Urban Waters in Africa

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Norah May
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1 Urban Waters in Africa Towards Urban Water Security and Sustainable Development Integated Urban Water Management Approach Francois Brikké GWP

2 An on going Partnership Working together since 2015 Overall approach Financial and Technical Partnership Kinshasa, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Mozambique, Seychelles

3 Linear systems-- collect, redirected treat and discharge Systems with fixed, centralized designs Treat stormwater as waste and place treatment plants far from households Institutional landscape not conducive for holistic approach Regulations stall innovation, are inflexible - Urban form created with little input from water professionals

4 Slum population in urban Africa Source: World Bank, 2012

5 A key challenge for urban water and sanitation is serving the unserved Information, Infrastructure and Institutional Challenges

6 Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) Too good an opportunity to miss

9 Groundwater Surface water Stormwater Desalination Cascading water use Leakage management Desalination Black water Grey water Demand management

10 New GW Typical solutions - import more water to meet growing needs (Nairobi) Unit costs of US$ 0.36/m3 Demand (2010) Demand (2035) New SW-2 Existing New SW-1 637X10 3 m 3 /d deficit

11 New GW Demand Mgt. Rainwater harvesting(cluster) Greywater (Cluster) Need to consider non-conventional resources a portfolio of options Unit costs of US$ 0.31/m3 (cf. to 0.36) Demand (2010) Demand (2035) Leakage Mgt. New SW-1 637X10 3 m 3 /d deficit

12 River Water for Irrigation Reservoir Lake Bank Filtration $/m 3 (cf $/m 3 ) Ecohydrology Dam River River Bank Filtration $0.067/m3 (cf 0.28/m3) (0.17 $/m3) Primary Treatment and/or Constructed Wetlands Stabilization Ponds Soil Aquifer Treatment Artificial Recharge Recovery Low Energy Water Efficient Closed Loop

13 Changing our perspective creates opportunity to do things differently Productive Use Quality A Quality B Quality C

14 Outskirts Demand met by informal systems City Core Formalised water & waste system Growth Expansion of existing system to growing areas Distributed & Decentralized

15 Semi-centralized is cheaper? (Uganda) Average Annual Costs 5,148,000 US$ Average Annual Costs 3,787,000 US$

17 Changing our perspective creates opportunity to do things differently RRR Energy: electric (microturbines) Nutrients: P & N Energy: Biogas, bioelec, biofuels, MFC Nutrients: P & N Energy: Heat, electric (microturbines)

18 anitation Lagging Behind Beneficiation Public health Wastewater as a burden Wastewater as a resource? Look for the opportunities that water can bring -Beneficiation where water drives the green economy.

19 Waste streams Resource Reuse Wastewater Reuse Water (irrigation, aquaculture, AR) Faecal Sludge Nutrients (fertilizer, soil conditioner) Urine Energy Solid Waste Agro waste Source : IWMI Agriculture Aquaculture Aquifer recharge, water Landscaping/horticulture Energy: Electricity Energy: Fuel

20 The 5X multiplier effect improved water quality IMPROVED SANITATION HAS ROI OF MORE THAN 5X FOR EVERY $ INVESTED increased food security poverty reduction job creation

21 Distributed PPP, Inertia

23 Main challenges are political and institutional Political & Institutional Barriers Path to Implementation Need collaboration, cooperation, clear roles and coordination between institutions

24 We need to break down barriers Documentation & monitoring Stakeholder analysis Strategy development Rapid assessment Scenario building Visioning

25 IUWM in practice creating change External consultants Apprasial Activity Development of IUWM Masterplan Technical Assistance Development of investment plan Stakeholders mapping Development of TOR for IUWM Master Plan Training, capacity building, backstopping support to IA Stakeholder engagement From Vision to... Action

26 For an innovative approach in urban water management in Affrica Thank You

SIWI World Water Week Thursday 1 September 2017

SIWI World Water Week Thursday 1 September 2017 We Need Champions of Change The new thinking of urban water management calls for a new generation of urban leaders with radically different thinking to deliver