Annex 1. Table 1. Municipal solid waste (burning more than 3 tonnes per hour)

Transcription

1 Annex 1. Table 1. Municipal solid waste (burning more than 3 tonnes per hour) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F (annex IV: 0.1ng TE/m 3 ) Austria 0.1ng/m 3 ( total emission limit value expressed as mean value for 6 to 8 hours) Bulgaria 0.1ng TE /m 3 Canada Municipal Waste Incineration: New and expanding facilities: ng ITEQ/m 3 * Existing facilities: ng ITEQ/m 3 * (by 2006) Source: CCME Canada-Wide Standard for Dioxins and Furans (1 May 2001) Conical Waste Combustion of Municipal Waste: use of these combustors occur in one province only, and will be phased out by 2008 Source: Agreement Respecting Conical Waste Combustors for Dioxins and Furans: Conical Waste Combustion of Municipal Waste (Nov. 2003) Germany 0.1ng TEQ/m 3 Hungary 0.1ng TE/m 3 Italy New facilities: 0.1ng/m 3 Existing facilities: 4ng/m 3 Netherlands New and existing facilities: 0.1ng TE/m 3 Norway EU Directive 2000/76/EC: 0.1 ng TE/m 3 Sweden EU Directive 2000/76/EC: 0.1 ng TE/m 3 USA Municipal Solid waste combustion units: New units with capacity >250T/day: 13 ng/m 3 total mass New units with capacities between 35t/day and 250t/day: 13 ng/m 3 total mass Existing units with capacity >250t/day: range 30 to 60 ng/m 3 total mass Existing units with capacity 35t/day - 250t/day: range 30 to 125 ng/m 3 total mass Sources: Emission Guidelines for Existing Sources and Standards of Performance for Stationary Sources: Large Municipal Waste Combustion (LMC) Units, Final Rule (25 Aug. 1997) New Source Performance Standards for New Small Municipal Waste Combustion (MWC) Units, Final Rule (6 Dec. 2000) Emission Guidelines for Existing Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units, Final Rule EU European Commission Directive 2000/76/EC (Dec 2000): 0.1 ng TE/m 3 (averaged over 6-8 hrs) Australia Subject to operating permits issued by state agencies No federal, state, or local government regulations are in place New Zealand Recommended limit: 0.1 ng TEQ/Sm 3 Source: Action Plan for Reducing Discharges of Dioxin to Air (Oct. 2001) 1

2 Table 2. Medical solid waste (burning more than 1 tonne per hour) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F (annex IV: 0.5ng TE/m 3 ) Bulgaria Canada New & existing facilities: 0.1 ng/m 3 Medical Waste Incineration: New & expanding facilities: ng ITEQ/m3 Existing facilities 0.080ng ITEQ/m3 (by 2006) Source: CCME Canada-Wide Standard for Dioxins and Furans (1 May 2001) Germany 0.1ng TEQ/m 3 Hungary 0.5ng TE/m 3 Italy New: 0.1ng/m 3 Existing: 4ng/m 3 Netherlands New and existing facilities : 0.1ng TE/m 3 Norway Applies EU Directive 2000/76/EC: 0.1ng TE/m 3 Sweden Applies EU Directive 2000/76/EC: 0.1ng TE/m 3 USA Existing small unit: (effective 14 Nov. 1997) 2.3 ng TEQ/m 3 (total dioxins + furans) Existing small unit meeting rural criteria: (effective 14 Nov., 1997) 15 ng TEQ/m 3 (total dioxins + furans) New small unit: (effective 16 Mar., 1998) 2.3 ng TEQ/m 3 (total dioxins + furans) Existing medium unit: (effective 14 Nov., 1997) 2.3 ng TEQ/m 3 (total dioxins + furans) New medium unit: (effective 16 Mar., 1998) 0.6 ng TEQ/m 3 (total dioxins + furans) Existing large unit: (effective 14 Nov., 1997) 2.3 ng TEQ/m 3 (total dioxins + furans) New large unit: (effective 16 Mar., 1998) 0.6 ng TEQ/m 3 (total dioxins + furans) Source: Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emission Guidelines for Existing Sources: Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators (HMIWI), Final Rule (15 Sept. 1997) EU European Commission Directive 2000/76/EC (Dec 2000): 0.1 ng TE/m 3 2

