WIND & SOLAR GLARE STUDIES 40 THORNDIKE

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Bertram Jordan
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1 WIND & SOLAR GLARE STUDIES 40 THORNDIKE

About RWDI Specialty Engineering Consultancy Influence design with respect to issues of climate & environment >300 engineers and scientists established in 1972 Clients include planners, architects,

2 About RWDI Specialty Engineering Consultancy Influence design with respect to issues of climate & environment >300 engineers and scientists established in 1972 Clients include planners, architects, engineers and developers Extensive experience in Cambridge and Boston Ray Sinclair, Ph.D., Senior Consultant, Principal 40 Thorndike CONSULTING IN THE SCIENCE OF BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES & ENVIRONMENT

3 Seasonal Wind Roses

4 Wind Downwashing and Mitigation

comfort categories 99% effective gust wind speed < 31 mph acceptable

5 Pedestrian Wind Comfort There is no universal agreement on criteria BRA wind criteria used in this project study 99% mean hourly wind speed comfort categories 99% effective gust wind speed < 31 mph acceptable People tend to remember less frequent windy conditions particularly in colder weather

6 Wind Tunnel Testing

existing deciduous trees to coniferous/marcescent numerous

7 Proposed New Build Configuration heavy landscaping on site heavy landscaping to the west off site supplementing existing deciduous trees to coniferous/marcescent numerous canopies grade level trellis in the green space to the south of building

8 Pedestrian Wind Comfort Report No Build (Existing) Results Annual Mean Speed

9 Pedestrian Wind Comfort Report Comparison with Existing Annual Mean Speed

10 Pedestrian Wind Comfort Report No Build (Existing) Results Annual Gust Speed

11 Pedestrian Wind Comfort Report Comparison with Existing Annual Gust Speed

12 Pedestrian Wind Comfort Overall Conclusions 1. The wind tunnel study quantified pedestrian wind comfort conditions using the BRA criteria for the existing building and proposed future configurations. 2. The proposed building configuration together with on site and off site landscaping features is shown to affect pedestrian wind comfort. The wind tunnel results show that several locations would have improved wind conditions and some locations would have increased wind activity. 3. RWDI expects to continue to work with the developer and design team to further refine the design and quantify the performance of the improvements through future wind tunnel testing.

13 Reflected light from buildings (1) (2) (3) Examples of buildings that cause problem reflections 40 Thorndike Does not have concave or convex shape Will have low reflectance glass

Reflected Light Study Methodology Each hour in a year, solar position is computed, virtual rays are then drawn from the sun to each triangular patch of the 3D model.

14 Reflected Light Study Methodology Each hour in a year, solar position is computed, virtual rays are then drawn from the sun to each triangular patch of the 3D model. Each ray that is reflected from the building surface onto a horizontal plane receiving surface just above street level. Net intensity is computed. Statistical analysis is performed to assess how often glare instances occur, their intensity and duration.

15 Model Predicted Reflection Intensity

16 Reflected Light Study Overall Conclusions 1. Impact of reflected sunlight is relatively low expected to be comparable to a common experience of living and working in a typical urban environment. 2. The most intense reflections are the least frequent and the more frequently occurring reflections are lower in intensity. 3. There is no indication of any light focusing or reflection effects that pose a significant concern to pedestrians, drivers or property.

17 NIGHT-TIME LIGHTING CONDITIONS 40 THORNDIKE

18 * Existing Street Light Existing Footcandles at 9 PM (U=Below light meter s scope) Existing light in Excess of One Footcandle U U U.27 * * * U U U U U U U U 2.06 EXISTING ILLUMINATION TO STREET LEVEL 40 THORNDIKE APRIL 29, 2014 LEGGAT MCCALL ELKUS MANFREDI ARCHITECTS

19 TOWER ILLUMINATION TO STREET LEVEL: OPEN OFFICES, 50% LIGHTING ON 40 THORNDIKE APRIL 29, 2014 LEGGAT MCCALL ELKUS MANFREDI ARCHITECTS

20 New Footcandles from tower and podium (with open offices, 50% lighting on at night, clean building glass) North side of Spring Street: Average of additional.32 footcandles South side of Spring Street: Average of additional.31 footcandles NEW ILLUMINATION TO STREET LEVEL CREATED FROM TOWER AND PODIUM OPEN OFFICES, 50% LIGHTING ON (WORST CASE SCENARIO) 40 THORNDIKE APRIL 29, 2014 LEGGAT MCCALL ELKUS MANFREDI ARCHITECTS

Existing + New Footcandles from tower and podium (with open offices, 50% lighting on at night, Clean building glass) * Existing Street Light Existing Footcandles at 9 PM

32 footcandles U U.27 South side of Spring Street: Average of additional.31 footcandles * * *.90.79 1.45 2.31.67.34.35.35 1.51.60.32.31.28.25.23 3.20.77.53 1.16 2.00.

21 Existing + New Footcandles from tower and podium (with open offices, 50% lighting on at night, Clean building glass) * Existing Street Light Existing Footcandles at 9 PM (U=Below light meter s scope) Existing light in Excess of One Footcandle U North side of Spring Street: Average of additional.32 footcandles U U.27 South side of Spring Street: Average of additional.31 footcandles * * * U U U U U U U U 2.06 EXISTING VERSUS PROPOSED (EXISTING + NEW) ILLUMINATION TO STREET LEVEL 40 THORNDIKE APRIL 29, 2014 LEGGAT MCCALL ELKUS MANFREDI ARCHITECTS

22 40 THORNDIKE ACOUSTIC STUDIES

ROOF TOP MECHANICAL: - Existing cooling tower and generator to be removed - Proposed mechanical equipment is located inside penthouse or inside solid screen walls BASEMENT MECHANICAL: - Existing fan

23 ROOF TOP MECHANICAL: - Existing cooling tower and generator to be removed - Proposed mechanical equipment is located inside penthouse or inside solid screen walls BASEMENT MECHANICAL: - Existing fan in areaway to be removed. - Proposed garage ventilation fans to be located inside the building THORNDIKE STREET: Existing: 43 dba Proposed: 43 dba SPRING STREET: Existing: 52 dba Proposed: 48 dba SECOND STREET: Existing: 53 dba Proposed: 48 dba EXISTING AND PROPOSED - ACOUSTIC CONDITIONS 40 THORNDIKE APRIL 29, 2014 LEGGAT MCCALL ELKUS MANFREDI ARCHITECTS

Wind Analogue or Digital?

CONSULTING ENGINEERS & SCIENTISTS Wind Analogue or Digital? CIBSE Building Simulation Group and Natural Ventilation Group 30 th April 2014 Wayne Pearce Principal, Regional Manager (UK) wayne.pearce@rwdi.com