valves, instrumentation and treatment systems). Surface facilities will be constructed for the initial three ASR wells, the cluster facility and associated monitor wells. PHASE 3 TESTING AND CLOSEOUT Task 10 Cycle Testing Includes the performance of cycle testing, operational monitoring and reporting of the new facilities. Task 11 Operating Permits This phase includes activities to obtain long-term operating permits for the constructed systems. Task 12 Project Closeout Post-Construction activities include those activities required to close out the project, and to transfer responsibility of operation and maintenance of the new systems to the SFWMD. Included in the project closeout is preparation of a Pilot Project Technical Data Report (TDR), which summarizes the findings of the pilot project and contains recommendations for future studies and/or construction. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 12

26 3.0 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE PHASE 1 DESIGN, COORDINATION AND DOCUMENTATION Task 1 Project Management and Public Outreach This task includes many of the processes that will ensure that this pilot project meets the protocol and technical objectives of the CERP while protecting the public, maximizing learning opportunities, and resulting in a quality product. Many different agencies and organizations will participate in the formulation of the work program and the evaluation of data that will be collected as the pilot project proceeds. This task also includes project management responsibilities, such as coordination between agencies and financial, schedule, and change management. Subtask 1.1 Prepare Project Management Plan The preparation of this Project Management Plan () is included in this task. It includes the preparation of the plan, coordination with the Project Delivery Team (PDT), incorporation of public comments, review by the Design Coordination Team (DCT) and SFWMD Corporate Review Group (CRG), and final approval of the plan by the SFWMD Executive Director and USACE Project Review Board (PRB). Subtask 1.2 Project Management This subtask includes the various responsibilities that will be associated with managing the pilot project, including technical oversight, communications, planning, organizing, activity directing, and controlling quality, work effort, budget and schedule. Subtask 1.3 Problem Identification The first phase in the Lake Okeechobee ASR Pilot Project will be identification of planning and engineering issues that were identified during and subsequent to the C&SF Project Comprehensive Review Study (Restudy) Feasibility Report (USACE, 1999). These technical issues will serve as a basis for developing the pilot project features and a testing program to address these issues. Problems will be identified from a number of sources including the Restudy Report, the ASR Issue Team Report, PDT meetings, single-issue expert workshops, and public involvement activities. Subtask 1.4 Identification of Objectives and Constraints The ASR issues identified during the problem identification task will be organized into objectives and constraints. The objectives provide the team with a clear understanding of what is trying to be achieved. The constraints are basically a restriction that limits the extent of the planning process. The objectives and constraints developed in this task will be used to assist the team as guides for the information to be gathered. The team will also use these objectives and constraints for identifying alternative project features. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 13

27 Subtask 1.5 Updates and Revisions Periodic updates and revisions to the will be necessary as information is gathered during the project process. It is assumed that annual revisions will be made to the to keep it updated. Subtask 1.6 Project Delivery Team Meetings An inter-agency Project Delivery Team (PDT) has been created to expedite the Lake Okeechobee ASR Pilot Project. At present, lead representatives from the SFWMD, the USACE, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP), Florida Geological Survey (FGS), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the United States Geological Survey (USGS), Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS), Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Palm Beach County Water Utilities Department, Broward County Office of Environmental Services, Lake Worth Drainage District, and tribal interests comprise the PDT. The PDT will meet approximately quarterly to review and discuss the progress and findings of the work tasks comprising the pilot project. Subtask 1.7 Design Coordination Team Meetings The Design Coordination Team (DCT) will meet approximately monthly throughout the pilot project. DCT meetings will be attended by the SFWMD and USACE project managers to provide project updates to the DCT. The DCT will provide senior-level technical and managerial oversight on issues related to design including: 1) design schedules and budgets; 2) coordination with other ongoing CERP projects 3) design plans and work products including Project Management Plans, Pilot Project Design Reports, and Project Implementation Reports; 4) construction plans and specifications; 5) resolution of PDT issues 6) updates of the Master Program Management Plan; 7) real property and relocation requirements; 8) contract scopes of work, modifications and costs; 9) program and project cost projections; 10) anticipated requirements for performance of operation, maintenance, repair, replacement and rehabilitation of a project; 11) Restoration Coordination and Verification (RECOVER) efforts; and 12) other related matters. Subtask 1.8 Independent Technical Review Team and CROGEE Meetings An Independent Technical Review Team (ITRT) will be established to conduct reviews, as needed, to ensure that design products are consistent with established criteria, guidance, procedures and policy. The members of the team will be completely independent of the PDT and the project being reviewed. The ITRTs may be composed of USACE, SFWMD, and contract personnel or any combination of the three. Independent technical review will be a continuous process with reviews coordinated by the project managers to minimize lost design efforts. All planned reviews will be integrated into project scheduling and closely tracked to ensure their timely completion. The ITRT will LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 14