3 New Zealand (averaged over 6-8 hrs) Recommended limit: 0.1 ng TEQ/Sm 3 Source: Action Plan for Reducing Discharges of Dioxin to Air (Oct. 2001) 3

4 Table 3. Hazardous waste (burning more than 1 tonne per hour) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F (annex IV: 0.2 ng TE/m 3 ) Bulgaria 0.1ng TE/m 3 Canada Hazardous Waste Incineration: New and expanding facilities: ng ITEQ/m 3 Existing facilities: ng ITEQ/m 3 (by 2006) Source: CCME Canada-Wide Standard for Dioxins and Furans (1 May 2001) Germany 0.1ng TEQ/m 3 Hungary 0.2 ng TE/m 3 Italy New and existing facilities : 0.1ng/m 3 Netherlands New and existing facilities: 0.1ng TE/m 3 Norway Applies EU Directive 2000/76/EC: 0.1 ng TE/m 3 Sweden Applies EU Directive 2000/76/EC: 0.1 ng TE/m 3 USA New and existing facilities ( including cement kiln co-incinerating hazardous waste): 0.20 ng ITEQ/m 3 New and existing facilities where temperature at inlet to initial PM control device is 204 o C (incl. cement kilns co-incinerating hazardous waste): 0.40ng ITEQ/m 3 Source: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants from Hazardous Waste Combustors, Final Rule Proposed standards: Existing facilities with dry APCD (air pollution control device) or WHB (waste heat boiler): 0.28 ng ITEQ/m 3 All other existing facilities: 0.40 ng ITEQ/m 3 New facilities with dry APCD or WHB: 0.11 ng ITEQ/m 3 All other new facilities: 0.20 ng ITEQ/m 3 Source: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Proposed Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Hazardous Waste Combustors, Phase I Final Replacement Standard and Phase II (31 Mar. 2004) EU European Commission Directive 2000/76/EC (Dec 2000): 0.1 ng TE/m 3 (averaged over 6-8 hrs) Australia Destruction and Disposal of Scheduled HCB Waste: Emissions to the atmosphere from the destruction of scheduled HCB waste shall contain: less than 0.1 nanogram per normal cubic metre of dioxins ITEQ New Zealand Source: Dept. of Environment and Heritage, Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, November 1996, Hexachlorobenzene Waste Management Plan Recommended limit: 0.1 ng TEQ/Sm 3 Source: Action Plan for Reducing Discharges of Dioxin to Air (Oct. 2001) 4

5 Table 4. Incineration: co incineration, incineration of sewage/sludge and general incineration of waste (category1 not included in previous tables) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Austria Combustion of waste & hazardous waste, sinter plants, iron and steel production: ng/m 3 Belgium 0.1ng TEQ/m 3 including sewage sludge in Flanders Bulgaria Applies EU Directive 2000/76/EC: 0.1 ng TE/m 3 Canada Cement Kilns Burning Hazardous Waste: Plants build before 1995: 0.5 ng TEQ/rm 3 Plants with major modifications after 1995: 0.1ng TEQ/rm 3 Most categories 1-9 are major sources. Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Incineration of sewage: Existing facilities (by 2005) 0.1 ng ITEQ/m 3 New facilities: ng ITEQ/m 3 Source: CCME Canada-Wide Standards for Dioxins and Furans (1 May 2001) Croatia 0.1ng TE/m 3 Czech Republic Waste incineration: 0.1ng TE/m 3 co-incineration of waste: 0.1ng TE/m 3 combustion of waste oils: 0.1ng TE/m 3 water discharges from installations for treating waste gases: 0.1ng TE/m 3 Denmark 0.1ng TEQ/Nm 3 Finland Waste incinerators and co-incinerators: 0.1ng TE/m 3 by (2005 for existing facilities) Germany Crematoria incinerators: 0.1ng TE/m 3 Incineration of sewage: 0.1 ng TEQ/m 3 Waste incineration: total organic carbon: 20 mg/m 3 Liechtenstein Burning of most waste prohibited Most sources identified in protocol do not exist. Netherlands For incineration of sewage sludge: 0.1 ng TEQ/Nm 3 Norway Source: Netherlands Emission Guidelines for Air (Apr. 2003) EU Directive 2000/76/EC on incineration of waste implemented in 2002: 0.1 ng TE/m 3 Major sources of PCDD/F include waste incineration. 5

