Cost of Trasformation of Iron Castings /ton ASSOFOND Index Transformation in /t

Transcription

1 ASSOFOND The Italian Foundry Federation Cost of Trasformation of Iron Castings on

2 ASSOFOND INDEX Starting from 2002, the foundry process was characterized by a high level of cost inflation, mainly caused by higher prices of raw and energy. With regard to ferrous castings, Assofond has monitored the phenomenon through the publication of the following classes of index: - Cast iron and scrap iron (Raw material Extra Charge) - Direct transformation input (Transformation Cost) - Alloy elements (Extra-alloy components for steel castings and investment casting) Assofond controls in a systematic way the representativeness of the index which are published with the trend of the market Direct Transformation Inputs In order to make available a summary index for the Direct Transformation input, Assofond has set the following composition taking as base year 2002 = 100.

3 Index breakdown (direct transformation inputs) Foundries using electrical furnaces Recarburising graphite 2.67 FeSiMg 8.00 Other (FeSi) 6.67 Metallic charge excluding pig iron & steel scraps Electrical power Natural Gas 2.67 Foundry Coke 0.00 Energies Filters & exothermic sleeves 8.00 French sand Core binders 8.00 Green sand binders 3.47 Other consumables (consumer prices index) Direct transformation inputs

4 Index breakdown (direct transformation inputs) Foundries using cupola furnaces Recarburising graphite 2.67 FeSiMg 8.00 Other (FeSi) 6.67 Metallic charge excluding pig iron & steel scraps Electrical power Natural Gas 1.43 Foundry Coke Energies Filters & exothermic sleeves 8.00 French sand Core binders 8.00 Green sand binders 3.47 Other consumables (consumer prices index) Direct transformation inputs

5 These compositions represent an average value observed in 2002 from a representative sample of Italian foundries. In Assofond intent, the publication of separate indexes for each component of the index would have allowed the foundry to customize individual monitoring of the overall cost of their inputs, through the whole cycle of their product (the "Cyclone") or separately for each family or, in the case of maximum detail at the product level. On several occasions, many foundries have urged Assofond to directly rollover the index basing on the index value of one ton of cast product. Up to now, Assofond has avoided to join to these requests, considering its duty to provide in a controlled, transparent and controllable way, a system of indexes that foundries can use in their specific and particular reality, to monitor the costs, with its system of management control. To make this possible and effective, it is necessary that each production process directly rollover the index, guaranteed by Assofond as representative of the market, using the weights of its cycles of work, warning that the composition tables above are only indicative and representative of the average values Foundry process sample examined. Assofond also indicated the following scheme to make the factorization of the standardized value of the product.

6 The value of the product Foundry casting can be broken down according to the following scheme A B C A-B-C D A-B-C-D Value of the casting in on Pig iron and scrap on Alloy elements for cast iron Value of transformation on Direct transformation input on Value of the activities on

7 To the value of the product on the manufacture and any other processing activities on the castings, not including other activities such as manufacture of molds and models, internal orders, etc.. divided by net tons produced that could be shipped, then the value of the Product in / tonne, less the cost, always in / tonne of raw material, pig iron and scrap, as published by Assofond, divided by the yield (less than 1 ) due to melting and trimming losses. Subtracting than the value of the alloy elements for cast iron, always in / tonne, as well as from official prices, such as the LME (London Metal Exchange). For alloy elements mean, for example, copper and / or tin for pearlitic pig iron, copper, nickel, molybdenum, manganese, chromium, etc.. for alloyed cast iron. The prices reported by the official prices will be divided by a coefficient (less than 1) which takes into account not only the melting and trimming losses, but also the losses due to the full recycling of gating, whose size is highly variable, even in relation the volumes produced by each composition. What remains is called "Value of Transformation", which can be divided into direct Transformation Input (Consumption of other than pig iron and scrap and alloy, Energies) and the so-called "Value of the activities ".

