e Assessment Vancouver Landfill. City of Vancouver PRJ13006

Transcription

1 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Purpose Project Scope Physical Setting Hydrogeological Impact Assessment Landfill Design Objectives Landfill Development and Phased Fill Plan, Final Contours and Lifespan Analysis Landfill Settlement Short Term Demolition Waste Strategy Surface Water Management Plan Leachatee Management Plan Interim Landfill Gas Management Progressive Closure and Post-Closure Plan Financial Plan Biosolids Beneficial Use Plan Landfill/Facility Operations Health and Safety/Emergencyy Response Plan Fire Prevention and Responsee Plan Contingency Plan Environmental Monitoring Plan PHYSICAL SETTING 2.1 Location Geology Hydrogeology Surface Water Regime Climate Site History and Development Plan Incoming Tonnages Waste to Cover and Waste to Road Material Ratios HYDROGEOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 3.1 Natural Barrier Layer Performance e Assessment Contaminating Lifespan Groundwater Elevation and Flow Direction Local Hydrogeologyy Groundwater Flow in Landfill Ground Water Flow in the Peat Ground Water Flow in the Sand Aquifer Groundwater and Surface Water Impacts Assessment i

2 Shallow Groundwater Impacts Deep Groundwater Impacts Surface Water Impacts Impacts to Burns Bog Nearby Receptors and Risk Tolerance North East South West Source-Pathway-Receptor Analysis Applicable Water Use Criteria and Standards Recommendations from the Hydrogeological Review ( ) REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS AND DESIGN OBJECTIVES 4.1 Regulatory Requirements Landfill Criteria for Municipal Solid Waste Operational Certificate MR Delta s Municipal Zoning Bylaw Leachatee Discharge Permit SC Landfill Gas Management Regulation Landfill Gas Management Facilities Design Guideline BC Waste Discharge Regulation (WDR): Landfill Criteria for Municipal Solid Waste 2 nd Edition (DRAFT) Integrated Solid Waste Resourcee Management Plan (ISWRMP) Design Objectives and Constraints Assessment of the DLC Mattress and Drainage Layer Natural Barrier System Landfill Gas Collection, Flaring and Utilization System Final Cover System for Phases 1, 2 and 3 West Surface Water Control Systems Leachatee Containment and Collection System Leachatee Discharge System Environmental Monitoring Network LANDFILL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 5.1 Background Waste Generation Forecast Historical Air Space Consumption Air Space Requirements and Design Capacity Phased Landfill Development Plan LANDFILL SETTLEMENTT & SLOPE STABILITY 6.1 Background Settlement Theory Review ii

3 6.3 Review of Past Settlement Forecasts Review of Historical Settlement Data Phase Phase 2 and Projection of Future Settlements Slope Stability Assessment Overview of Stability Mounding and Shear Strength Parameter Review SG-Veneer Stability Analysis SLIDE Stability Analysis Seismic Consideration ns SHORT TERM DEMOLITION WASTE STRATEGY 7.1 Demolition Waste Quantities and Characteristi ics Incoming DLC Tonnages DLC Waste Characteristics Challenges with Existing Demolition Strategies Airspace Analysis Western 40 Ha Closure Plan Approved Closure Plan Western 40 Ha Settlement Analysis Landfill Gas Management Plan Proggressive Closure Plan Daily and Intermediate e Cover Strategy Operational Uses for DLC Waste SURFACE WATER MANAGMENT 8.1 Surrounding Surface Water Uses Existing Surface Water Management Strategies Runoff Volume Peak Runoff Analysis with Rational Methodd Peak Runoff Analysis with HEC-HMS Leachatee Pump Station Capacity Leachatee Pump Station Capicity Existing Storage and Options for Future Storage Capacity Short Term Run-Off and Leachate Management Plan Erosion Control Options for Managing Clean Runoff LEACHATE MANAGEME ENT PLAN 9.1 Introduction Leachate Generation Potential Leachate Collection and Containment System Maintenance Plan for Leachate Management Leachate Generation Rate iii