28 document its actions and recommendations and report to the PDT at critical points during the project design phase. It is estimated for the purposes of this plan that the ITRT will meet approximately quarterly to review the pilot project. The USACE and SFWMD project managers will attend these meetings. The Committee for the Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem (CROGEE) will also serve as an independent oversight team. CROGEE established by the National Research Council -- will be providing overall scientific peer review of several CERP projects including the ASR projects. CROGEE will meet periodically through the initial project phases, and will provide formal comments to the PDT for consideration. Subtask 1.9 Public Outreach Meetings It is estimated that quarterly meetings, on average, will be held during the project in an effort to inform various public groups. Audiences for these meetings will vary, depending on the need. This subtask includes other activities such as preparation for the meetings, communications, and creation of correspondence and publications. It is anticipated that environmental justice and socioeconomic study activities will be conducted concurrent with public outreach meetings. Subtask 1.10 Budget Updates/Revisions Periodic updates and revisions to the project budget will be required during the project. It is assumed that semiannual revision will be made to the budget throughout the project. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 15

29 PHASE 1 DESIGN Task 2 Initial Project Evaluations The purpose of Task 2 is to conduct a preliminary siting evaluation, conduct hydrogeologic analyses, develop a permitting strategy, and to perform an engineering evaluation of alternatives for constructing the pilot project. The findings of the analyses performed during each work subtask will be summarized as individual technical memoranda (TMs) and included as sections in the Pilot Project Design Report (PPDR), which will be described in greater detail in a subsequent section of this document. Task 2 activities are subdivided into the following subtasks: Subtask Land availability/preliminary siting Subtask 2.2 Local Hydrogeologic Studies Subtask 2.3 Permitting evaluation Subtask 2.4 Engineering Evaluation Subtask 2.1 Land availability/preliminary siting Geographic Information System (GIS) coverages and maps will be developed (using ARCINFO and viewable with ARCVIEW) to identify various features of interest. Property records will be reviewed to identify locations where the SFWMD, State of Florida, or USACE either own land or have easements or rights-of-way to construct ASR facilities. Feasibility of locating ASR facilities on the Brighton Indian Reservation northwest of Lake Okeechobee will be evaluated. Consideration will be given to locating ASR facilities on the perimeter of the proposed Taylor Creek/Nubbin Slough storage and treatment areas or Lake Okeechobee Storage Reservoir, as described in the CERP (USACE, 1999). Power availability (e.g., FPL, Glades Electric, etc.) will also be evaluated. In addition, the GIS coverage analysis will present information such as wetlands (National Wetland Inventory), sensitive ecosystems (e.g., birds, fish, reptiles, plants, etc.) surface water quality information obtained during Phase 2 land use and cover (Florida Land Cover Classification System), canals, Lake bathymetry topography Lake bottom sediments surface water management permits, public utility facilities public lands, institutional features (roads, railways, etc.). and cultural/archeological sites LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 16

30 The output from this exercise will be a series of color-coded GIS maps identifying the above features and preliminary site suitability. All coverages will then be overlaid to generate a preliminary location of suitable sites. A description of the space requirements for an individual ASR well system will be provided to estimate future space requirements for multiple-well systems. Preference will be given to sites large enough for future expansion of pilot ASR facilities into ASR well clusters. Consideration may also be given to sites close to Lake Okeechobee and its tributaries to provide the most operational flexibility during recharge/recovery operations (i.e., selecting the water source with the best water quality at the time of recharge). This site suitability will be finalized with information presented in subsequent sections of Phase 1. After potential ASR sites are initially identified through the database analyses, then they will be field-verified and further evaluated by performance of site visits and flyovers, environmental audits, and biological and archeological assessments. It is anticipated that this evaluation process will result in the selection and ranking of locations for the exploratory wells, the multi-well ASR cluster and other sites for the future construction of multiple ASR well clusters. Subtask 2.2 Local Hydrogeologic Studies The local hydrogeologic evaluation will focus on review of existing data specific to the study area and the aquifer systems that may be encountered during the project. The focus of this evaluation will be to predict the location of optimal zones within the FAS for storage and recovery of surface water from the Lake. This data will include various SFWMD, USGS, FGS, and consultant reports. A search for existing FAS wells within the Lake Okeechobee area will be performed, and hydrogeologic information from each of the wells will be compiled. A description of local hydrogeology, geophysical logs/analysis, and water quality will be presented. Aquifer parameters such as transmissivity, porosity, storage coefficient, and leakance will be compiled, when available. The data will be summarized in the form of maps, tables, figures, and hydrogeologic cross sections (i.e., north-south and east-west) for each of the selected exploratory/asr sites, and analysis conducted for ASR feasibility. Water quality of the ASR storage zone will be evaluated through literature search of various SFWMD, USGS, FGS, EPA, FDEP, National Resource Conservation Survey (NRCS) reports and files, and consultant reports. Emphasis will be placed on primary and secondary drinking water standards (DWS) parameters and others including coliform bacteria, nutrient parameters such as nitrogen and phosphorous series, major cations and anions, trace metals, mercury, dissolved organic carbon, and radionuclides. The information compiled during this task will serve as a reference source throughout the remainder of the pilot project. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 17