8 The term "Value of the Activities", by its very definition of the balance, is the residual sum of the following three components: - External services (B7 of the EEC Balance Sheet, excluding the electrical power driving force) - Labour cost (B9 of the EEC Balance Sheet) - Balance, the EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) from Operating Business, containing, in addition to net income, Tax, Financial Operating Results, Depreciation and Amortization, also the costs for the fruition of goods and other operating charges. The consumption of other than pig iron and alloy elements are divided into two classes: the Metallic charge excluding pig iron and steel scraps and auxiliary. The first are precisely identified, both as nature and as weight of the rollover on the product, as they come into all the products involved in the process with a weight that is sufficiently uniform, within the same family of castings. The so-called auxiliary contain a very large amount of codes, which are differentiated by size, quantity used, very dependent on the geometry and thickness of the casting and the final quality desired on individual product. For this reason, the rollover should be made at the product level. At the aggregate level of management control of the information is difficult to manage, for the purposes of internal control efficiency.

9 An agreement to simplify things Assofond decided to adopt here a simplified version of their model, indexing Materials for Various Consumption (general inflation). We feel that this convention leads to an underestimation of inflationary dynamics, including the Materials characterized by a major energy components in the form of impact of transport (the case of sand) and energetic (binders and catalysts). By analyzing the time series of the past, it is clear that the inflationary trend of the auxiliary could be estimated with an index composed in equal parts by an index of general inflation (consumer prices index) and an energy index. However we decide to use the only consumer prices index, even with the declared intention to push efficiency to the foundries in relation to the supply system. Time scheduling The starting date of the new model of the indexes is fixed in the middle of 2002 year, with a monthly update as usual for Assofond index.

10 News Compared with the Direct Transformation Input index we can find following three news: 1) Underestimation of Materials trend 2) An easy evaluation of the effect of inflation on the castings providing the data directly in Euro / tonne 3) Aggregation of the inflationary component into two big categories, depending on the nature of the drivers of inflation: a. Commodity and Energies, energetic driver. b. Activities and Materials, general inflation driver. The following three charts explain why the different raw can be renamed Energetic Materials.

11 Electrical power Vs Recarburising graphite

12 Electrical power Vs FeSiMg

13 Electrical power Vs FeSi75

14 Value of the Product Structure Each Foundry should represent the / structures / and the value of the product, applying to it Assofond Index and using the results to verify the positive deviations (efficiencies) and / or negative (inefficiencies) of its management. Assofond provide one of these possible representations, the so-called Cyclone 2002: on a project in which the reference value of Transformation ABC in 2002 is equal to 1000 / ton, the said value being divided into two equal parts: - D: Direct Transformation Input IDT * = 50% = 500 / tonne - A - B - C - D: Value of the Activities VA = 50% * VA = 500 / tonne As we shall see, taking as reference value / t does not take away the generality of application of the tables, while the weights of the division into two components IDT and VA represent a special case, however, sufficiently representative. The composition of the IDT, above mentioned for the electric furnace and cupola furnace represent a particular case, is sufficiently representative. The choices made are necessary to achieve a single synthetic indicator in / ton, warning that all is ok and it is easy, as indexes of primary Assofond IDT are well-known, customize, per Foundry, Castings Family, Product Code. Assofond is available to provide any customization that may be required.

15 Structure of the Product Value In order to perform the calculations, you need the following information relating to a balance on an annual basis in any year since 2002: Electrical power Natural Gas Coke Graphite FeSi45Mg FeSi75 /Mwh /knmc on on on on Net product/casting % Reject % Net sales/casting % Electrical power Natural gas for foundry Natural gas TT Coke kwh/gross ton cast Nmc/ gross ton cast Nmc/net ton treated kg/ gross ton cast Quote of pig iron for ductile iron on total of pig iron for ductile iron +scrap % Quote of Bales of deep drawing steel scrap 30X30 for Foundry on total of pig iron +scrap % Quote of hematite pig iron on total of hematite pig iron+scrap % Quote of steel scrap for steel makers on total of pig iron+steel scrap % Total loss for foundry % Quote of graphite on the weight of bales deep drawing scrap % Quote FeSi45Mg on gross weight % Quote of FeSi75 and other Ferro-alloy in FeSi75 equivalent on gross weight % Weight of Activities in the Value of Transformation %