4 9.5.1 HELP Modeling Results Leachate Collection and Containment Efficiency Ditch Gradient Reversals Staff Gauge Locations and Recommendations Leachate Generation Control and Treatment Options Leachatee Aeration Pond Design Leachatee Aeration System Sedimentation Pond Leachatee Recirculation Current and Future Leachate Collection and Containment System Current Leachate Quality Projection of Leachate Chemistry Profile Leachate Storage Capacity LFG MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 10.1 Existing LFG System Description Extraction Network Conveyance System Condensate Disposal System LFG Extraction Plant LFG Disposal Equipment LFG Generation and Recovery Estimates Input Data for Modeling Projected LFG Generation LFG Recovery Data Recommended Landfill Gas Management Infrastructure Basis for Design Site Specific Design Considerations Description of Proposed Gas Collection System Sequencing of LFG System Installation for Phase Summary of Recommendations PROGRESSIVE CLOSURE AND POST CLOSURE PLAN 11.1 Progressivee Closure Overview Summary of Key Design and Construction Issues Conceptual Closure Plan for the Western 40 Ha Recommended Final Cover System for Remaining Phases Cover Materials Delivery Timing Standard Design for Stormwater Features Vegetation Plan and Erosion Control Vegetation Strategy Seeding Plan Straw Wattle Ditch Protection Loose Straw Slope Protection Erosion Control in Ditches iv

5 11.8 End Use Options Post Closure Operation and Maintenance Plan Annual Operating and Monitoring Reportt Environmental Monitoring Program Annual Inspectionn Settlement and Slope Stability Monitoringg Maintenance PROGRESSIVE CLOSURE AND CAPITAL COST FINANCIAL PLAN 12.1 Progressivee Closure and Capital Costs Landfill Gas Capital Costs Operating Costs Costs of Post Closure Care Contingency Capital Reserve BIOSOLIDS BENEFICIAL USE PLAN Intentionally deleted 14. LANDFILL DEVELOPM MENT AND FACILITY OPERATIONS 14.1 Waste Generation Projection Lift by Lift Phase 3 Southeast Lift by Lift Fill Plan Phase 3 Northeast Lift by Lift Fill Plan Operational Parameters Daily and Intermediate e Cover Requirements Interim Tarping Strategy Management of Nuisance Waste General Nuisance Waste Management Strategy Asbestos Nuisance Waste WWTP Screens and Grit Nuisance Wastee Water Treatment Plant Residuals (WTPR) Nuisance Waste CFIA Nuisance Waste Bottom Ash Active Face Inspectionn and Supervision Dust, Noise, Litter, Odour, Birds/Vectors and Traffic Management Dust Control Odour Control Noise Control Litter Control Vector and Bird Control Traffic Management Road Constructionn Operations of Scales, Recycle Area, Householdd Hazardouss Area and Compost Facility Scale Facility Residential Drop Off Area and Householdd Hazardouss Wastes v

6 Compost Facility Site Security, Fencing and Signage Site Security Signage Fencing Complaints Management Requirements of Reporting and Records Dredge Pond Road Serviceabilit ty HEALTH AND SAFETY AND EMERGENCY RESPONSEE PLAN 15.1 Regulatory Requirements Transfer Station and Landfill Operations OHS Manual Review Overview of the OHS Manual Safe Operating Guidelines (SOG) and Procedures (SOP) Emergency Preparedness and Response Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Measures to Minimize Hazards to Public Safety Traffic Safety Summary of Review of OHS Plan Emergency Response Plan Construction Health and Safety Conclusions and Recommendations FIRE PREVENTION AND RESPONSE PLAN Vancouver Landfill DLC Fire Recommendations from the Fire Suppression Needs Report Water Supply Upgrades Fire Response Plan Risk Reduction and Prevention CONTINGEN NCY PLAN 17.1 Important Information Emergency Resources and Telephone Numbers Map and Directions to Nearest Health Facility General Requirements and Guidelines of Contingency Plans Response Procedures Identification of Hazards Landfill Gas Landfill Fires Leachate Vehicle Accidents Natural Disaster Response Plan - Flooding vi