6 Sweden Applies EU directive 2000/76/EC : 0.1 ng TE/m 3. USA New and existing CISWI units burning nonhazardous wastes: 0.41 ng TEQ/ m 3 ( gas conditions: 7% O 2 ) EU Japan New Zealand Source: Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (CISWI) Units Final Standards and Guidelines (30 Jan. 2001) New and existing facilities: (incl. cement kilns co-incinerating hazardous waste) 0.20 ng ITEQ/ m 3 New and existing facilities where temperature at inlet to initial PM control device is 204 o C: (incl. cement kilns co-incinerating hazardous waste) 0.40 ng ITEQ/ m 3 Source: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants from Hazardous Waste Combustors, Final Rule For co-incineration of waste and for cement kilns co-incinerating hazardous wastes: EU directive 2000/76/EC 0.1 ng TE/m 3 Existing facilities: (effective 1 Dec 2002) 1 ng TEQ/m 3 (capacity <4 t/h) 5 ng TEQ/m 3 (capacity 2-4 t/h) 10 ng TEQ/m 3 (capacity t/h) New facilities: (effective 1 Dec 2002) 0.1 ng TEQ/m 3 (capacity <4 t/h) 1 ng TEQ/m 3 (capacity <4 t/h) 5 ng TEQ/m 3 (capacity t/h) Source: Law Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins (Law No. 105, promulgated 16 July 1999) For incineration of sewage: Recommended limit: 0.1 ng TEQ/Sm 3 Source: Action Plan for Reducing Discharges of Dioxin to Air (Oct. 2001) 6

7 Table 5. Sinter plants (category 2) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Austria Belgium (Flemish region) Bulgaria Canada Combustion of waste & hazardous waste, sinter plants, iron and steel production: ng/m 3 Plants authorised before 1993: 2.5 ng TEQ/m 3 Plants authorised after 1993: 0.5 ng TEQ/m 3 New & existing facilities: 0.1 ng/m3 New & expanding facilities: 0.2 ng TEQ/m 3 Existing facilites: by 2002:1.35 ng TEQ/m 3 by 2005: 0.5 ng TEQ/m 3 by 2010: 0.2 ng TEQ/m 3 Most categories 1-9 are major sources. Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Installations for production of coke, agglomerate steel compliant in 2011 Source: CCME Canada-wide Standards for Dioxins and Furans from Iron Sintering Plants (March 2003) Germany In general: 0.4 ng/m 3 Target value: 0.1 ng/m mg/m 3 - measured as B(a)P (lead substance) Netherlands New facilities: 0.1ng ITEQ/m 3 Existing facilities: 0.4 ng ITEQ/m 3 Source: Netherlands emission guidelines for air ( April 2003) Norway 1 g/year Major sources of PCDD/F include thermal metallurgical processes. UK Achievable with BAT: ng ITEQ/Nm 3 USA Source: UK Technical Guidance: IPPC Guidance for Coke, Iron, and Steel Sector, working draft (Apr. 2001) Integrated steel mills: Oil content limit (0.02%wt) established to control dioxin levels Source: National Emission Standards for HAPs: Integrated Iron and Steel Benchmark emission values: mg/t sinter (sum of EPA 16-PAH - see list in Appendix A) Source: European Commission IPPC Best Available Techniques Reference Document on the Production of Iron and Steel (Dec. 2001) 7

