Municipal Solid Waste Fluidized Beds Incineration Technology. Mingjiang Ni Institute for Sustainable Energy Zhejiang University

Transcription

1 Municipal Solid Waste Fluidized Beds Incineration Technology Mingjiang Ni Institute for Sustainable Energy Zhejiang University

2 The development of MSW incineration in China 垃圾焚烧量 : 百万吨 / 年 生活垃圾无害化处理能力 生活垃圾焚烧处理能力 生活垃圾焚烧厂数量 焚烧厂数量 Of various ways for disposing MSW, Incineration has become one of prior options in many cities in China, especially in developed regions.

3 The characteristics of MSW in China Mixed collection, source and composition are highly complex shape, size, physical & chemical properties High moisture, low heating value Unstable Property Quite different from that In developed countries

4 The renewable components in Solid Waste (Hangzhou City) sample Paper % Wood % Cloth % Kitchen garbage % Peel % Renewable %

5 Moisture and heating value The range of waste heating value in developed countries The range of waste heating value in China

6 Relationship between flame temperature and heating value 绝热火焰温度 / EA=0.2 EA=0.4 EA=0.6 EA= EA= 垃圾净热值 /kj kg -1 Stable combustion zone

7 Challenges to us in China The imported incineration equipments or technologies are sometimes difficult to treat MSW in China. Differences between developed countries and China The investment and operating cost of imported equipments are relatively high. The Challenge to us is: Develop a MSW incineration system with own intellectual property rights, which is able to dispose China s MSW efficiently, cleanly and cheaply.

8 Research on CFB incineration technology and power Boiler

9 CFB incineration technology

10 Why Fluidized Bed Incineration Technology High adaptability to the low-grade fuel Big heat capacity and strong mixing Stable and uniform temperature in furnace Easy emission control because of the stable, uniform and moderate temperature Less organic pollutant emission Efficient in-furnace desulphurization Low NOx and HCl emission Low ash carbon content (construction material)

11 Why Fluidized Bed Incineration Technology Can use cheaper coal as auxiliary fuel More stable and uniform furnace temperature More Stable power output Adjust fuel heat value in design to adapt future improvement of heating value Reduce dioxin emission by bating de novo synthesis Difficulty: pretreatment, feeding, ash discharge caused by quite different properties of various materials in MSW

12 Study on pyrolysis and combustion characteristics Studied the pyrolysis and combustion process of mix-collected multi-component MSW. Proposed the model for estimating its pyrolysis and combustion characteristics

13 Study on fluid dynamic characteristics Monolayer t=0.8s t=1.2 s t=1.6 s bilayer t=1.8 s t=2.0 s t=2.2 s

14 Study on CFB combustion Developing a new reactor which combines the inner circulation and external circulation to achieve better material mixing Using special bed ash continuous discharge and recycling technology. Inner Circulation External Circulation

15 Experimental facilities 10t/d MSW test incineration system Gasification & ash melting test rig

16 CFB technology developed by Zhejiang University Bed materials of high density Preventing sedimentation and floatation of both heavy and light components to achieve well mixing Air distributor with directional nozzles smooth ash discharge Vortex secondary air Ensuring adequate mixing and longer residence time in high temperature zone Academy of Sustainable Energy, Zhejiang University

17 CFB Power Boiler developed by Zhejiang University Overcame high temperature corrosion of superheater so that steam temperature above 450 can be used to Improve the generation efficiency Reduce Cl HCl conversion by controlling combustion temperature, special arrangement of superheater, blowing surfaces by flue gas with high ash concentration. Developed boilers with capacity from 150 ton/day to 500 ton/day All the boilers have shown successful performance 沉积物导致过热器高温腐蚀严重 流化床垃圾炉为光滑表面, 腐蚀减轻

18 Possible pollutants from incineration of MSW POPs, PCDD/Fs, PAHs HCl HF Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, etc CO, NOx, SOx, etc

19 POPs research center of Zhejiang University dioxin source sampling system USEPA M23 High-resolution doublefocusing magnetic mass HRGC/HRMS China Measurement Accreditation (CMA)

20 Control of dioxin emission Combustion: Temperature, Time, Turbulence Make use of sulfur in coal to bate de novo synthesis, reduce dioxin emission coal sulfer content reduction of total dioxin reduction of TEQ 5% 16 % 72.4% 95.2% 73.0% 94.2% emissions 毒性当量排放 of / TEQ ng I-TEQ/g ng I-TEQ/g MSW 燃料中 S/Cl 摩尔比 S / Cl molar ratio in fuel reduction of TEQ % 毒性当量抑制效率 / % Flue gas de-dioxin: circulating suspension gas cleaning system

21 Control of dioxin emission 3T combustion de novo synthesis suppression 燃烧过程中二恶英的抑制和控制 flue gas cleaning

22 Commercialization of developed Technology

23 Technology and equipment of MSW power plant pre-treatment & feeding system incinerator & boiler control system Ash disposal system flue gas cleaning system

24 China State High-tech Demonstration Projects Equipped with 3 boilers, incinerating 800 t/d MSW Electricity generation: 18MWe(3 6 MWe) Put into operation in June, 2002 in Hangzhou, disposing 2.3 million tons MSW per year

25 Unloading platform

26

27 Feeding system

28 MSW CFB incineration boiler

29 Semi-dry circulating bed flue gas cleaning system

30 Ash storage tank

31 Pollutant emission Testing results of this project National emission standard UN emission standard Dioxin emission (I-TEQng/m 3 ) testing results Chinese standard: 1.0 EU standard: 0.1

32 MSW incineration power plant in operation By using the tchnology developed by Zhejiang University, we have put into operation: 20 MSW power plants 64 incineration power boiler t/d MSW disposing capacity 450MW electricity output

33 Dongguan MSW Power Plant Equipped with 4 boilers, incinerating 1600 t/d MSW Electricity generation: 48MWe Put into operation in 2005 in Dongguan

34 Dongguan MSW Power Plant Biggest waste incineration power plant in China

35 Yiwu,Zhejiang Equipped with 5 boilers, incinerating 1600 t/d MSW, Electricity generation: 36MWe, Put into operation in 2005 in Yiwu.

36 Nantong MSW Power Plant Equipped with 3 boilers, incinerating 1500 t/d MSW, Electricity generation: 30MWe, Put into operation in 2008 in Nantong.

37 Pinghu MSW/Rape Stalks Power Plant Equipped with 3 boilers, incinerating 600 t/d MSW and 160t/d rape stalks, Electricity generation: 12MWe, Put into operation in 2008 in Pinghu.

38 MSW power plants in China by the end of 2008 Technology Amount Tons/day production MW Source of Technology Capacity Tons/day Power MW Zhejiang University, China Martin Zhejiang University Seghers Chinese Academy of Sciences Mitsubishi Heavy Industries China set Tuan Wai Ming Seghers Chinese Acad. of Sci Chinese Weiming Group Alstom France Alstom CITY Qinghua University, China American BASIC 公司 German Steinmuller Ebara, Japan Tianxiong, Japan SN German NOVELL grates Fluidized bed incineration plant: 41.39% Canadian Richway CAPS American Detroit Pusher grates Imported grate incineration plant: 48.77% Switzerland Vonroll Homemade grate incineration pla 9.84% Shanghai Nengxin technology company Hangzhou Xinshiji HMW non-electrical incineraton plant total 52918(49455) 967

39 National Awards China National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology China National Award for Excellent Patent

40 Thank you!