BARE OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS

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1 BARE OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS

2 BARE OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS MISSION De Angeli Prodotti aspires to be the manufacturing leader - in terms of quality and innovation - of both insulated and enameled wires for electromechanical applications and overhead power line conductors. An important role is played by overhead conductors, for which we spend the maximum effort in research and collaboration with our customers, to be able to supply customized and high quality products. Our two plants, in Italy and France, serve both the European and Mediterranean markets. A dedicated workforce using the latest generation equipment and technology: 250 Total annual production capacity for overhead and catenary wires: Tons Combined covered area: m² Combined area: m²

3 FACTORIES With our facilities we are able to cover all the production chain, starting from aluminum, alloy and copper wire rod to finished single strand and flat wires. Our equipment is composed of : 5 extrusion machines 9 drawing machines 7 tubular stranding machines 4 annealing equipment 2 rigid stranding machines 2 planetary stranding machines 7 quenching furnaces 5 rewinding lines for conductors 2 coil lines Production range: Aluminum alloy wires: B mm Strand conductors: section mm² Number of wires: Catenary - contact wires: mm² Packaging: We offer a wide range of lengths and packing types, both on coils and drums.

4 SPECIAL CONDUCTORS The constant increase of population density and electric energy consumption requires continuous transport capacity increase. Building new lines is often very difficult due to lack of available lands and environmental concerns, especially in the developed countries. The high thermal limit (HTL) conductors for overhead lines are proposed specially to solve this problem, allowing an upgrade of the existing line increasing the ampacity from 1.5 to 2 times by replacing only the conductors, so saving time and money. The use of innovative technologies allows to have conductors with mechanical and dimensional characteristics similar to standard ACSR or AAAC but without any decline if exposed to high working temperatures. Another special feature of high thermal limit conductors is the lower thermal expansion coefficient that allows the reducing of the sag increase at high temperatures. Sag (m) Sag clearance C ACSR/ AAAC CONVENTIONAL SAG HIGHT THERMAL C ACSS/ Sheat-type HIGH THERMAL LIMIT ZTACIR GZTACSR Temperature ( C) The main types of high thermal limit conductors technologies are: Invar (ZTACIR) Gap-type (GZTACSR) Steel supported (ACSS) Sheat-type De Angeli produces all these type of conductors, and can supply its design experience to help you to choose the best type for your needs. Every project using HTL conductors requires a tailor-made approach. De Angeli Prodotti supports its clients to help them to find the best way to upgrade existing lines: Design the appropriate conductor Design all the necessary fittings Installation support Design the line and supply the conductor models for PLS-CADD

5 SPECIAL CONDUCTORS INVAR CONDUCTORS These conductors use a combination of Aluminium Clad Invar (a special Fe-Ni alloy with very low thermal expansion coefficient) for the core, and super thermal resistant Al-Zr alloy for the conductive layer. This allows: Low conductor thermal expansion coefficient that limits the sag increase with the increase of the temperature Have mechanical properties (diameter, strength, weight) very similar to ACSR conductors Maintaining the mechanical strength of the conductor with continuous operating temperature up to 210 C Easy installation, using the same installation method of standard ACSR conductors High corrosion resistance of the core thanks to the use of ACI Invar conductors are especially suitable to replace ACSR conductors in short and middle spans lengths in all the orographic conditions (plain, hill or mountains). ZTACIR ZTACIR GAP-TYPE CONDUCTORS These conductors have a special construction feature with a small gap filled with grease between the high strength steel core and the thermal resistant Al-Zr alloy conductive layers. This allows: Tension the core and the external layer independently to have the knee-point at the installation temperature Limiting the sag increase with the increase of the temperature by the thermal expansion coefficient above knee-point related to the steel core Maintaining the mechanical strength of the conductor with continuous operating temperature up to 210 C Reduced cost due to no expensive materials being required Installation method of GZTACSR is well but requires skilled specialists because at the time of sagging, a special sagging method is required to apply all the tension to the steel core only. Gap-type conductors are particularly suitable to replace ACSR conductors in flat lands or in any case with small difference in level. GZTACSR STEEL SUPPORTED CONDUCTORS These conductors consist of a high strength steel core with one or more layers of Annealed Aluminium wires (Al ). Steel core wires are protected from corrosion at high temperature by special zinc 5% aluminum alloy coating. This allows: The temperature related changes linked only to the steel core due to the low proof stress of the external layers, so limiting the sag increase with the increase of the temperature The use of full strength steel wires Continuous operating temperatures up to 200 C with no long term creep Low losses due to the high conductivity of Annealed Aluminium Mechanical properties compatible with AAAC and ACSR conductors Reduced aeolian vibration due to low mechanical load on the Aluminium wires ACSS conductors are suitable to replace AAAC and ACSR conductors in short, middle and long spans lengths in all the orographic conditions (plain, hill or mountains). GZTACSR TACSR SHEAT-TYPE CONDUCTORS De Angeli Prodotti has developed a series of extremely compact conductors characterized by the complete lack of empty due to an high strength steel core covered by extrusion of a penetrating annealed Aluminium sheat. This allows: The same current carrying capacity with lower diameters The reduction of the wind pressure on the conductor Low losses due to the high conductivity of Annealed Aluminium Characteristic like ACSS with the thermal expansion coefficient linked to that of the steel core limiting the sag increase with the temperature Continuous operating temperatures up to 200 C with no long term creep Sheat-type conductors are especially suitable to replace small AAC, AAAC and ACSR conductors in short spans lengths. SHEAT-TYPE SHEAT-TYPE

