Date. Reporting period Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Juba, South Sudan June

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1 Organisation Date Reporting period Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Juba, South Sudan June Activity Implemented Result by area Rio marker Gender marker Number Name Actual expenditure Name organisation Channel Result area Mitigation/Adaptation Significant/principal2 Significant/principal ProWaS/SSN-PSGK (on hold) 0 NIRAS A/S Research institute and companies Improved river basin management and safe deltas Adaptation Significant Not applicable ProWaS/SSN-Lakes Mott MacDonald Research institute and companies General Adaptation Significant Significant ProWaS/SSN-EES NIRAS A/S Research institute and companies General Adaptation Significant Significant IWRM Imatong Mountains (closed february 2016) Africa Wildlife Foundation NGO Improved river basin management and safe deltas Adaptation Significant Significant UNICEF WASH (Closed 2014) 0 UNICEF (closed 2014) Multilateral organisation Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) Not applicable Not applicable Significant

2 Result Area 1 Result question 1a: To what extent has the ratio between crop yield and water use been improved in a sustainable manner in the target area of your programme ( more crop per drop )? Indicator 1: Agricultural yields of main crops in kg per hectare (maize) 810 (Lakes) (NL target) n.a. n.a. 964 kg/ha Indicator 2: Agricultural yields of main crops in kg per hectare (sorghum) (EES).Data i (NL target) n.a. n.a kg/ha Indicator 3: Water productivity: sorghum yield per unit of water (kg/m³) n.a. No national target n.a. n.a kg/m³ Result question 1.b:To what extent has your programme contributed to this result? Efficient water use in agriculture Agricultural production in South Sudan is mainly rain fed (less than 5% irrigated) and in general water is not a limiting factor in the southern part of the country (the green belt). Agricultural production has been increasing in recent years including 2015 mainly due to increase in acreage cultivated rather than increased productivity per amount of water used. Lack of centrally available data and regular data collection (even less so on water productivity) is a limiting factor in providing information related to this indicator. South Sudan is currently not targeting increased water productivity specifically. Data on water productivity are therefore obtained from FAOSTAT although only data for 2014 are available on their website. FAOSTAT report. In the database of FAO for South Sudan data was only available for FAOSTAT report. In the database of FAO for South Sudan data was only available for FAOSTAT report (statistics) and evapotranspiration figures from UNESCO- IHE. Yield figures were only available for Its is assumed that slight increase in water productivity occured in 2015 because of some improved farming techniques. The Netherlands is funding water and food security projects, which have substantial components of improved agricultural production by improved agricultural practices (soil moisture retention, better quality of seeds, adpated varieties and species) which logically would lead to improved water productivity. Supplementary irrigation is envisioned for vegetable gardening during the dry season, where improving water productivity will become an issue in times of water scarcity. More quantified results are expected in The main agricultural products are maize and sorghum with actually low production levels. Projects supported by the Netherlands will support enhanced data gathering and improved quality of data. For information on the projects supported under the heading of Food Security, see Result Fiche Food Security. Indicator 1: Number of Female Headed Households (FFH) activily engaged in improved agricultural practices of cereals (Lakes), 1000 (EES) n.a Progress reports. Indicator 2: Percentage of households using ox-ploughs. 5% 7.5% (Lakes) 7.5% (EES) n.a. 5% 5% No data Progress reports. Indicator 3: Increase in number of communities actively engaged in cultivating and marketing horticultural products ( Lakes) 10 (EES) n.a Progress reports. Indicator 4: Improved efficiency of water use per unit of production 0,342 (sorghum) 20% n.a. n.a. 0,342 (sorghum) FAOstat Assessment of results achieved by NL across the entire Result Area 1 C. Results achieved poorer than planned Efficient water use in agriculture Over the reporting period (2015) substantial activity implemementation in the two water projects (Water for Eastern Equatoria and Water for Lakes) and two agricultural projects have taken place. No national targets are set for water productivity yet but important progress was made in supporting improved agricultural practices. Addressing synergies between water and agriculture and livelihoods portfolios will increasingly be addressed. Building up better data collection and reporting systems in the water and food security projects will be paramount and indicator specific (data) collection and reporting will have to be developed and maintained.

