Context and Goal-Setting: How Climate Change Could Affect Calvin. Dr. Matthew Kuperus Heun Presentation to Sustainability Summit 21 May 2008

Transcription

1 Context and Goal-Setting: How Climate Change Could Affect Calvin Dr. Matthew Kuperus Heun Presentation to Sustainability Summit 21 May 2008

2 Topics Global Kingdom National Nation College Context and Status Application and Action

3 Global

4 Venus CO2 atm 870 F 92 atm 65 kg/m 3

5 Global Warming Fossil fuel combustion puts extra CO 2 (a greenhouse gas) into the atmosphere CH 4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

6 Earth s Carbon Cycle Many emission sources Many sequestration sinks Total human emission 7.1 GtC/yr Net: 3.2 GtC/yr human emissions remain in the atmosphere

7 Charles David Keeling

8 Keeling Curve

9 Long-term Climate Changes 380

10 Fossil Fuel Emissions Reductions 380 DAI

11 Kyoto Protocol Annex I nations reduce emissions to 5% below 1990 levels by 2010

12 National Issues

13 Cap and Trade Regimes Polluters buy the right to emit CO2 from the government Government reduces number of credits available over time Carbon credits traded in markets European Climate Exchange: 1 tco 2e =!25.14 (~$40) IPCC estimates cost of cap and trade regimes at % of GDP

14 Candidates Favor Cap-and-Trade for US Reduce US annual CO2 emissions to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050 Reduce US annual CO2 emissions to 30% below 2000 levels by us/politics/12topic-hillary.html us/politics/12topic-mccain.html us/politics/12topic-obama.html

15 Pending Legislation

16 Calvin College

17 Calvin College Carbon Neutrality Project Biology 354 and Engineering 333 Students Fall 2007 Profs. Warners and Heun & VP Henry DeVries

18 What Would it Take to Make Calvin Carbon Neutral? Assessed Calvin s carbon footprint Emissions Sequestration Assessed remediation strategies Simulated carbon trading market

19 Calvin College Carbon Emissions 1,756 1, ,781 42,000 Building Energy Use Transport Land Construction Waste tco2e/year (Data from CCCN Project)

20 Calvin College Emissions Details Commuting Air Service Vehicles 5,852 2,090 14,839 22,781 Building Energy Use Transport Other 42,000 10,080 Electricity Heating 31,920 tco2e/year (Data from CCCN Project)

21 Calvin College Sequestration 5.8 Metric Tons CO2 Sequestered/year (Data from CCCN Project) Maintained Lawn Shrub Mature Forest Edge Praire Grassland 10.1

22 Calvin s Carbon Footprint Transport 22,781 Other 3,148 Building Energy 42,000 Praire Grassland 5.8 Edge 8.2 Mature Forest 9.4 Shrub 10.1 Maintained Lawn 21.7 Emission Sequestration 67,929 tco2/year 55 tco2/year (Data from CCCN Project)

23 Calvin s Energy Picture ( ) Millions of $ Carbon Credits Natural Gas Electricity with CO2

24 Examples of Calvin Activities housing/new-wing/layout.html

25 Possible Future Goals for Calvin National Wildlife Federation Campus Climate Champions establish goals of 2 3% annual reductions in CO2 emissions Reach ~70% emissions cut by Calvin Goal of 1 2% annual reductions in CO 2 emissions Develop a campus-wide action plan Annual progress reports

26 The Nation

27 Predicted Effects of Lieberman-Warner Bill Baseline Electricity Generation Lieberman-Warner Core Scenario Electricity Generation Billion kwh 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1, Other Non-Fossil Fuel Nuclear Fossil Fuel without CCS Billion kwh 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1, Other Non-Fossil Fuel Nuclear Conservation More nuclear Reliance upon Carbon Capture and Storage technology (CCS) Slight increase in renewables Fossil Fuel with CCS Fossil Fuel without CCS

28 Government Spending of Allowances Tim Profetta. The Lieberman-Warner Climate Security Act: an Overview. Briefing to ECI Leaders. 18 May 2008.

29 The Kingdom

30 Evangelical Climate Initiative (2006) Human-induced climate change is real statement-booklet.pdf The consequences of climate change will be significant, and will hit the poor the hardest Christian moral convictions demand our response to the climate change problem The need to act now is urgent

31 Advocacy by ECI Signatories Mitigate carbon market effects on the poor Provide aid for developing nations Mitigate effects of climate change caused by global warming Transfer low-emissions technology as economies grow

32 Conclusions

33 Conclusions Global Climate change is all about energy (and politics) US started the ball rolling, China following in American footsteps unless US shows domestic leadership US Carbon markets and trading are coming Christians are playing an important policy role Calvin: Are we ready?