8 Japan Manufacturing, Final Rule (20 May 2003) For existing facilities: (effective 1 Dec., 2002) 1ng TEQ/Nm3 For new facilities: (effective 1 Dec., 2002) 0.1ng TEQ/Nm 3 Source: Law Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins (law No105, promulgated on 16 July 1999) 8

9 Table 6. Primary and secondary production of copper (category 3) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Austria 0.9 ng/m 3. No primary copper production in Austria Most categories 1-9 are major sources. Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Belgium (Flemish region) Canada Plants authorised before 1993: 1ng TEQ/m 3 Plants authorised after 1993: 0.5ng TEQ/ m 3 Existing smelters and /or refineries: 0.1 ng ITEQ/m 3 New smelters/and or refineries: ng ITEQ/m 3 Source: Environment Canada Proposed First Edition Environmental Code of Practice for Base Metal Smelters ( June 2004), CEPA 1999 Germany 0.1 ng TEQ/m mg/m 3 - measured as B(a)P (lead substance) Netherlands There is no primary copper production Republic of This is not an identified Moldova UK Achievable with BAT: 0.1ng/Nm 3 source EU Source: UK Technical guidance : IPPC ref. doc on BAT in non-ferrous Metal Industries, working draft (Jan. 2002) Achievable with BAT: < ng TEQ/m 3 Source : EC IPPC ref doc on BAT in the Non-ferrous Metals Industry 9

10 Table 7. Production of steel (category 4) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Austria Belgium (Flemish region) Bulgaria Canada Combustion of waste & hazardous waste, sinter plants, iron and steel production: ng/m 3 Plants authorised before 1993: 1 ng TEQ/m 3 For plants authorised after 1993: 0.5 ng TEQ/ m 3 Most categories 1-9 are major sources. Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure New and existing facilities 0.1 ng/m 3 Installations for production of coke, agglomerate steel compliant in 2011 Electric Arc Furnaces: New & modified plants 100pg iteq/m3 Existing plants By 2006:150pg ITEQ/m 3 By 2010: 100pg ITEQ/m 3 Germany 0.1 ng TEQ/m mg/m 3 - measured as B(a)P (lead substance) Republic of Moldova UK Electric arc Furnace- Benchmark emission values: ng ITEQ/m 3 Source: UK technical guidance for Coke, Iron and Steel Sector, working draft (April.2001) Benchmark emission values: mg/t ( sum of 16 PAH) Source: UK technical guidance for Coke, Iron and Steel Sector, working draft (April.2001) USA No standards are applied EU Electric Arc Furnaces: Achievable with BAT: ng ITEQ/Nm 3 Source: EC IPPC BAT ref doc on the production of Iron and Steel (Dec 2001) Limited values for POPs were not established in 2000-but there are hygienic standards and maximum permissible emissions ( total or cumulative). Legislation under way Japan Electric Arc Furnace For existing facilities: (effective 1 Dec., 2002): 5 ng TEQ/Nm 3 10

11 New facilities: (effective 1 Dec., 2002) 0.5 ng TEQ/nm3 Source: Law Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins (Law No 105, promulgated 16 July 1999) Technical developments on limit values - Annex 1 11