16 Structure of the Product Value This is the pattern of the Transformation of the structure of value, according to the schemes described above. El Furn. Cupola A-B-C Value of transformation on on D Direct transformation inputs on Recarburising graphite on 13,35 13,35 FeSiMg on 40,00 40,00 Other (FeSi) on 33,35 33,35 Metallic charge excluding pig iron & steel scraps on 86,70 86,70 Electrical power on 146,65 78,80 Natural Gas on 13,35 7,15 Foundry Coke on 0,00 74,05 Energies on 160,00 160,00 on 253,30 253,30 D Direct transformation inputs on 500,00 500,00 A-B-C-D Value of the activities (balance of A-B-C) on Recarburising graphite weight 2,67 2,67 FeSiMg weight 8,00 8,00 Other (FeSi) weight 6,67 6,67 Metallic charge excluding pig iron & steel scraps weight 17,34 17,34 Electrical power weight 29,33 15,76 Natural Gas weight 2,67 1,43 Foundry Coke weight 0,00 14,81 Energies weight 32,00 32,00 (balance to 100) weight 50,66 50,66 Direct transformation inputs weight 100,00 100,00 The green boxes represent input data. What is used here are those chosen for the synthetic indicator Assofond. In the same green boxes you can enter different data, in the case of customizations.

17 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 1 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

18 Tab. 2 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

19 Tab. 3 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

20 Tab. 4 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

21 Tab. 5 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

22 Tab. 6 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

23 Tab. 7 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

24 Tab. 8 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphit e FeSiMg FeSi75 commoditie s El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

25 Tab. 9 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 commoditie s El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies ,90 88,04 83,04 192,98 261,78 26,75 0,00 288,54 481, ,90 88,04 80,45 190,38 269,67 27,16 0,00 296,83 487, ,90 88,04 78,93 188,87 275,43 27,77 0,00 303,19 492, ,90 88,04 78,36 188,30 281,47 28,44 0,00 309,92 498, ,90 88,04 76,41 186,35 308,96 29,06 0,00 338,02 524, ,90 88,04 72,69 182,63 319,34 29,53 0,00 348,87 531, ,90 88,04 69,26 179,20 321,86 30,00 0,00 351,86 531, ,90 88,04 69,26 179,20 333,75 30,63 0,00 364,39 543, ,90 88,04 67,66 177,59 339,91 31,13 0,00 371,04 548, ,90 88,04 65,58 175,52 338,90 31,73 0,00 370,62 546, ,90 88,04 64,12 174,06 345,19 32,34 0,00 377,53 551, ,90 88,04 60,83 170,77 342,70 32,98 0,00 375,68 546,46

26 Tab. 10 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphi te FeSiMg FeSi75 commoditie s El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies ,09 93,32 60,98 178,39 348,23 33,52 0,00 381,74 560, ,09 93,32 61,96 179,37 354,45 34,11 0,00 388,56 567, ,09 93,32 66,27 183,67 358,90 34,63 0,00 393,53 577, ,09 93,32 67,55 184,96 365,96 35,05 0,00 401,01 585, ,09 93,32 66,24 183,65 377,32 35,34 0,00 412,66 596, ,09 93,32 61,91 179,32 398,43 35,66 0,00 434,09 613, ,09 93,32 58,93 176,34 393,29 35,73 0,00 429,02 605, ,09 93,32 58,82 176,23 395,89 35,90 0,00 431,79 608, ,09 93,32 59,47 176,87 398,78 36,37 0,00 435,15 612, ,09 93,32 60,34 177,75 395,15 36,71 0,00 431,86 609, ,09 93,32 59,30 176,70 389,83 36,92 0,00 426,75 603, ,09 93,32 59,09 176,50 385,74 36,94 0,00 422,68 599,18