31 Subtask 2.3 Permitting Evaluation Several permits will be required for the construction and testing of fully functional ASR systems. This task includes the work effort to determine which permitting approach shall be utilized for pilot project implementation. Source- and background water quality data from the exploratory wells will be used to determine the required permits, and as supporting information. Table 1 lists the anticipated and potential permits, and the lead regulatory agencies involved. Table 1. Anticipated Permits and Regulatory Authority Permits UIC Class V Exploratory Well Construction Permits UIC Class V ASR Construction Permits UIC Class V Operating Permits UIC Water Quality Criteria Exemption UIC Limited Aquifer Exemption Chapter 120 Variance Water Use Permit (surface water withdrawals) Well Construction Permits Right-of-Way Permit Surface Facilities NPDES Permit Lead Agency FDEP -- West Palm Beach FDEP West Palm Beach FDEP West Palm Beach FDEP Tallahassee FDEP Tallahassee/EPA-Region IV FDEP - Tallahassee SFWMD/FDEP SFWMD/FDEP SFWMD County Health Dept. FDEP West Palm Beach A February 9, 1999 letter from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region IV Office regarding its proposed risk-based approach to surface-water ASR permitting (and corresponding revision to the State UIC rules to accommodate it) may alter the UIC permit requirements listed above. Preliminary meeting(s) will be held with the appropriate regulatory agencies to provide project overview, existing/proposed water quality data, and other pertinent information. The meetings will confirm specific permits required, and the level of effort necessary for permit approval. A more expanded discussion of the permitting process is contained in a subsequent section of this document. Subtask 2.4 Engineering Evaluation An engineering evaluation of potential ASR recharge and recovery alternatives will be conducted. The evaluation will include diversion of surface water (from Lake Okeechobee or its tributaries) for recharge into the ASR wells and return of water recovered from the wells back to a surface-water body. These alternatives include evaluation of surface-water management structures such as: Canal inlet structures (to minimize duckweed, etc. from plugging the well) Settling pond to reduce suspended solids prior to filtration Pre-recharge filtration system Canal transfer pumps Detention ponds with aeration units Inlet discharge structures with screens and bar rack LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 18

32 Spillways and return-flow spillways Pump stations Diversion structures Feasibility of conveying water directly to and from Lake Okeechobee via jack-and-bore techniques or others should also be considered, given the constraints of the Herbert Hoover Dike around the perimeter of the Lake. Review of USACE documents on existing dike configurations, allowable construction techniques, and associated permitting activities will be conducted. A preliminary meeting with the USACE to discuss these issues is required. If this option is considered feasible, strong consideration should be given to using this technique at one or more of the pilot sites to adequately determine its feasibility for future ASR systems around the Lake. Operational changes of existing/new structures, pump stations etc. should be evaluated for each alternative. Unit costs for each option will be presented, followed by preliminary selection of a chosen alternative. Engineering schematics in a CADD format will be generated of the chosen alternative(s). LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 19

33 Task 3 Test Wells Subtask 3.1 Test Wells Test wells will be installed within the first 6 months of the pilot project, to provide preliminary hydrogeologic data from spatially distinct areas around the Lake. At this time, the proposed locations for the test wells are near the Town of Moore Haven (Caloosahatchee River), the City of Okeechobee (Kissimmee River), and Port Mayaca (St. Lucie Canal). The sites were selected based on their proximity to the Lake and surface water bodies that can convey water to and from the sites. The following work packages will be included within this task: Technical specification preparation Construction permitting Contractor services procurement Well construction and testing Data analysis Technical Memorandum Real Estate analysis and coordination USFWS coordination The test wells will provide lithologic, geophysical, and water quality data from the FAS and overlying units, which will be evaluated in combination with data collected during the first 6 months of Task 2. During construction of the test wells, a variety of packer pumping tests, conventional cores, and borehole geophysical surveys will be performed. If the information collected from the test wells indicates that the sites are suitable for the installation of exploratory ASR wells near the sites, then that course of action will be followed, as outlined in the following tasks. The test wells may be converted to FAS monitor wells during a subsequent phase of the pilot project. If the information obtained from the test wells and other data indicates that other questions or issues may exist that warrant a change in the project approach, then the scope of work will be revised. The revision could include searching for alternate locations for the exploratory ASR systems, or reducing the number of exploratory wells and re-allocating project funds towards other, perhaps more regional hydrogeological or geophysical surveys. The justifications for proceeding with either project scenario will be summarized in a Project Formulation Design Report as further discussed in Subtask 8.1 Project Formulation Design Report. Parcels of land selected for the test wells will be coordinated and implemented in accordance with Subtask 10.5, Real Estate and Appendix N Real Estate Plan. In addition to real estate needs, environmental protection efforts during test and exploratory well construction will be coordinated with USFWS. USACE will formally advise USFWS of the proposed test and exploratory well construction activities, and provide a list of measures to mitigate environmental impacts as described in Appendix L Construction and Testing Plan. Should USFWS concur with our assessment that environmental impacts of test and exploratory well construction are minimal, additional NEPA coordination will not be needed. LAKE OKEECHOBEE ASR PILOT PROJECT 20