12 Table 8. Smelting plants in the secondary aluminium industry (category 5) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Austria 0.1ng/Nm 3 and 0.4 ng/nm 3. Most categories 1-9 are major sources. Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Belgium (Flemish region) Plants authorised before 1993: 1 ng TEQ/m 3 Plants authorised after 1993: 0.5 ng TEQ/m 3 Germany 0.1 ng TEQ/m mg/m 3 - measured as B(a)P (lead substance) Norway 0.3 ng/nm 3 Major sources of PCDD/F include thermal metallurgical processes. Republic of Moldova USA Not an identified source Thermal chip dryer: 2.50 µg TEQ per Mg (equivalent to metric tonne) of feed/charge Scalp dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln: 0.25 µg TEQ per metric tonne of feed/charge 5.0 µg TEQ per metric tonne of feed/charge (if equipped with afterburner having design residence time of at least 1 second and is operated at a temperature of 750 o C) Rotary dross cooler: For group one furnace, processing other than clean charge and/or performing reactive fluxing: 15 µg TEQ per metric tonne of feed/charge For group two furnace, processing clean charge: no limit is applied Source: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Secondary Aluminium Production, Final Rule (23 Mar. 2000) Effective 3 years from date of promulgation New sources beginning construction or reconstruction after 11 February 1999 must comply with the standards 12

13 Japan by the date of promulgation or upon start-up Existing facilities: (effective 1 Dec. 2002) 5 ng TEQ/Nm 3 (dioxins defined as including coplanar PCBs) New facilities: (effective 1 Dec. 2002) 1 ng TEQ/Nm 3 (dioxins defined as including coplanar PCBs) Source: Laws Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins (Law No. 105, promulgated 16 July 1999) 13

14 Table 9. Combustion of fossil fuels in utility and industrial boilers with a thermal capacity above 50 MW th (category 6) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Limit Values - HCB Comments Austria 0.1 ng/m 3 Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Czech Republic 0.1ng TE/m 3 0.2mg/m 3 0.2mg/m 3 Also applies 0.2 mg/ m 3 to PCB emissions Germany 0.1 ng TEQ/m 3 Republic of Moldova Limited values for POPs were not established in 2000-but there are hygienic standards and maximum permissible emissions ( total or cumulative). Legislation under way

15 Table 10. Residential combustion (category 7) Technical developments on limit values - Annex 1 Country Limit Values - PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Austria Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Belgium CEN ((European Committee for Standardisation) emission limit values for CO are applied For smaller appliances (<50kW nominal heat output), harmonised European standards for residential solid fuel and biomass burning heating installations have been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 295.Residential solid fuel burning appliances.. The committee has recently published a series of EN standards for residential combustion of solid fuel. Specific minimum energy efficiency limits are set for these of installations, as well as emission limits for CO. CO limits have tended to be defined (as opposed to other pollutants) in these standards due to health and safety concerns over carbon monoxide poisoning. In terms of emission limits, they are considered to provide a reasonable proxy of emissions from other pollutants. These limit values apply to all CEN countries. Germany Limit values only for dust and CO Limit values only for dust and CO Liechtenstein Not identified as an important source Netherlands % CO in flue gas with aim to limit PAH Norway Republic of Moldova Sweden Incentives and local bans in place for PCDD/F & PAH Incentives and local bans in place for PCDD/F & PAH Major sources of PCDD/F & PAH include residential combustion This is a major source Emission limit values for new residential boilers (OGc) equal to CEN (European Committee for 15

16 Standardisation) standards 16

17 Table 11. Firing installations for wood with a thermal capacity below 50MW th (category 8) Country Limit Values - PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Austria Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Belgium (Flemish region) Canada No limit value for incineration of untreated wood waste (only mechanical treatment) in installations with a capacity < 5 MW th Limit value of 0,4 ng TEQ/Nm 3 for non contaminated treated wood in installations with capacity up to 5 MW th Limit value of 0,1 ng TEQ/Nm 3 for: - untreated wood waste (only mechanical treatment) in installations with a capacity 5 MW th up to 50 MW th - all non contaminated wood waste and contaminated wood waste Pulp and paper boilers burning saltladen wood: New facilities: 100pg teq/m 3 Existing facilities: 500pg teq/m 3 (by 2006) Source: CCME Canada-wide Standards for Dioxins and Furans from Coastal Pulp and Paper Boilers Germany 0.1 ng TEQ/m 3 Σ C 10mg/m 3 Republic of Moldova (should keep PAH low) Not identified source 17