27 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 11 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphi te FeSiMg FeSi75 commoditie s El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies commoditi es ,09 90,44 59,30 173,82 385,15 36,86 0,00 422,01 595, ,09 90,44 60,91 175,43 391,63 36,74 0,00 428,37 603, ,09 90,44 62,35 176,88 390,84 36,63 0,00 427,47 604, ,09 90,44 63,66 178,19 403,89 36,29 0,00 440,17 618,36 24,09 90,44 61,98 176,51 403,89 35,88 0,00 439,77 616,28 24,09 90,44 59,62 174,14 396,75 35,62 0,00 432,37 606,51 24,09 90,44 57,69 172,22 393,55 35,58 0,00 429,13 601,34 24,09 90,44 56,95 171,48 392,32 35,41 0,00 427,73 599,21 24,09 90,44 57,57 172,10 389,65 35,06 0,00 424,71 596, ,09 90,44 58,82 173,35 390,02 34,75 0,00 424,77 598, ,09 90,44 59,80 174,33 384,75 34,51 0,00 419,26 593, ,09 90,44 60,26 174,78 384,83 34,36 0,00 419,20 593,98

28 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 12 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies ,37 87,73 60,43 171,52 384,81 34,29 0,00 419,11 590,63 23,37 87,73 60,83 171,92 392,66 34,12 0,00 426,77 598,69 23,37 87,73 61,79 172,88 391,95 33,88 0,00 425,83 598,71 23,37 87,73 62,04 173,13 391,17 33,77 0,00 424,93 598,06 23,37 87,73 61,69 172,78 399,94 33,75 0,00 433,69 606,47 23,37 87,73 61,23 172,32 400,23 33,75 0,00 433,98 606,30 23,37 87,73 62,48 173,57 401,04 33,79 0,00 434,83 608,39 23,37 87,73 62,30 173,39 398,31 33,69 0,00 432,00 605,40 23,37 87,73 63,24 174,33 396,40 33,54 0,00 429,93 604, ,37 87,73 62,27 173,36 395,38 33,37 0,00 428,75 602, ,37 87,73 64,44 175,53 389,80 33,07 0,00 422,87 598, ,37 87,73 65,45 176,54 380,67 32,62 0,00 413,28 589,83

29 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 13 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies ,37 87,73 66,09 177,18 384,10 31,78 0,00 415,87 593, ,37 87,73 66,82 177,91 374,32 30,79 0,00 405,11 583,01 23,37 87,73 65,83 176,93 377,63 29,94 0,00 407,57 584,49 23,37 87,73 66,00 177,09 374,02 29,17 0,00 403,19 580,28 23,37 87,73 66,65 177,74 369,06 28,48 0,00 397,55 575,28 23,37 87,73 65,44 176,53 362,32 27,85 0,00 390,17 566,71 23,37 87,73 64,18 175,27 359,63 27,10 0,00 386,72 561,99 23,37 87,73 63,11 174,20 367,62 26,27 0,00 393,89 568,08 23,37 87,73 61,64 172,73 367,06 25,24 0,00 392,30 565, ,37 87,73 57,17 168,26 366,79 24,18 0,00 390,97 559, ,37 87,73 51,86 162,95 369,79 23,31 0,00 393,10 556, ,37 87,73 49,17 160,26 373,27 22,58 0,00 395,85 556,12

30 Tab. 14 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies ,37 87,73 49,17 160,26 376,41 26,01 0,00 402,42 562, ,37 87,73 48,75 159,84 361,09 23,81 0,00 384,90 544, ,37 87,73 48,62 159,71 353,87 20,20 0,00 374,07 533, ,37 87,73 50,15 161,24 347,40 19,36 0,00 366,76 528, ,37 87,73 51,33 162,42 350,24 19,39 0,00 369,63 532, ,37 87,73 50,97 162,06 341,06 18,34 0,00 359,40 521, ,37 87,73 50,79 161,88 332,63 19,19 0,00 351,82 513, ,37 87,73 50,79 161,88 342,66 19,15 0,00 361,81 523, ,37 87,73 51,64 162,73 342,71 19,00 0,00 361,71 524, ,37 87,73 52,00 163,09 346,17 19,53 0,00 365,69 528, ,37 87,73 53,96 165,06 343,36 20,75 0,00 364,10 529, ,37 87,73 60,64 171,74 354,28 21,65 0,00 375,93 547,66