6 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT De Angeli Prodotti pays a lot of attention to innovation, and undertakes continuous research and develop to offer the most advanced technologies. The trends in this sector are the research of new materials and surface treatment to produce more lightweight conductors with the capability of increasing the ampacity and reducing the losses. The main projects are: ACCC/TW CARBON FIBER The carbon fiber composite materials exhibit extraordinary mechanical and thermal properties along the direction of the fibers. They allow the same mechanical strength of the steel with a weight 5 times lower and a thermal expansion coefficient near to zero. The use of this type of materials for the core allows the production of conductors with unrivalled performance. Material Density σ R (//) Specific Elastic Thermal T MAX strength (//) modulus expansion (//) kg/dm³ MPa MPa*dm³/kg GPa 10-6 / C C Steel 7, (reference) ,5 >300 Al alloy 2, (-37%) Metal matrix Composite 3, (+144%) Carbon Fiber Composite 1,7 1, (+550%) 150 < Specific strength (II) 1250 The carbon fiber composites are very sensitive to the environmental agents (moisture, oxygen, sunlight etc..), De Angeli Prodotti is developing special protection to ensure the long life of the conductor. MPa*dm 3 /kg Steel Al alloy MMC CF TACSR (with treatments) ZTACIR (with treatments) SURFACE EMISSIVITY TREATMENTS From the energy balance in a conductor carrying electric current, its temperature depends on the thermal energy (incoming from resistive losses and solar radiation) and the capacity to dissipate this energy. This can be done in two ways: by convection and by radiation. Unfortunately bare aluminium conductor have a poor emissivity coefficient, that limit the energy dissipation by radiation and increase the conductor temperature and consequently the resistivity. De Angeli Prodotti has developed a surface treatment by sand blasting to increase the emissivity of the conductors. This allows the increase of the current carrying capacity at a given temperature or on the other side the decrease of the temperature of the conductor at a given ampacity, especially with the high thermal limit conductors. The surface treatment is applicable to all the type of conductors, and does not effect the conductor strength or corrosion, resistance and will not flake in service or be easily damaged by normal handling, installation and line maintenance techniques. De Angeli Prodotti is also developing new surface treatments with better performance.

7 CONVENTIONAL CONDUCTORS De Angeli Prodotti produce a full line of monometallic and bimetallic bare conductors which are used in overhead transmission and distribution line applications. We can offer various conductor designs to meet your application requirements. The most common and used conductors for overhead lines are: CU Type of conductors Dimensional Range Normative Cu Ø 4 20mm ASTM B8-99, CEI 7.1, Sec mm² DIN 48201, BS 125 ACSR AAC AAAC Ø 5 41mm IEC 61089, EN 50182, ASTM B231, Sec mm² CEI 7.2, DIN 48201, BS 215 Ø 5 52mm IEC 61089, EN , ASTM B399, Sec mm² CEI 7.2, DIN 48201, BS 3242 EHC Ø 5 52mm IEC 61089, EN , ASTM B399, (extra high conductivity Sec mm² CEI 7.2, DIN 48201, BS 3242 conductors) AZALEE ACSR Ø 5 56mm IEC 61089, EN 50182, ASTM B232, Sec mm² CEI 7.2, DIN 48204, BS-215. CEE Azalee Ø 5 40mm IEC 62219, EN 62219, ASTM B779 (energy conservation Sec mm² conductors) De Angeli Prodotti has very considerable experience in manufacturing of all conventional conductors. ALUMINIUM CLAD STEEL AND OPGW De Angeli Prodotti can produce a full range of Aluminium Clad Steel (ACS) according to IEC with different values of conductivity which can be used for: Ground wires OPGW armouring Conductor reinforcements The special features of the ACS allow high corrosion resistance and a good balance between strength and conductivity. CATENARY LINES FOR RAILWAY APPLICATIONS De Angeli Prodotti can supply many components for electric traction overhead lines: Contact wire (trolley) according to EN 50149, Cu and CuAg alloy from 80 to 150mm² Contact wire supports Overhead conductors ACS OPGW OPGW OPGW TROLLEY

8 OC DE ANGELI PRODOTTI S.p.A. Viale dell Industria, Bagnoli di Sopra - Padova - Italy tel fax sales@deangeliprodotti.com T.C.H. DE ANGELI 40, bd Jules-Durand - B.P La Havre Cedex - France tel 0033 (0) fax 0033 (0) tch.de.angeli@wanadoo.fr