Clean Development Mechanism Sustainable Development co-benefits Description Report 1

Transcription

1 Clean Development Mechanism Sustainable Development co-benefits Description Report 1 CDM project activity information Title BRT Zhengzhou, China Project activity reference no Type Project Activity Sectoral Scope Transport (7) Host Party China Report information Submission date Publication no. 1 Original language English Third party verifier (willing) Yes Name of third party verifier and/or comments Client must pay any resulting costs of 3rd Party verification Contact information Title Name (first name, surname) Organisation Mr. Jürg Grütter Grütter Consulting AG 1. This SD description report produced contains advice, opinions and statements of various information providers. The UNFCCC and the CDM Executive Board does not represent or endorse the accuracy or reliability of any advice, opinion, statement or other information provided by any information provider. Reliance upon any such advice, opinion, statement, or other information shall also be at own risk. 1

2 Overview of sustainable development co-benefits A. The extent of environmental co-benefits: Air Land Water Natural Resources Reducing Sox Reducing Nox Reducing Fly ash Reducing suspended particulate matter (SPM) Reducing Non Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOCs) Reducing Noise Pollution Reducing Odors Reducing Dust Other air quality improvements Preventing end of life products/equipment (solid waste) Producing/using compost Producing/using manure, mineral fertilizer or other soil nutrients Irrigation Preventing soil erosion Minimum tillage Other means to improve land quality Improving management/control of wastewater Saving/conserving of water Improving reliability/accessibility of water supply Purification/cleaner water supply Improving ecological state of water bodies Other means to improve water Protecting mineral resources Protecting/enhancing plant life Protecting/enhancing species diversity Protecting/enhancing forests Protecting/enhancing other depletable natural resources Slightly B. The extent of social co-benefits: Jobs Health & Safety New long-term jobs New short-term jobs New sources of income generation Other employment opportunities Disease prevention Reducing accidents Reducing crime Preserving food Reducing health damaging indoor air pollution Enhancing health services Improving sanitation and waste management Other health and safety improvement Slightly 2

3 Education Welfare Job-related training Enhanced educational services Project-related knowledge dissemination Other educational benefits Improving working conditions Community or rural advancement Poverty alleviation (more people above poverty level) Improving wealth distribution/generation of income and assets Increased municipal revenues Optimized women's empowerment Reduced traffic congestion Other welfare benefits C. The extent of economic co-benefits: Growth Energy Technology Balance of payments New investments New industrial/commercial activities New infrastructure Enhancement of productivity Reduction of production costs (services) New business opportunities Other economic benefits Improvement in supply of energy Access to energy Affordability and/or reliability of energy Other energy improvements Introducing/developing/diffusing imported technology Introducing/developing/diffusing local technology Adaptation of new technologies to local circumstances Know-how activities for a technology Other technological benefits Reduction of foreign dependency Other macro-economic benefits Slightly D. Further information: Slightly 3

4 Detailed description A. Environmental co-benefits No co-benefits related to land, water, natural resources are described. Indicator Specification Extent The CDM project activity improves air quality by reducing air pollutants as follows: Air SOx NOx Fly ash emissions SPM NMVOCs Noise Dust The Project owner has the largest fleet of hybrid, plug-in hybrid and fully electric buses in the world thus reducing diesel and associated SO2 emissions; Also mode switch from taxis, cars and motorcycles reduces fuel usage and associated SO2 emissions The Project owner has the largest fleet of hybrid, plug-in hybrid and fully electric buses in the world thus reducing diesel and associated NOx emissions; Also mode switch from taxis, cars and motorcycles reduces fuel usage and associated NOx emissions The Project owner has the largest fleet of hybrid, plug-in hybrid and fully electric buses in the world thus reducing diesel and associated PM emissions; Also mode switch from taxis, cars and motorcycles reduces fuel usage and associated PM emissions Through mode switch from taxis, cars and motorcycles towards buses less vehicles operate and therefore noise is reduced. Slightly Slightly Slightly B. Social co-benefits No co-benefits related to jobs are described. Health & safety Indicator Specification Extent The CDM results in health and safety improvements as follows: A reduced amount of outdoor air Pollution. Particle Reduction of diseases, matter is reduced which is a core concern in the city due disease prevention to pollution related health problems such as Asthma which affect primarily elderly people and children. Reduction of accidents Through mode switch from cars, taxis and motorcycles less vehicles operate. The mortality rate and the accident rate from traffic accidents thus decreases. Reduction of crime Preservation of food Reducing health damaging indoor air pollution Enhancement of health services Improved sanitation and waste management 4

5 Education Welfare Other health and safety improvements Improved liveability of the city due to less traffic The CDM project activity facilitates education, dissemination of information, research or increases awareness as follows: Various cities e.g. Quito, have visited the Project due to Project related knowledge its BRT System and due to the number of hybrid and dissemination electric vehicles operating in the system The CDM project activity improves local living and working conditions as follows: Improvement of working Less Pollution and better air quality for people working conditions on the streets. Community or rural Improved public transit service with better accesability upliftment and lower Tarif as Transit is integrated. Poverty alleviation Changes in distribution and/ or generation of income and assets Increased municipal revenues Empowerment of women Reduced traffic congestion Other welfare benefits Public Transport which is used by less wealthy people is subsidized through general tax revenues. The Project has a direct impact on reducing congestion through mode shift from cars, taxis and motorcycles. The mode shift is monitored continously and amounts to around 20% of passengers coming from non-public transport i.e. taxis, cars and motorcycles. Time savings of public transport users through bus-only lanes which increase average speed of buses and reduce the trip time lost in traffic. This is especially beneficial for public transport users. C. Economic co-benefits No co-benefits related to energy are described. Growth Technology transfer Indicator Specification Extent The CDM project activity supports economic development and/or stability as follows: The Project has invested in more than 2,000 hybrid and New investments plug-in hybrid LNG and diesel-eletric buses as well as more than 110 full-electric buses New infrastructure Bus only lanes have been established in the City with metro-like bus stations Savings of fossil fuels due to mode switch from cars and taxis to public transport. Economic savings due to Other economic benefits reduced trip time and reduced congestion costs as well as savings in the health system due to reduced air pollution and associated health costs. The CDM project activity results in a change in technology as follows: New imported technology The Project manages the largest fleet of hybrid and plugin hybrid buses of 12, 14 and 18m of the world produced New local technology by the local manufacturer Yutong. The hybrid bus fleet of the City is larger than the total number of hybrid buses circulating currently in total Europe. Special activity report on usage and experience with hybrid, plug-in hybrid and fuly electric buses; This has Know-how activities for a also resulted in south-south exchange e.g. with the visit technology of a delegation of the Municipality of Quito/Ecuador interested in the usage of hybrid and electric buses. 5

6 Balance of payments The CDM project activity results in improving the country's balance of payments as follows: Reduced import of fossil fuels (diesel and gasoline) due Reduction of the dependency to mode shift from vehicles with high energy usage per on foreign sources of energy passenger-kilometre to energy efficient buses. Other macroeconomic benefits Less congestion costs and time-savings and improved attractiveness of the City due to an efficient public transport system. D. Further information Specification Less usage of space for road based transit due to mode shift from private means of transit to public transport. Extent 6