31 Tab. 15 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using electrical furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies ,07 90,36 64,18 178,60 363,00 22,60 0,00 385,61 564, ,07 90,36 64,06 178,49 362,78 22,84 0,00 385,62 564, ,07 90,36 64,64 179,07 371,23 22,55 0,00 393,78 572, ,07 90,36 69,32 183,74 372,05 21,16 0,00 393,21 576, ,07 90,36 70,32 184,75 361,90 20,68 0,00 382,59 567, ,07 90,36 68,49 182,91 354,98 20,79 0,00 375,77 558, ,07 90,36 66,35 180,77 351,62 21,06 0,00 372,67 553, ,07 90,36 64,72 179,15 343,40 21,01 0,00 364,42 543, ,07 90,36 74,59 189,02 343,43 21,29 0,00 364,73 553, ,07 90,36 74,30 188,73 345,36 22,37 0,00 367,74 556,

32 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 16 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTURI NG SYMPLE TRANSFORM ATION. Extra TRANSFORMATI ON IDT+ACTIVITIES

33 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 17 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTURI NG SYMPLE TRANSFOR MATION. Extra TRANSFORMATI ON IDT+ACTIVITIES

34 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 18 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTURI NG SYMPLE TRANSFORM ATION. Extra TRANSFORMA TION IDT+ACTIVITIE S

35 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 19 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activitie s MANUFACTURI NG SYMPLE TRANSFORM ATION. Extra TRANSFORMATI ON IDT+ACTIVITIES

36 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 20 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTUR ING SYMPLE TRANSFORMA TION. Extra TRANSFORMA TION IDT+ACTIVITIE S

37 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 21 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTURI NG commoditie s SYMPLE TRANSFORMA TION. Extra TRANSFORMATI ON IDT+ACTIVITIES

38 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 22 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activitie s MANUFACTURI NG Energies & commod ities SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMATION IDT+ACTIVITIES

39 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 23 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTURIN G SYMPLE TRANSFORMA TION. Extra TRANSFORMA TION IDT+ACTIVITIE S

40 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 24 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTURI NG commoditie s SYMPLE TRANSFORM ATION. Extra TRANSFORMATI ON IDT+ACTIVITIES ,46 589,15 887,61 481, ,13 32, , ,36 590,92 890,28 487, ,50 31, , ,54 593,25 893,79 492, ,85 30, , ,01 596,16 898,17 498, ,39 29, , ,31 596,74 899,05 524, ,42 29, , ,60 597,32 899,93 531, ,42 29, , ,49 599,07 902,56 531, ,62 29, , ,37 600,82 905,19 543, ,78 28, , ,37 600,82 905,19 548, ,82 27, , ,85 603,73 909,58 546, ,72 26, , ,85 603,73 909,58 551, ,17 26, , ,73 605,47 912,21 546, ,66 26, ,70

41 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 25 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTUR ING SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIES ,91 607,80 915,72 560, ,85 29, , ,09 610,13 919,22 567, ,16 28, , ,27 612,46 922,73 577, ,93 29, , ,75 615,37 927,12 585, ,08 28, , ,45 614,79 926,24 596, ,55 28, , ,04 615,95 928,00 613, ,40 29, , ,34 616,54 928,87 605, ,23 29, , ,81 619,45 933,26 608, ,28 28, , ,81 619,45 933,26 612, ,28 27, , ,81 619,45 933,26 609, ,87 27, , ,22 618,28 931,50 603, ,96 28, , ,11 620,03 934,14 599, ,32 27, ,75

42 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 26 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTUR ING SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIES ,70 621,19 935,89 595, ,72 31, , ,70 621,19 935,89 603, ,69 31, , ,28 622,34 937,62 604, ,96 29, , ,28 622,34 937,62 618, ,98 29, , ,28 622,34 937,62 616, ,90 29, , ,88 623,53 939,41 606, ,92 27, , ,18 624,12 940,30 601, ,65 26, , ,34 626,41 943,75 599, ,96 25, , ,18 624,12 940,30 596, ,11 26, , ,88 623,52 939,40 598, ,51 25, , ,99 621,78 936,77 593, ,36 26, , ,88 623,52 939,40 593, ,38 25, ,51