18 Table 12. Coke production (category 9) Country Limit Values PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Austria Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Bulgaria 0.1 ng/m 3 New & existing facilities: 0.1mg/m 3 (for benz/a/pyrene) Canada PAH releases from coke ovens and coke byproduct plants should be reduced in accordance with the following: i. to an industry production-based average of 13.2 g/tonne of coke produced in 2000; ii. to a maximum for any coke oven battery of 9.8 g/tonne of coke produced in 2005; iii. to a maximum for any coke oven battery of 8.2 g/tonne of coke produced in 2015 or later. The measurement and calculation of PAH releases should be undertaken in accordance with the CSPA PAH Measurement Protocol contained in Environmental Best Practice Manual for Coke Producers Controlling and Reducing Emissions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) from Metallurgical Coke Production in the Province of Ontario. Installations for production of coke, agglomerate steel compliant in 2011 Source: Environmental Code of Practice for Integrated Steel Mills, First Edition, March 2001 CEPA 1999 Code of Practice Czech 0.2 mg/m 3 Republic Germany 0.1 ng TEQ/m mg/m 3 - measured as B(a)P (lead substance) USA Charging:-12 sec of visible emissions per charge Topside- no more than 0.4% leaking lids and 2.5% leaking off takes Doors- no more than 3.3% leaking doors for short batteries and 4.0% leaking doors for tall (6m) batteries (LAER limits) Also PM limits and percentage leaking in coke oven batteries 18

19 Table 13. Anode production (category 10) Country Limit Values PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Germany 0.1 ng TEQ/m mg/m 3 - measured as B(a)P (lead substance) Netherlands For condensed tar: 5.0 mg/m 3 For volatile tar: 70 mg/m 3 UK Carbon Production Mixing and grinding: Benchmark emission levels: 10 µg/nm 3 (PAH VDI i)* 100 µg/nm 3 (PAH VDI ii)* Bake furnace exhaust gases: Benchmark emission levels: 3 mg/nm 3 (PAH OSPAR 11)** Source: Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control: Technical Guidance for Non-Ferrous Metals and the Production of Carbon and Graphite * VDI = Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (German Association of Engineers) ** OSPAR Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North East Atlantic 19

20 Table 14. Aluminium production using the Soederberg process (category 11) Country Limit Values PCDD/F Limit Values - PAH Comments Germany 0.1 ng TEQ/m mg/m 3 - measured as B(a)P (lead substance) Norway Major source of PAH emission. New units require substantial reductions of PAH before end of 2007 UK S: Carbon Production Mixing and grinding: Benchmark emission levels: 10 µg/nm 3 (PAH VDI i)* 100 µg/nm 3 (PAH VDI ii)* Bake furnace exhaust gases: Benchmark emission levels: 3 mg/nm 3 (PAH OSPAR 11)** Major sources for PAH include thermal sources for the metallurgic industries. Source: Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control: Technical Guidance for Non- Ferrous Metals and the Production of Carbon and Graphite USA PAHs are included in the polycyclic organic matter (POM) group, for which there is a prescribed limit Source:National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) for Source Categories; National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Primary Aluminium Reduction Plants, Final Rule (7 Oct. 1977) * VDI = Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (German Association of Engineers) ** OSPAR Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North East Atlantic 20

21 Table 15. Wood preservation installations (category12) Country Limit Values - PAH Comments Norway Republic of Moldova PAH: use of creosote banned in 2001 Major sources of PAH include wood preservation Not an identified source 21

