NUTRIENT RECYCLING FROM BIO-DIGESTION WASTE AS CHEMICAL FERTILIZER SUBSTITUTES
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1 World Congress on Advances in Civil, Environmental and Materials Research, August , Seoul, South Korea NUTRIENT RECYCLING FROM BIO-DIGESTION WASTE AS CHEMICAL FERTILIZER SUBSTITUTES Céline Vaneeckhaute, Erik Meers, Greet Ghekiere, Frederik Accoe, Evi Michels, Filip M.G. Tack Laboratory of Analytical and Applied Ecochemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium 1
2 OUTLINE 2
3 PROBLEM STATEMENT 3
4 CHEMICAL FERTILIZER USE IN EU27 Nutrients (million tonnes) Prediction (2010 = base year) Fertilizers Europe,
5 ENERGY USE AND COSTS FOR CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS 5
6 NUTRIENT USE VS. DEPLETION Cordell et al.,
7 NEED FOR A SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT! 7
8 OBJECTIVES 8
9 CRADLE-TO-CRADLE NUTRIENT RECYCLING 9
10 SPECIFIC GOALS 1. Recuperation of nutrients from bio-digestion waste as green fertilizers 2. Evaluation of the impact on biomass yield and soil quality 3. Economic and ecological analysis 10
11 METHODS 11
12 FIELD EXPERIMENT WINGENE, FLANDERS 0,8 ha 12
13 EIGHT FERTILIZATION SCENARIOS Dosage of effective N and K 2 O based on fertilizer analysis and soil advice (150 kg effective N/ha, 80 kg P 2 O 5 /ha, 180 kg K 2 O/ha) Chemical Chemical Air scrubber Animal Digestate LF c Chemical Start N a N a water manure mixture b digestate K 2 O d kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg K 2 O/ha a ammoniumnitrate (27 % N), b Mixture (φ = 0.5) of digestate and liquid fraction of digestate c LF = Liquid Fraction, d patentkali (30 % K 2 O, 10 % Mg) 13
14 FOUR REPLICATIONS Strip of land obj 7 obj 8 obj 2 obj 5 obj 1 obj 4 obj 3 obj 4 obj 2 obj 5 obj 1 obj 6 Strip of land obj 3 obj 6 obj 7 obj 8 obj 2 obj 4 obj 7 obj 8 Strip of land obj 1 obj 5 obj 3 obj 6 obj 3 obj 6 obj 2 obj 5 obj 7 obj 8 obj 1 obj 4 Strip of land 14
15 FERTILIZER APPLICATION Boco-trance 15
16 SAMPLING OF PLANT AND SOIL July, September, October (harvest), November (nitrate residue) 16
17 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Yield PLANT Fresh & dry weight, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, metals Biogas potential SOIL 0-30 cm: dry weight, ph- H 2 O, ph-kcl, EC, N, NO 3, NH 4, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, metals, Cl -, plant available nutrients cm, cm: dry weight, NO 3 17
18 RESULTS 18
19 VISUAL June Simultaneous growth 19
20 VISUAL June Drought symptoms 20
21 VISUAL June Plant ±30 cm 21
22 VISUAL Aug Plant ±3.60 m Cob formation 22
23 DRY WEIGHT BIOMASS YIELD 23
24 DRY WEIGHT CONTENT 24
25 BIOGAS POTENTIAL Scenario DW (%) Residence time (d) Biogas (Nm 3 ton -1 FW) CH 4 (m 3 ha -1 ) Energy (GJ ha -1 ) Electricity (MWh el ha -1 ) Heat (MWh th ha -1 ) ± ± 5 22 ± 1 24 ± ± ± 8 23 ± 1 25 ± ± ± 7 22 ± 1 24 ± ± ± 3 23 ± 0 26 ± ± ± 5 23 ± 1 25 ± ± ± ± 1 25 ± ± ± 3 24 ± 0 26 ± ± ± 3 23 ± 0 25 ± 0 25
26 NITROGEN BALANCE Modeled with NDICEA No significant dif ferences (α=0.5) Demand > supply by manure application Nitrate leaching lower than reference, except scenario 7 Nitrate residue high in scenario 1,2,3,5 (weather conditions) 26
27 PHOSPHATE BALANCE Demand > supply in all scenarios Supply > standard in scenario 1,2,3,7,8 (manure variability) Uptake soil P higher in scenario 4,5,6 => Higher soil nutrient use ef ficiency? 27
28 EIGHT FERTILIZATION SCENARIOS Dosage of effective N and K 2 O based on fertilizer analysis and soil advice (150 kg effective N/ha, 80 kg P 2 O 5 /ha, 180 kg K 2 O/ha) Chemical Chemical Air scrubber Animal Digestate LF c Chemical Start N a N a water N manure mixture b digestate K 2 O d kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg K 2 O/ha a ammoniumnitrate (27 % N), b Mixture (φ = 0.5) of digestate and liquid fraction of digestate c LF = Liquid Fraction, d patentkali (30 % K 2 O, 10 % Mg) 28
29 SOIL QUALITY No significant effect on soil EC, ph-h 2 O, ph-kcl, Sodium Adsorption Ratio Significantly more organic carbon in scenario 4-8 High Cu-concentration in all scenarios (historical) 29
30 ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION Benefits (euro/ha) Greenhouse gas emission (kg CO 2 eq./ha) 30
31 EIGHT FERTILIZATION SCENARIOS Dosage of effective N and K 2 O based on fertilizer analysis and soil advice (150 kg werkbare N/ha, 80 kg P 2 O 5 /ha, 180 kg K 2 O/ha) Chemical Chemical Air scrubber Animal Digestate LF c Chemical Start N a N a water N manure mixture b digestate K 2 O d kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg N/ha kg K 2 O/ha a ammoniumnitrate (27 % N), b Mixture (φ = 0.5) of digestate and liquid fraction of digestate c LF = Liquid Fraction, d patentkali (30 % K 2 O, 10 % Mg) 31
32 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 32
33 CONCLUSIONS Recycling of nutrients from bio-digestion waste derivatives in agriculture can: create sustainable substitutes for chemical fertilizers increase the soil nutrient use efficiency result in significant economic and ecological benefits 33
34 PERSPECTIVES Stimulation of green fertilizer use in European legislation Validation of results in the longer term and for different soil types ( ) 34
35 THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION QUESTIONS? 35
Author's personal copy
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