43 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 27 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTUR ING SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIES ,47 624,69 941,15 590, ,78 27, , ,17 624,10 940,28 598, ,97 28, , ,17 624,10 940,28 598, ,99 28, , ,76 625,27 942,03 598, ,09 28, , ,47 624,69 941,15 606, ,62 28, , ,76 625,27 942,03 606, ,33 27, , ,47 624,69 941,15 608, ,54 27, , ,06 625,85 942,91 605, ,30 27, , ,88 623,52 939,40 604, ,67 28, , ,17 624,10 940,28 602, ,38 28, , ,58 622,94 938,52 598, ,92 29, , ,58 622,94 938,52 589, ,35 27, ,02

44 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 28 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTUR ING SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIES ,11 620,03 934,14 593, ,19 27, , ,99 621,78 936,77 583, ,78 24, , ,58 622,94 938,52 584, ,02 24, , ,88 623,52 939,40 580, ,68 25, , ,17 624,10 940,28 575, ,56 25, , ,47 624,69 941,15 566, ,86 25, , ,17 624,10 940,28 561, ,27 26, , ,76 625,27 942,03 568, ,11 19, , ,58 622,94 938,52 565, ,55 20, , ,17 624,10 940,28 559, ,50 22, , ,58 622,94 938,52 556, ,58 22, , ,58 622,94 938,52 556, ,64 22, ,37

45 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 29 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTUR ING SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIES ,93 621,65 936,58 562, ,26 27, , ,30 620,40 934,70 544, ,45 25, , ,82 615,52 927,34 533, ,12 24, , ,82 615,52 927,34 528, ,34 24, , ,13 616,13 928,27 532, ,32 24, , ,76 617,37 930,13 521, ,59 23, , ,07 617,99 931,06 513, ,77 22, , ,70 619,22 932,92 523, ,61 23, , ,07 617,99 931,06 524, ,50 25, , ,07 617,99 931,06 528, ,84 27, , ,07 617,99 931,06 529, ,22 33, , ,01 619,84 933,85 547, ,52 32, ,34

46 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 30 of 60 Foundries using electrical furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTUR ING SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIES ,95 621,70 936,65 564, ,85 41, , ,20 624,17 940,37 564, ,47 41, , ,20 624,17 940,37 572, ,22 41, , ,14 626,02 943,17 576, ,11 52, , ,52 624,79 941,30 567, ,64 56, , ,20 624,17 940,37 558, ,04 59, , ,20 624,17 940,37 553, ,82 62, , ,46 626,64 944,10 543, ,66 61, , ,52 624,79 941,30 553, ,05 62, , ,89 623,55 939,44 556, ,91 62, ,

47 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 31 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

48 Tab. 32 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

49 Tab. 33 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

50 Tab. 34 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

51 Tab. 35 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

52 Tab. 36 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

53 Tab. 37 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

54 Tab. 38 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphi te FeSiMg FeSi75 commoditie s El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies

55 Tab. 39 of 60 Components of the Value of Transformation Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies ,90 88,04 83,04 192,98 140,67 14,33 238,11 393,10 586, ,90 88,04 80,45 190,38 144,91 14,54 278,86 438,31 628, ,90 88,04 78,93 188,87 148,00 14,87 278,86 441,73 630, ,90 88,04 78,36 188,30 151,25 15,23 294,88 461,36 649, ,90 88,04 76,41 186,35 166,02 15,56 294,88 476,46 662, ,90 88,04 72,69 182,63 171,59 15,81 294,88 482,29 664, ,90 88,04 69,26 179,20 172,95 16,07 294,88 483,90 663, ,90 88,04 69,26 179,20 179,34 16,41 294,88 490,63 669, ,90 88,04 67,66 177,59 182,64 16,67 294,88 494,20 671, ,90 88,04 65,58 175,52 182,10 16,99 294,88 493,98 669, ,90 88,04 64,12 174,06 185,48 17,32 288,47 491,28 665, ,90 88,04 60,83 170,77 184,15 17,66 288,47 490,28 661,06