7 Natural Disaster Response Plan - Earthquakes Contingency Plan - Landfill as a Resource Early Closure Contingency Plan Contingency Plan for Design Performance ENVIRONM MENTAL MONITORING PLAN 18.1 Environmental Monitoring Requirements Leachate Monitoring Requirements Surface Water Monitoring Requirement Groundwater Monitoring Requirements Review of Recent Environmental Monitoring Reportss Review of MoE Monitoring Guidelines Evaluation of Compliance Point Recommendations for Changes to the Environmental Monitoring Program Overview of LFG Monitoring Requirements Environmental Monitoring Requirements LFG Monitoring in On-Site Structures Off-Site LFG Lateral Migration Monitoring Review of Existing Monitoring System Recommendations to the LFG Environmental Monitoring Program LIMITATION NS 20. REFERENCE ES LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Aerial Topography 2013 Figure 2-1 Site Location Figure 2-2 Infrastructure Figure 2-3 Simplified Representation of Site Geology Figure 2-4 Leachate Generation Figure 2-5 Water Balance Figure 2-6 Interpolated Isoheytal Map Figure 2-7 Historical Waste Tonnages Figure 2-8 Historical Developmen nt Figure D&O Phasing Plan Figure 2-10 Waste to Cover and Waste to Road Ratios (tonnage) Fig 3-1 Chloride Migration through Organic Silt Layer Fig 3-2 Shallow Groundwater Levels vii

8 Fig 3-3 Deep Groundwater Levels Fig 3-4A Monitoring Locations Fig 3-4B Monitoring Locations Figure 5-1 MV Waste Disposal Forecast Figure 5-2 Historical and Future Waste Tonnages Figure 5-3 Final Contours Figure 5-4 VLF All Cut and Fill Figure 5-5 Final Contours for VLF to 2037 Figure 5-6 Final Design Contours for Phase 3 East Figure 5-7 Cut & Fill Analysis for Phase 3 East Figure 5-8 Final Design Contours for Phase 3 South East Figure 5-9 Cut and Fill Analysis for Phase 3 South East Figure 5-10 PH3 East Cross Section Figure 5-11 Final Design Contours for Phase 3 North East Figure 5-12 Cut and Fill for Phase 3 North East Figure 5-13 Final Design Contours for Phase 4 Figure 5-14 Cut and Fill Analysis for Phase 4 - Final vs Existing April 2013 Contours Figure 5-15 Final Design Contours for Phase 4 South Figure 5-16 Cut and Fill Analysis for Phase 4 South Figure 5-17 Final Design Contours for Phase 4 North Figure 5-18 PH4 North Cut and Fill Figure 5-19 Design Contours for Phase 5 Soil Monofill Stockpile Figure 5-20 Cut and Fill Analysis for Phase 5 Ash Monofill Figure 5-21 Design Contours for Surplus Soil Monofill Stockpile Figure 5-22 Cut and Fill for Surplus Soil Monofill Figure 6-1 Time VS Total Settlements at discharge bridges manhole location Figure 6-2 Phase 1 Settllement Hubs Figure 6-3 Phase 1 Pre-Closure Hubs Settlement Rates Figure 6-4 Phase 1 Post-Closure Average Annually Crest Settlementt Figure Phase 1 Post-Closure Average Annually Crest Settlement - using a m vertical scale Figure 6-5 Phase 1 Pre-Closure Hubs Settlement Rates Figure 6-5b Phase 1 Post-Closure Avg Annually Crest Settlement Figure 6-6 Phase 2 Pre-Closure Hubs Settlement Rates Figure 6-7 Phase 2 Settlement Hubs Location Figure 6-8 Phase 2 During-Closu ure Avg Annually Crest Settlement-using a m vertical scale Figure 6-9 Phase 2 Pre-Closure Average Annually Side Slopes Settlement Figure 6-9b Phase 1 Pre-Closure Avg Annually Crest Settlement - using a m vertical scale Figure 6-10 Phase 2 Settlement Hubs 2010 & 2011 Figure 6-11 Phase 2 Pre-Closure Hubs Unit Settlement Rates Figure 6-12 Phase 2 Pre-Closure Average Annually Crest Settlement (Oct 2011-Mar 2012) Figure 6-12b Phase 2 Pre-Closure Average Annually Crest Settlement (Oct 2011-Mar 2012)- a m vertical scale Figure 6-14 Phase 2 During-Closu ure Average Annually Crest Settlement (Dec 2012-June 2013)0-4.5 m vertical scale viii