3 Result Area 2 Result question 2.1a: To what extent has there been progress in the development and implementation of plans for sustainable growth and water safety (incl. good governance) in the target area of your programme? Indicator 1: Number of river basins/deltas with water allocation/flow management plans in place that are ecologically and socioeconomically sustainable Improved river basin management and safe deltas 0 (Lakes) 0 (EES) 1 (Lakes), 1(EES) See baseline 0 (Lakes) 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) The water policy of South Sudan acknowledges the importance of integrated water resources management however limited experience has been gained with this approach and no specific targets have been set to monitor performance in this area. Water safety is even to a lesser extend on the agenda than water security, although floods do occur and hamper development. Population is used to live in areas with seasonal flooding and droughts, but patterns may change over time. Increasing erratic rainfall, as expected as a result from climate change (next to higher temperatures), may lead to increasing need to put water safety also on the agenda. At this moment South Sudan has no overall policy nor regulatory framework for water management. The Dutch funded project from Policy and Strategy to Governance and Knowledge (PSGK), which was designed to contribute to filling this gap, has been put on hold, since the Dutch government decided to put on hold the direct cooperation with the central government of South Sudan in the wake of civil conflict that started in December Targets given in this table are the ones set by the Dutch funded programmes. Progress report and mid term evaluation (EES). Indicator 2: Number of river basins in which a participatory river basin management body is in place to promote cooperative management. 0 (EES) 1(EES) See baseline 0 0 (EES) 0 (EES) Progress report and mid term evaluation (EES). Result question 2.1b: To what extent has your programme contributed to this result? Two IWRM programmes were formulated in the context of the bilateral water programme between South Sudan and The Netherlands, which were contracted in The internal war (started December 2013) has set back the implementation of the programmes. Moreover, the project with the central government has been put on hold ('From Policy and Strategy to Governance and Knowledge'). The two water programmes operated in an inception Phase mode in In 2015 a start was made in developing a system for data collection, develop a hydrological model, setting up sub catchment committees as well as training of local officials in IWRM. Indicator 1: Number of people (male/female) targeted in the Dutch water management projects (Lakes) 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes) 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes) 0 (EES) Project reports. Indicator 4: Progress in the implementation of cost-effective water resources assessment systems (WRAM) Indicator 3: Progress in the formulation and adoption of the regulatory frameworks for Water Resources Management and water services delivery Indicator 4: Progress in the implementation of IWRM in two rivers (Na'am, Kinyetti) 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 25% (Lakes) 25% (EES) 0% (Lakes), 0% (EES) 0% (Lakes), 0% (EES) 10% (Lakes), 25% (EES) Project reports. 0% (Lakes), 0% (EES) 25% (Lakes) 25% (EES) 0% (Lakes), 0% (EES) 0% (Lakes), 0% (EES) 0% (Lakes), 0% (EES) Programme report. 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 30% (Lakes) 50% (EES) 0% (Lakes), 0% (EES) 5% (Lakes), 5% (EES) 5% (Lakes), 15% (EES) Programme report. Result question 2.2a: To what extent has transboundary and collective river basin management been improved in the target area of your programme? Currently South Sudan is not dealing with transboundary river management. However, owing to the initiation of IWRM under the Dutch funding in Eastern Equatoria and Lakes States and geopolitics concerning the (White) Nile and the river that originates from DR Congo, transboundary river basin management may become an issue. Both Sudan and Egypt look with interest at the part of the Nile flowing through South Sudan. Result question 2.2b: To what extent has your programme contributed to this result? There are no transboundary river basin management activities supported by The Netherlands in South Sudan. However, as a result of the integrated water resource management projects funded by the Dutch Government in Lakes and Eastern Equatoria States awareness on water resource managemement is being created including transboundary water management. Given these are the only IWRM projects in the country and strategic location of South Sudan- sharing the White Nile, and another river (targeted under water for Lakes project) may push transboundary water resource management onto the National water resource management agenda where support from international water partners (Dutch actors) may be highly needed in the near future.