56 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 40 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies ,09 93,32 60,98 178,39 187,11 17,95 285,27 490,33 668, ,09 93,32 61,96 179,37 190,46 18,27 285,27 494,00 673, ,09 93,32 66,27 183,67 192,85 18,55 285,27 496,66 680, ,09 93,32 67,55 184,96 196,64 18,77 285,27 500,68 685, ,09 93,32 66,24 183,65 202,75 18,93 276,57 498,24 681, ,09 93,32 61,91 179,32 214,09 19,10 276,57 509,76 689, ,09 93,32 58,93 176,34 211,33 19,14 276,57 507,03 683, ,09 93,32 58,82 176,23 212,73 19,23 276,57 508,52 684, ,09 93,32 59,47 176,87 214,28 19,48 269,70 503,46 680, ,09 93,32 60,34 177,75 212,33 19,66 269,70 501,69 679, ,09 93,32 59,30 176,70 209,47 19,77 262,37 491,62 668, ,09 93,32 59,09 176,50 207,27 19,79 262,37 489,43 665,93

57 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 41 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphi te FeSiMg FeSi75 commoditie s El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies commoditi es ,09 90,44 59,30 173,82 206,95 19,74 262,37 489,07 662, ,09 90,44 60,91 175,43 210,44 19,68 262,37 492,49 667, ,09 90,44 62,35 176,88 210,01 19,62 262,37 492,00 668, ,09 90,44 63,66 178,19 217,02 19,43 262,37 498,83 677, ,09 90,44 61,98 176,51 217,02 19,22 262,37 498,61 675, ,09 90,44 59,62 174,14 213,19 19,08 262,37 494,64 668, ,09 90,44 57,69 172,22 211,47 19,05 262,37 492,90 665, ,09 90,44 56,95 171,48 210,81 18,97 262,37 492,15 663, ,09 90,44 57,57 172,10 209,37 18,78 262,37 490,52 662, ,09 90,44 58,82 173,35 209,57 18,61 262,37 490,55 663, ,09 90,44 59,80 174,33 206,74 18,49 262,37 487,60 661, ,09 90,44 60,26 174,78 206,78 18,40 262,37 487,56 662,35

58 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 42 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphi te FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies commoditi es ,37 87,73 60,43 171,52 206,77 18,37 248,41 473,55 645, ,37 87,73 60,83 171,92 210,99 18,27 245,43 474,69 646, ,37 87,73 61,79 172,88 210,61 18,15 245,43 474,19 647, ,37 87,73 62,04 173,13 210,19 18,08 245,43 473,70 646, ,37 87,73 61,69 172,78 214,90 18,08 245,43 478,41 651, ,37 87,73 61,23 172,32 215,06 18,08 243,37 476,50 648, ,37 87,73 62,48 173,57 215,49 18,10 243,37 476,96 650, ,37 87,73 62,30 173,39 214,03 18,05 243,37 475,44 648, ,37 87,73 63,24 174,33 213,00 17,96 243,37 474,33 648, ,37 87,73 62,27 173,36 212,45 17,87 243,37 473,69 647, ,37 87,73 64,44 175,53 209,45 17,71 243,37 470,54 646, ,37 87,73 65,45 176,54 204,55 17,47 243,37 465,39 641,93

