DISASTER DEBRIS MANAGEMENT

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1 DISASTER DEBRIS MANAGEMENT NCEMA SPRING CONFERENCE MARCH 24, 2015 CHEROKEE, NC Deb Aja - NCDENR Solid Waste Section

2 Disaster Recovery Where Will the Waste Go?

3 How We Got Started In response to Hurricanes Fran (1996) and Floyd (1999), Gov. Hunt charged state officials to better organize and prepare for emergency events. Since those storm events, NC developed innovative programs for hurricane awareness, planning and response. Executive Order Disaster Recovery Task Force, Action Team. Hurricane Floyd, 9/14/99. Photo: NOAA

4 Disaster Debris Management Solid Waste Section Role SERT - Lead state agency on management of solid waste for disaster event-generated debris. Assist local governments in planning for the management of disaster generated debris. Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Sites Program to meet FEMA Public Assistance reimbursement requirements and to provide emergency management options.

5 Hurricane & Tornado Debris Demolished structures Vegetation Metals Household hazardous waste White Goods Electronics Inerts (concrete, asphalt, etc.) Animal Carcasses Sediment Vegetation

6 Most local governments will not have enough permitted solid waste facilities to handle the debris generated by a disaster.

7 Disaster Debris Management Options Demolition Waste Landfills Transfer Facilities Vegetative Waste Mulching Facilities Composting Facilities Landfills Preparing for the scenario where existing facilities are not accessible or operational

8 Disaster Debris Management Options Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Sites Preapproved area designated to provide for the temporary storage and/or the initial processing of disaster generated vegetative and/or demolition debris.

9 Vegetative Debris Chipping/Grinding Typically Tub Grinders 75% reduction in volume

10 Vegetative Debris Burning (requires permitting) Air curtain pit incineration 95% reduction in volume Requires management of ash

11 Demolition Wastes Staging Only

12 Demolition and Vegetative Waste Multiple operations may occur at the same site.

13 Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Sites Established with a pre-approval process facilitated by the Solid Waste Section Field Operation Branch Environmental Senior Specialists. Operated by the county / city / township, NCDOT or contract operators. Private contractors operating temporary storm debris sites should have written contracts prepared by local government to ensure proper operation and closure.

14 Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Sites How Can You Establish a Temporary Disaster Debris Management Site in Your Area?

15 Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Sites Site Selection Advance Planning & Approval Process Evaluation Conditional Approval

16 Typical Procedure. County/City/Contractor/Landowner can complete the Site Evaluation Sheet form available online. It is then sent to the Field Operations Branch Environmental Senior Specialist for the area in which the site is proposed. OR call Environmental Senior Specialist to assist in identifying potential sites.

17 Typical Procedure. A site visit will be conducted to evaluate for environmental conditions, public safety, site operations.

18 Typical Procedure. Meet with Environmental Senior Specialist on-site to evaluate, complete form. Application forwarded for further review by State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and the Natural Heritage Program (NHP). If approved a site ID is assigned and a Conditional Approval letter is sent to the applicant. This does NOT activate the site.

19 Site Activation BEFORE USING THE SITE Contact FOB Representative to have the site ACTIVATED. A site will only be activated in the event of an emergency. Note- this does not have to be a declared emergency. Once activated the site is available for use for 6 months.

20 Site Operation Prior to use, the site buffers should be flagged. All temporary sites must be staffed during hours of operation to prevent unauthorized use or dumping. Segregate waste prior to delivery to site.

21 Locating New Sites Use public land whenever possible - reduces landowner/user conflicts and cleanup liability to private property owners. Spread across county - the location of damage can not be predicted (4 sites +). Space for safe operations. Avoid environmentally sensitive areas. Avoid sites that will need to be used by the public or could impact neighborhoods.

22 Locating New Sites Sites with poor drainage or adversely sloped should not be selected, heavy equipment and trucks will bog down or create other safety issues Locate outside of flood prone areas; consult flood maps to verify.