9 Figure 6-13 Phase 3 Settlement Hubs March 2013 Figure 6-15 Phase 2 Hubs During-Closure and Measured Phase 3 Crest Settlement Profile Unit Settlement Rates Figure 6-16 Predictedd Figure 6-17 Projected Settlement over 15 years Figure 6-18 Projected Settlement over 100 years (log scale) Figure 6-19 Veneer Stability Analysis Figure 6-20 Shear Strength Parameters in Refuse Figure 6-21 Static Stability Analysis Figure 6-22 Seismic Stability Analysis Figure 7-1 Incoming tonnages of DLC Figure 7-2 Vancouver DLC Composition by Volume, Weight (Source GLL, 2004) Figure 7-3 DLC Waste Composition By Weight in (Source AET) Figure 7-4 Western 40 ha Subgrade Contours Figure 7-5 Western 40 ha Existing Contours (April 2013) Figure 7-6 Cut & Fill: 2013 Topography vs. Subgrade Contours Figure 7-7 Illustration Demonstrating Use of Automated d Rotating Laser Level for Grade Control Figure 7-8 Progressive Closure until 2038 Figure 8-1 Exist Stormwater Figure 8-2 Annual Leachate and Precipitation Data Figure 8-3 Leachate to Precipitation Correlation after Progressive Closure Figure 8-4 Monthly Leachate Flow by Year Figure 8-5 Leachate to Precipitation Correlation After Progressive Closure Figure 8-6 Daily Leachate vs Precipitation Figure 8-7 Daily Leachate vs Precip Dec 2012-Feb 2013 Figure 8-8 IDF Curve for Vancouver Airport Figure 8-9 HEC HMS Model Figure 8-10 Predictedd vs Actual Leachate Flow Figure 8-11 Filling Curve for Phase3 Pond Figure 8-12 Filling Curve for Phase3 Pond_Valve Closed Figure 8-13 Leachate Outflow at Pump Station_Pond Openn Figure 8-14 Leachate Discharge at Pump Station Figure 8-15 Leachate Discharge to Pump Station_pond valve open Figure 8-16 Leachate Discharge to Pump Station_pond valve closed Figure 8-17 Leachate Discharge to Pump Station_existing condition Figure 8-18 Leachatee Discharge To Pump StationYear 24hr Pond Valve Open Figure 8-19 Leachate Discharge To Pump Station 1:100 Year 24hr Storm Phase 3 Fully Capped, phase 3 Pond Valve Open Figure 8-20 Leachate Discharge To Pump Station 1:100 Year 24hr Storm Phase 3 Fully Capped, Phase 3 Pond And Linear Pond Valves Open Figure 8-21 Leachate Discharge To Pump Station 1:100 Year 24hr Storm Phase 3 Fully Capped, Phase 3 Pond And Linear Pond Valves Closed Figure 8-22 Short Term Linear Pond Layout Figure 8-23 Conceptual Cross Section of Linear Retention Pond Figure 8-24 Proposed Stormwater Management Plan ix

10 Figure 8-25 Western 40h Subgrade Contours and Stormwater Retentionn Figure 9-1 Exist Leachate Figure 9-2 Leachate Generation Potential Figure 9-3 Proposed Leachate Management Figure 9-4 Ammonia Dilution Figure 10-1 Proposed LG Collection System for Phase 3 and 4 Figure 10-2 LG Generation by Area Figure 10-3 Comparison of LG Generation Estimates Figure 10-4 Actual LG Recovery Figure 10-5 LG Generation & Recovery Projections Figure 10-6 LG Generation & Recovery Projections for Phase 2 & 3 Areas Figure 10-7 Proposed LFG Collection System for Phase 3 & 4 Figure 10-8 Proposed Final LFG Collection System Phase 3 Figure 10-9 Profile View Phase 3 North to South Figure Profile View Phase 3 East to West Figure Typical Horizontal Gas Collector Figure Phase 3 Southeast LFG Layout on Lift 2 (level 25) Figure Phase 3 Southeast LFG Layout on Lift 4 (level 35) Figure Phase 3 Northeast LFG Layout on Lift 2 (level 25) Figure Phase 3 Northeast LFG Layout on Lift 4 (level 35) Figure 11-1 Progressive Closure Plan Figure Typical Cover System for the W40 Ha Figure 11-3 Conceptual Veneer Design Figure 11-4 Conceptual Ditch and Erosion Control Figure 12-1 Operating Costs for Landfills in BC Figure 14-1 PH3 SouthEast Lift1-21m Figure 14-2 PH3 SouthEast Lift1-21m CutFill Figure 14-3 PH3 SouthEast Lift2 LFG Cond.Profile Figure 14-4 PH3 SouthEast Lift2-26 m Figure 14-5 PH3 SouthEast Lift2-26m CutFill Figure 14-6 PH3 SouthEast Lift2-26m LFG Figure 14-7 PH3 SouthEast Lift2-Cell3 LFG Figure 14-8 PH3 SouthEast Lift3-31m Figure 14-9 PH3 SouthEast Lift3-31m CutFill Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift3 LFG Prof Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift4-36m Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift4-36m CutFill Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift4 LFG Layout Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift5-40m Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift5-40m CutFill Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift6-43m Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift6-43m CutFill x

