Environmental Chemistry Section 2.1 Name: Pgs. 213 to Define the following: a. Ozone Layer. b. Monitoring. c. Invertebrates

Transcription

1 Environmental Chemistry Section 2.1 Name: Pgs. 213 to Define the following: a. Ozone Layer b. Monitoring c. Invertebrates d. Parts per million e. Spring Acid Shock f. Toxic g. Toxicity h. LD50 i. Heavy metals 2. Governments set water quality guidelines for five categories of water use. What are these categories?

2 3. List four different groups of invertebrates that can be found in freshwater systems. 4. Identify five chemicals that are regularly monitored in aquatic systems. 5. What effect does spring acid shock have on aquatic organisms? 6. Identify an invertebrate family that would probably be among the first to die if the ph of its habitat decreased. 7. A student puts 0.03mL of food coloring into water to make 1000mL of solution. What is the concentration in parts per million? 8. Fill in the following table: Solute (ml) Volume (ml) Concentration (ppm)

3 9. Look at the table below. In which location (A or B) will the water support the greatest diversity of organisms. Hint see page 217. Characteristic Sample A Sample B Dissolved Oxygen ph Phosphorus High Low 10. What does the following statement mean: The LD50 of table salt is 300mg/kg for rats. 11. What happens when a high concentration of phosphorus enters a water system? 12. If high levels of mercury were found in your community, list 3 recommendations that you would make to the government to deal with this issue.

4 Section 1.2 (pgs 225 to 228) 1. Define the following a. Sulfur dioxide b. Nitrogen oxides c. Carbon monoxide d. Ozone 2. Scrubbers use a chemical reaction to remove a major pollutant from the air. a. What pollutant is removed? b. What are the products of the chemical reaction? 3. Why is carbon monoxide harmful to animals? 4. Ozone can be both helpful and harmful. Explain this statement. 5. Using the graph on page 228, answer the following question. a. Which process has contributed to a reduction in total sulfur dioxide emissions in Alberta since the early 1970s? Suggest a reason for this.

5 Section 2.3 (pgs 229 to 233) 1. Define the following: a. Greenhouse gases b. Enhanced greenhouse effect c. Global warming 2. List 4 greenhouse gases. 3. International panels have been set up to study global warming and climate change. Describe three outcomes of global warming that are of concern. 4. What factor has contributed to the thinning of the ozone layer? a. What is happening as a result of this thinning? 5. What are countries doing to protect the ozone layer? 6. What trend has been observed in carbon dioxide levels over the past century? Describe two suggested causes of this trend.

6 7. In which months would you expect the carbon dioxide levels to be lowest in Alberta? Explain why you chose those months. Review 1. What do the presence of fish and a wide diversity of invertebrates in a river indicate? 2. List 6 heavy metals that can be taken up by plants. a. Why are they considered pollutants? 3. The table below shows monitoring data from two water systems. Characteristic Sample A Sample B ph Dissolved Oxygen Phosphorus Low High Nitrogen Low High Mayflies Present Absent Which statement below is correct? a) Sample A indicates good water quality for aquatic life because there are low concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen. b) Sample A indicates poor water quality for aquatic life because there are many mayflies. c) Sample B indicates good water quality because there are high concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen. d) Sample B indicates good water quality because the ph is basic and mayflies are absent.

7 4. You have an air sample that has 0.02mL of carbon dioxide in 1000mL of air. What is the concentration of the carbon dioxide in parts per million? 5. Describe two situations that reduce the dissolved oxygen content of water. 6. Match the words/phrases in column A with the descriptions in column B. A B a. LD 50 chemical used to kill insects b. Neutralize to bring closer to ph 7 c. Insecticide sudden lowering of ph d. Scrubber measures toxicity e. Spring acid shock removes SO2(g) 7. Explain how the enhanced greenhouse effect may cause global warming. 8. Explain how the invention of the motor vehicle has been both beneficial and harmful.

8 9. Spring acid shock is an unintended consequence of technology use. Suggest ways that technology could be used to reduce or eliminate this problem. 10. Explain why people are concerned about the rise in carbon dioxide levels over the past century.