59 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 43 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphi te FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies commoditi es ,37 87,73 66,09 177,18 206,39 17,02 243,37 466,78 643, ,37 87,73 66,82 177,91 201,13 16,49 243,37 460,99 638, ,37 87,73 65,83 176,93 202,91 16,03 243,37 462,32 639, ,37 87,73 66,00 177,09 200,97 15,62 243,37 459,97 637, ,37 87,73 66,65 177,74 198,31 15,25 243,37 456,94 634, ,37 87,73 65,44 176,53 194,69 14,91 243,37 452,98 629, ,37 87,73 64,18 175,27 193,24 14,51 243,37 451,12 626, ,37 87,73 63,11 174,20 197,53 14,07 243,37 454,97 629, ,37 87,73 61,64 172,73 197,24 13,52 243,37 454,12 626, ,37 87,73 57,17 168,26 197,09 12,95 243,37 453,41 621, ,37 87,73 51,86 162,95 198,70 12,49 236,50 447,69 610, ,37 87,73 49,17 160,26 200,57 12,10 236,50 449,17 609,43

60 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 44 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphi te FeSiMg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies commoditi es ,37 87,73 49,17 160,26 202,26 13,93 236,50 452,69 612, ,37 87,73 48,75 159,84 194,03 12,75 231,92 438,70 598, ,37 87,73 48,62 159,71 190,15 10,82 231,92 432,89 592, ,37 87,73 50,15 161,24 186,67 10,37 231,92 428,96 590, ,37 87,73 51,33 162,42 188,20 10,39 231,92 430,51 592, ,37 87,73 50,97 162,06 183,26 9,82 229,63 422,72 584, ,37 87,73 50,79 161,88 178,73 10,28 229,63 418,65 580, ,37 87,73 50,79 161,88 184,12 10,25 229,63 424,01 585, ,37 87,73 51,64 162,73 184,15 10,18 229,63 423,96 586, ,37 87,73 52,00 163,09 186,01 10,46 229,63 426,10 589, ,37 87,73 53,96 165,06 184,50 11,11 258,48 454,09 619, ,37 87,73 60,64 171,74 190,37 11,60 258,48 460,44 632,18

61 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 45 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces Graphite FeSi Mg FeSi75 El. power Natural Gas Coke Energies commoditi es ,07 90,36 64,18 178,60 195,05 12,10 280,46 487,62 666, ,07 90,36 64,06 178,49 194,93 12,23 280,46 487,63 666, ,07 90,36 64,64 179,07 199,47 12,08 280,46 492,01 671, ,07 90,36 69,32 183,74 199,91 11,33 280,46 491,71 675, ,07 90,36 70,32 184,75 194,46 11,08 280,46 486,00 670, ,07 90,36 68,49 182,91 190,74 11,13 268,33 470,20 653, ,07 90,36 66,35 180,77 188,94 11,28 268,33 468,54 649, ,07 90,36 64,72 179,15 184,52 11,25 268,33 464,10 643, ,07 90,36 74,59 189,02 184,54 11,41 262,15 458,09 647, ,07 90,36 74,30 188,73 185,58 11,98 262,15 459,70 648,

62 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 46 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces general Inflation Activiti es MANUFACTURI NG commoditie s SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMATION IDT+ACTIVITIES

63 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 47 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTURI NG commoditie s SYMPLE TRANSFORMAT ION. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIE S

64 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 48 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces general Inflation Activities MANUFACTURI NG commoditie s SYMPLE TRANSFOR MATION. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIES

65 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 49 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces general Inflation Activiti es MANUFACTUR ING commoditi es SYMPLE TRANSFOR MATION. Extra TRANSFORMATION IDT+ACTIVITIES

66 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 50 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces general Inflation Activitie s MANUFACT URING Energies & commodi ties SYMPLE TRANSFORMATI ON. Extra TRANSFORMATION IDT+ACTIVITIES

67 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 51 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces general Inflation Activiti es MANUFACTURI NG commoditi es SYMPLE TRANSFO RMATION. Extra TRANSFORMATIO N IDT+ACTIVITIES

68 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 52 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces general Inflation Activitie s MANUFACTURI NG SYMPLE TRANSFORMATI ON. Extra TRANSFORMATI ON IDT+ACTIVITIES

69 Components of the Value of Transformation Tab. 53 of 60 Foundries using cupola furnaces general Inflation Activiti es MANUFACTURI NG SYMPLE TRANSFORMATI ON. Extra TRANSFORMAT ION IDT+ACTIVITIES