4 Assessment of results achieved by NL across the entire Result Area 2 Improved river basin management and safe deltas B. Results achieved as planned After a slow start to the project due to political instability in South Sudan, progress in implementing IWRM is being registered. Awareness is being created in communities and authorities about this approach. Data is also being gathered by trained local staff on two rivers and systems have been put in place at state levels to collect, manage and utilize this data for river systems modelling for better management. In Eastern Equatoria, common interest groups have been formed as building block for future water management bodies. There is progress being made to introduce the concept of IWRM in South Sudan. There is need to continue building the momentum that has been generated through the two water projects. Restarting the PSGK project later will also help to achieve targets under IWRM Result Area 3 Result question 3.1a: How many people (male/female) have gained sustainable access to an improved water source or improved sanitary facility and to what extent has governance been improved on this topic in the target area of your programme? Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) Since indepedence of south Sudan, there is has been limited investments from the government in WASH. Donors have been supporting improved coverage in the country. The outbreak of conflict in December 2013 has made this situation even dire as the security situation negatively impacted the focus, the financial and economic position of the South Sudanese government. This conflict also resulted into the destruction of WASH infrastructure in both rural and urban centres although the extend of this destruction is not documented. Indicator 1: Percentage of urban/rural population with sustainable access to, and using, improved sanitation facilities 26.5% (urban), 11.3% (rural) 40.5% (urban), 17.3% (rural) no data (urban), 13.3% (rural) 22% (urban), 9% (rural) 16.4% (urban), 4.5% (rural) JMP report (UNICEF/WHO) Indicator 2: Percentage of urban/rural population with sustainable access, and using, improved drinking water facilities 39.4% (urban), 41.1% (rural) 45.0% (urban), 56,3% (rural) no data (urban), 6.1 % (rural) no (reliable) data 66.7% (urban), 56.9% (rural) JMP report (UNICEF/WHO) Indicator 3: Percentage of facilities functioning 65% 70% no data no data 50 % (EES), 79% (Lakes) Progress reports Result question 3.1b: To what extent has your programme contributed to this result? Water for Lakes and Eastern Equatoria projects have substantial components addressing WASH. This projects aim at increasing WASH coverage for communities in the two locations through drilling and rehabiltation of boreholes, construction of toilets, provision of handwashing facility, Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS), hygiene promotion in schools through the CHAST and menstrual hygiene management for school girls. Number of WASH facilities provided are documented but not yet the number of beneficiaries. Beneficiary data of the years 2012, 2013 and 2014 were based on results from the now closed UNICEF project. Indicator 1: Number of people (urban /rural, male/female) reached with sustainable access to, and using, improved sanitation facilities through ,745 (School WASH EES) Progress reports. central programmes Indicator 2: Number of people (urban/rural, male/female) reached with sustainable access to, and using, improved water sources through central programmes Indicator 3: Number of people (urban/rural, male/female) reached with hygiene education and social marketing programmes through central programmes (Lakes) 0( EES) Progress reports (Lakes) 0( EES) Progress reports. Indicator 4: Number of communities/schools declared open defecation free (ODF) through central programmes (number of people in ODF environment) (number of people in ODF environment) 1 ( EES ODF village), 0 (Lakes) Progress reports.

5 Result question 3.2a: To what extent have water management aspects and a more business oriented way of working been applied in your WASH programmes? Overall, business oriented ways of working in WASH has been limited in South Sudan. Although there is private sector involvement in drilling of boreholes, there has been limited engagement in operation and maintenance as a result of free humanitarian supply of spareparts (until 2015). This forced out most traders and dealers in this area. There is however a drive across the country among partners and government to involve community in operation and maintenance of water points; this is being done through formation of water management committees for each water point established based on national guidelines. The committees are responsible for mobilization of funds and management of water facilities on behalf of communities. Result question 3.2b: To what extent has your programme contributed to this result? The Netherlands contributed to this result area in 2015 through Water for Eastern Equatoria and Water for Lakes State projects which are focussed on strengthening the capacity of local communities and authorities to manage water facilities provided/rehabilitated under the projects. To date 168 water points (boreholes) have been drilled in Eastern Equatoria and Lakes states and 117 repaired in Lakes State. During the reporting period, Water Management Commitees were formed to manage the operation and maintenance of these new and existing/rehabilitated facilties in a sustainable manner. Indicator 1: Capacity strenghtened of County and Boma Level Government Agencies and related Communities Indicator 2: Increase of community participation in the financial sustainability of the operation and maintenance of water supply and sanitation facilities 0 10 (Lakes), 8 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 0 (lakes), 3 (EES) 0 20% (Lakes), 20% (EES) 0 % (Lakes), 0% (EES) 0 % (Lakes), 0% (EES) 0 % (Lakes), 10% (EES) Project reports. Project rreports. 