22 Table 16. General Sources This table gathers information for general sources. Country Emission limit values/comments Austria Determination of limit values/measures is carried out under the licensing procedure Belgium Two general emission limit values are foreseen for PAH in case of exceeding a treshold value of 0,5 (Flemish g/h as total emission load: region) - Benz(a) pyrene : 0,1 mg/m 3 - Dibenzo(a,h) anthracene : 0,1mg/m 3 Bulgaria Installations for production of coke, agglomerate steel compliant in 2011 Croatia For PAH Other relevant stationary sources: 20mg/m 3. Czech Waste incinerators TOC( total organic carbon): Republic 20mg/m 3 Denmark Industrial installations with an annual mass flow of dioxins greater then 0.01g ITEQ: 0.1ng ITEQ/Nm 3 Germany Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Netherlands Installations with annual mass flow greater than 25mg BaP EQ/Nm 3 : 0.005mg BaP EQ/Nm 3 Major stationary sources require permits for emissions of PCDD/F, PAHs & HCB, emission control requirements reflect state of the art. Emission target limit value of 0.1 mg/nm 3 in the novelised TA luft for all plants subject to licensing in force in Applies directive EC 96/61: all existing plants have to be authorized by 2007 according to BAT requirements. Identifies major sources for dioxins & furans Most sources identified in protocol do not exist in Liechtenstein. For PCDD/F: Other Major sources: 0.1ng TE/m 3 exceptions (EU regulations): up to 0.5ng Note for PCDD/F control measures: existing sources to comply by 2007 if under directive 96/61/EC or else by 2010 Source with emission load of over 20 mg/year: 0.1 ng TEQ/m 3 Source: Netherlands Emission Guidelines for Air (Apr. 2003) Norway Poland Republic of Moldova Switzerland For PAH: Other major sources: after 2003: 0.05mg/m3 (solid) & 1mg ( gas) before 2003:0.1mg/m3 (solid) Applied limits may be more stringent then annex IV-V. Major sources for PCDD/F are thermal metallurgical processes, residential combustion and waste incineration. Major sources for PAH are thermal sources of metallurgical industries, residential combustion and wood preservation. There are no known sources of HCBs. Existing documents identify main POP sources and reductions strategies as well as associated costs Limited values for POPs were not established in 2000-but there are hygienic standards and maximum permissible emissions ( total or cumulative). Legislation under way Applies limit values for dioxins and furans 22

23 USA Australia benzo(a)pyrene: 0.1mg/m 3 ; dibenzo-anthracene: 0.1mg/m 3 ; diesel soots: 5mg/m 3 Applies PM limits and percentage leaking in coke oven batteries For dioxins and furans: 0.1 ng TEQ/m 3 (applied through facility operating permits issued by jurisdiction) 23

24 Appendix A List of polyaromatic hydrocarbons EPA 7-PAH (a subset of EPA 16- PAH) Benz(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benz(a)pyrene, chrysene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, indeno(1,2,3 c,d)pyrene EPA 16-PAH Acenaphtene, acenaphtylene, anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, chrysene, dibenz(a,b)anthracene, dibenz(a,e)pyrene, fluoranthene, fluorine, indeno(1,2,3- c,d)pyrene, phenanthrene, pyrene 24

25 Appendix B Web Links to Sources: Australia: Hexachlorobenzene Waste Management Plan Canada: Canada Wide Standards for Dioxins and Furans Environmental Code of Practice for Integrated Steel Mills, First Edition, March 2001 CEPA 1999 Code of Practice European Union: Directive 2000/76/EC Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Japan: Law Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins Netherlands: Emission Guidelines for Air New Zealand: Action Plan for Reducing Discharges of Dioxin to Air United Kingdom: Technical Guidance Documents United States: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants duled-waste/hcbplan.html Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment: ory_id=50 Environment Canada s Green Lane: EU Directive 2000/76/EC : c/newdir/ _en.pdf European Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Bureau: Japanese Ministry of the Environment: Information Centre for the Environment (InfoMil): mil/xdl/page&posidt=29288&itmidt=28598&s itidt=111&varidt=46 New Zealand Ministry for the Environment: -action-plan-oct1/ Scottish Environmental Protection Agency: US Environmental Protection Agency: 25