11 Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift1-21m Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift1-21m CutFill Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift2-26 m Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift2-26m CutFill Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift2- LFG Layout Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift3-31m Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift3-31m CutFill Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift4-36m Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift4-36m CutFill Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift5-40m Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift5-40m CutFill Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift6-43m Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift6-43m Figure PH3 NorthEast Lift6-43m CutFill Figure PH3 SouthEast Lift2-Nuisance Strategy Figure Typical Section Thru Nuisance Cell Figure 17-1 Suggested Route to the Nearest Hospital LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 Water Balance Summary Table 2-22 Precipation and Temperature Normals Near Vancouver Table 2-3 Material Tonnages Received at Table 3-1 Shallow Monitoring Wells. Table 3-2 Deep Monitoring Wells. Table 3-33 Surface Water Monitoring Locations. Table 5-1 Tonnage Summary Dataa Base Rev 2013 Table 5-2 VLF Scale tonnage and material information flight Table 5-3 Waste Flow Forecast to 2037 Table 5-4 MSW and DLC Tonnages Deposited in Phase 1 of the VLF Table 5-55 Phase 2 and Phase 3 Air Space Consumption Analysis Table 5-6 Air Space Required to 2037 Table 6-1 Phase 3 Predicted Settlement Rates Table 6-2 Mounding Depth above Geomembrane Liner Table 6-3 Data Base of Interface Friction between LLDPE and Geotextile Materials Table 6-4 Material Properties used in SLIDE and SG-Veneer Analysis Table 6-5 Results of Stability Analysis Table 6-66 SG - Veneer Stability Calculation Sheet Table 6-7 Newmark Seismic Deformation Calculation Sheet xi

12 Table 7-1 Waste Composition of DLC Waste Stream in 2004 (after GLL, 2004) Table 7-2 Waste Composition of DLC Waste Stream in 2011 (after AET, 2011) Table 7-3 Density Calculation Analysis for Western 40 Ha with 0.37 m Averagee Settlement Table 8-1 Annual Leachate flow from 1994 to 2012 Table 9-1 Leachate Generation Rate Table 9-2 HELP Modeling Profiles Table 9-3 Total Leachate Flow Estimation from HELP modeling results Table 9-4 Estimate of Leachate Volume in the Inner Ditch. Table 9-5 Double Ditch System Performance e between 1999 and Table 9-6 Leachate Strength Comparison to Permitted Concentrations. Table 9-7 Leachate Characteristi cs 2006 vs Table 9-8 Annual Average Leachate Concentrations for Indicator Parameters Table 10-1 Vertical Extraction Well Components Table 10-2 Horizontal Collector Components Table 10-3 Waste Disposal Tonnages Previous and Current Projections Table 11-1 Materials Management for Closure System Construction Table 12-1 Closure Cost Estimate Table 12-2 Capital Cost Estimate Table 12-3 Gas System Cost Estimate Table 12-4 Gas System Cost Estimate Table 12-5 Annual Operating and Maintenance Expenditures for 2012 Table 12-6 Estimated Annual Costs of Post Closure Caree Table 12-7 Capital and Post Closure Cost Analysis Closure 2037 Table 14-1 Projection of annual waste volumes and lift by lift requirements Table 17-1 Information about the Nearest Hospital Facility to VLF Table 17-2 Action Levels for Landfill Gas Table 18-1 Leachate Monitoring Parameters Table 18-2 Surface Water Monitoring Locations Table 18-3 Surface and Groundwater Monitoring Parameters Table 18-4 Shallow Monitoring Wells Table 18-5 Deep Monitoring Wells xii

13 APPENDIX A Scope of Work B1 Operational Certificate MR-1611 B2 Delta s Municipal Zoning Bylaw B3 Leachate Discharge Permit SC-1121 C Filling Analysis for Phase 3 D Settlement E1 Cover Filling Curves for Nov 2006 Storm E2 Cover Filling Curves for 1 in 100 year Storm F Fire Response Plan G Cost Analysis Dec 2013 xiii