3 Counties(Torit, Imehejek and Lafon) in Eastern Equatoria have been capcittated on management. Indicator 3: Number of spare units adequately available through private sector and state level channels against regular prices (Lakes), 20 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 2 (EES) Project reports. Indicator 4: Number of private companies involved in water supply and sanitation services facilitated and trained 0 2 (Lakes), 2 (EES)0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 0 (EES) 0 (Lakes), 2 (EES) Project reports. Assessment of results achieved by NL across the entire Result Area 3 Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) C. Results achieved poorer than planned The UNICEF WASH project phased out in 2014 and the two main projects: Water for Lakes and Eastern Equatoria are at their nascent stage following their disruption by the 2013 political crisis (civil conflict) which delayed implementation for almost the entire periods of The projects made progress in the hardware component in 2015; however, software component was less developed and estimation of number of benficiaries was not documented. There is need to bridge gaps between the software and hardware components of the WASH interventions. The two projects started by fast tracking drilling and repair of boreholes but this is proving to have negative effect on community ownership and sustainability. Going forward, projects will have to document number beneficiaries under this component. Result Area 4 Result question 4.1a: How has the added value (knowledge, expertise, products and services) of the Dutch water sector been deployed in the preparation and implementation of programmes in the water sector? Trade and development cooperation Dutch companies, institutions and experts were used in the formulation, implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation of the two Water projects in Lakes and Eastern Equatoria. Several Dutch NGOs are also active in providing WASH support through humanitarian aid. Indicator 1: Number of Dutch water sector actors active in the local water sector (by companies, NGOs, Knowledge institutes and Drinking 0 (2010) water companies +water authorities) Including as well private consultants (own records)

6 Result question 4.1b: To what extent has your programme contributed to this result? During the identification and formulation of the water programme (2012/2013) extensive use has been made of the knowledge, expertise, products and services of the Dutch water sector. In 2015 the following actors were involved: knowledge institutes: UNESCO-IHE, CINOP, WUR/Alterra; Companies: EuroConsult/Mott MacDonald (Arnhem), Witteveen+Bos, WE-consult, CDP; NGO's: Dorcas and SNV as well as other organizations: VNG, Netherlands Water Partnership (NWP). The Grontmij continued to be involved in 2015 in rehabilitation and expansion of the PoC/IDP camp in Bentiu which was completely flooded in More potential (in the medium and long term) may exist in urban water and sanitation and in the combination of agricultural production and water management. The enormous floodplain of the White Nile (Sudd) is an important area for livelihoods for the local population as well as a crucial ecosystem to conserve. In the medium term it might be interesting to investigate if and how Dutch expertise can be mobilised for this. Indicator 1 : Number of Dutch water sector actors directly involved in preparation and implementation of Dutch funded programs (by 0 (2010) 16 (in total) no data 14 (in total, not differentiated) 6 5 companies, NGOs, knowledge institutes and Drinking water companies + water authorities) Indicator 2: Idem by NGOs 0 (2010) 16 (in total) no data 14 (in total, not differentiated) 3 3 Embassy records (SNV, ZOA and VNG) Embassy records.( VNG, Mott MacDonald, CDP, ZOA and SNV ) Indicator 3: Idem by Organisations/institutes 0 (2010) 16 (in total) no data 14 (in total, not differentiated) 1 2 Embassy records (CDP and MMD) Indicator 4: Idem by Knowledge Institutes 0 (2010) 16 (in total) no data 14 (in total, not differentiated) 2 3 Embassy records. Result question 4.2a: What are the results of the transition to a more trade related relationship in the water sector? The political and economic situation in South Sudan is still rather fragile and hence unattractive to most Dutch business entities. Limited Dutch companies started showing interest in South Sudan through doing assessments in potential business opportunities in South Sudan. However actual investments are yet to be realised. Result question 4.2b: To what extent has your programme contributed to this result? While there was no concrete Dutch investment in the water sector, awareness raising and capacity strengthening through the Dutch funded projects in Eastern Equatoria and Lakes is starting to show some potential for more Dutch involvement. Information on business opportunities have been provided to Dutch companies on request and through NWP meetings. More Dutch expertise may be required in the near future in the areas of integrated water resource management, transboundary river basin management, grounds water resource management, amongst others as a result of demand being created through the two projects. Assessment of results achieved by NL across the entire Result Area 4 Trade and development cooperation B. Results achieved as planned The poor political and economic climate in South Sudan since the outbreak of conflict in December 2013 poorly impacted on the Dutch investments/trade interests in the Country. Travel advise to South Sudan has been negative and security development poor rendering investments unattactive for investors. Only knowledge institutes, NGOs and consultancy firms have been able to operate in this environment. Dutch investment interest (especially in the water and agricultural sector) may grow if genuine peace is achieved in South Sudan. This is partly because of the demands being created by the Dutch funded projects in Eastern Equatoria and Lakes for example in the upcoming mid term evaluations and project implementaion.