Renewable Resources. CAES Energy Efficiency Research Institute Boise State University

Transcription

1 Renewable Resources Hydroelectric Power CAES Energy Efficiency Research Institute Boise State University

2 What are some energy sources that we know exist? Nuclear Coal Natural Gas Biomass Geothermal Hydro (water) Solar (Sun) Wind

3 What separates the energy sources on the left from the ones on the right? Coal Natural Gas Petroleum Geothermal Hydro (water) Solar (Sun) Wind Nuclear

4 Renewable: Energy resources that are naturally replenishing but flow-limited. They are virtually inexhaustible in duration but limited in the amount of energy that is available per unit of time. Renewable energy resources include biomass, hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, ocean thermal, wave action, and tidal action. Non-Renewable: Fuels that cannot be easily made or "renewed," such as oil, natural gas, and coal.

5 Why do we need these energy resources?

6 Is there a best energy source? Why do you think one may be the best? Or, if we can not decide which is best, why can t we?

7 In the early part of the century hydroelectric plants supplied a bit less than one-half of the nation's power, but the number is down to about 10 percent today. The trend for the future will probably be to build small-scale hydro plants that can generate electricity for a single community. -USGS

8 China is the largest producer of hydroelectricity, followed by Canada, Brazil, and the United States. (eia.gov) So What?

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10 Today s use and future use of Hydroelectric power in Idaho

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13 Does anybody know where this is?

14 Hoover Dam Pictures

15 How does this produce electricity?

16 Pinwheel Under Water This can be conducted at any point where the teacher deems it appropriate. used at the very beginning as a kind of hook. use it at the end, and then ask the students and compare it to a Hydro dam.

17 Turbin-ator Supplies NREL REACT Hydromill Turbinator instructions 2L clear, plastic bottle Scissors Tape Wooden dowel String (for lifting) Objects of varying masses (for lifting) Bath fish (0.5oz) Bath duck (1.5oz)

18 Cut a hole in the bottom of the bottle. Um sure The NREL instructions do not include this step. How convenient Scissors won t cut it (haha)

19 Cut a hole in the bottom of the bottle. Um sure Neither will an exact-o knife

20 Cut a hole in the bottom of the bottle. Um sure Neither will hammering a sharp object

21 Cut a hole in the bottom of the bottle. Um sure Neither will a drill with a standard, 1/8 drill bit

22 Cut a hole in the bottom of the bottle. Um sure Perhaps from a different angle?

23 Accept defeat and wait for help

24 Cut a hole in the bottom of the bottle Finally! Really long, ¼ drill bit + man muscles = success!

25 Cut a hole in the bottom of the bottle Finally! Wiggle it around to get hole big enough for ½ dowel (actually measured 3/8 )

26 Enjoying the victory

27 Measure blade location Use dressmakers tape measure (or string with marked distances)

28 Measure blade location Wrap around bottle and secure

29 Mark blade location Can do any size, number, or spacing desired.

30 How do I know how many blades and what spacing? Think of a Dutch or American windmill large blades, lots of them (simplistic version) for grinding grain or PUMPING WATER

31 Mark blade location Draw straight line across bottle

32 Mark blade location Do this all the way around the bottle. Good math exercise to ensure equal spacing.

33 Cut blades (carefully!) I found it easiest to do short, sawing motion with exact-o knife until it poked through the plastic, then it slid easily

34 Fold blades out Have students hypothesize (and experiment with) the effect of pitch (the angle between the blade and the bottle)

35 Final set-up Insert dowel and place in water-safe zone Experiment with water flow rate and water elevation Use funnel (or other device) to keep water flow-rate steady

36 Final set-up Bath fish = 0.5oz Bath duck = 1.5oz Experiment with lifting different objects Increasing water flow rate Increasing water source elevation

37 Videos Hydro Elevation Video Hydro Lift Video

38 Based on what you created what is the role of the turbine in generating electricity?

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40 Hydro Dam Tour

41 What is the main energy transfer that Hydroelectric power relies on in order to generate electricity? a. Potential Energy to Kinetic Energy b. Chemical Energy to Kinetic Energy c. Heat Energy(as in steam) to Electrical Energy

42 Now that you essentially have built your own Hydro dam imagine putting that in a river. What would that do to a river and the inhabitants of a river or the surrounding areas?

43 What does Hydro Power have to do with the water cycle?

44 BioHazards

45 How do fish ladders work? +

46 Different types of Fish Ladders pool-weir fishway Denil fishways vertical slot fishway Steeppass fishways natural bypass

47 Cons of Hydroelectricity Demand for electricity is not "flat" and constant. Demand goes up and down annually (daily too but that is later). When might demand for energy resources decrease in an area like Idaho?

48 What have we done to fix this problem?

49 Spillways

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51 Other unseen effects of Renewable Resources How do we make the materials to build the dam? -concrete and steel Will the cost outweigh the benefits and vice versa?*

52 Emissions? Greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide and methane, may also form in reservoirs and be emitted to the atmosphere. The exact amount of greenhouse gases produced from hydropower plant reservoirs is uncertain.

53 So s5 China is the largest producer of hydroelectricity, followed by Canada, Brazil, and the United States (eia.gov) So What?

54 Slide 53 s5 Repeat slide. This slide was also in the beginning of your presentation. sandycardon, 2/22/2013

55 How else can the Hydroelectric topic be used in the classroom? River Ecology Physics: Motors, Rotors, Magnets etc. Collaboration with a History teacher Any Other Ideas?