23 Site Selection - Siting Requirements 100 feet Surface Waters/Waters of the State Property Boundaries Buildings & Structures Septic Systems Vegetative Waste to potable water supply wells 250 feet Demolition waste to potable water supply wells 300 feet Tub Grinders to structures or locations where property damage and/or personal injury could occur due to airborne debris, vibration, etc.

24 Example Site

25 Example Site with Setbacks

26 Look for sites with easy access to and from main roads. Minimize traffic on local streets. Avoid populated areas if possible. Be considerate of nearby residents - dust, noise, or traffic issues. Consider safety issues such as power lines and underground utilities.

27 Time Needed to Establish a New Site 30 Days! In emergencies timeframes may be accelerated, however, in an event with mass damage multiple would be difficult to process quickly. Advanced preparation is key to successful disaster recovery.

28 Town of Granite Falls Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Site On site Meeting on 8/1/ Environmental Senior Specialist with: NC DCCPS Field Hazard Planner County EMS/Solid Waste Personnel Town Planner

29 Town of Granite Falls Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Site Provided by Caldwell County EM Personnel

30 Town of Granite Falls Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Site

31 Winter Weather March 2014 Map of Active Debris Management Sites after March Ice Storms

32 Winter Weather March 2014 Permitted facilities and pre-approved temporary sites were not adequate to handle the volume of vegetative debris.

33 CITY OF HIGH POINT Photographs by City of High Point, 2014

34 Photograph by City of High Point, 2014

35 Photograph by NCEM, 2014

36 Photograph by NCEM, 2014

37 Benefits of Preparedness Having pre-approved debris sites, contracts, procedures in place is critical to a quick recovery process and the restoration of vital services (electricity, etc.). Ability to move waste quickly can potentially maximize reimbursement. Ability to move waste quickly will minimize risks to public safety and the environment by reducing the time that waste remains in place.

38 Debris Removal Costs Preliminary Damage Assessments from 2014 Winter Storms vs. Actual Costs 1 st 30 days PDA used for declaration Local Government PDA Actual Debris Removal Costs 1 st 30 days Town A $348,000 $371,000 (did not include debris along public utility) City B $57,000 $82,000 City C $1,700,000 $1,900,000

39 Reimbursement for Debris Removal FEMA Public Assistance Alternative Procedure Pilot Program (PAAP) PAAP was available for the March 2014 Winter Storms Program in place to end June 2015 to be continued? 4 Incentives, one or more could be used Purpose to increase the effectiveness of debris removal costs and federal costs

40 Reimbursement for Debris Removal PAAP Incentives - Incentive 1 Debris Removal Federal Cost Share (Generally 75%) 1 30 days: 85% days: 80% days: 75% 180 days no cost share NC has in the past picked up the 25% of cost share (at the discretion of the Governor and subject to change).

41 Reimbursement for Debris Removal PAAP Incentives Incentive 2 Recycling Keep the Profits Incentive 3 FEMA approved Debris Management Plan One Time Incentive of 2 Percent Increased Cost Share Incentive 4 Force Account Labor Without incentive only overtime covered Incentive pays for ALL time

42 Debris Management Training Field Operations Branch offers Debris Management Training every 3 years with emphasis on Debris Site staging, Air Quality Rules, and basic debris planning. One-on-one training available upon request.

43 Debris Management Training Field Operations Branch has offered Debris Management Training every 3 years with emphasis on Debris Site staging, Air Quality Rules, and basic debris planning. Future workshops will include NCDPS, DOT, and contracting. To be offered more frequently and regionally. One-on-one training available upon request.

44 DISASTER DEBRIS MANAGEMENT WORKSHOP JULY 22, 2014 Western Region

45 Future Disaster Debris Management Workshops

46 The North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources: STATE SOLID WASTE AND MATERIALS MANAGEMENT PLAN Customer Service/Training Public Engagement

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48 Solid Waste Section Portal Site

49 Solid Waste Section Portal Site Disaster Debris Management

50 COMMENTS? QUESTIONS? Thank You! Deb Aja Asheville Regional Office