Country Report : Thailand Implementation of Codex Standards at National Level

Transcription

1 Country Report : Thailand Implementation of Codex Standards at National Level Pisan Pongsapitch Director, Office of Standard Development National Bureau Of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards ( A CFS), Thailand FAO Workshop on Implementing Codex, 19 September 2012, visiting ACFS, Thailand

2 Road Map of Food safety Food safety standards I II III IV V Import Farm Food Produce/ Market RM+Input level Manufacturing (Domestic/ level Product Export) - Registration & Inspection of pesticide, fertilizer vet drug, other chemicals - Border control of RM, foods, feeds, animal GAP Implementation & Certification GMP/HACCP Implementation & Certification Traceability - Product Registration /Certification & Issue of Q Mark - Product Inspection before export -Product monitoring - Control hygiene of market/retailer - Consumer communication & Control advertising -Inspect & Certify product for export - SPS/Trade negotiation

3 National Policy on Food Safety Single standard for both domestic consumption and export Development/Improvement through Standardization /Legal control - Standard harmonization Agricultural extension / Food education Traceability system

4 National Agencies in charge of Food control Ministry of Agriculture - Production based Ministry of Health - Health based Food production, mainly primary production (safety + quality) Food trade, mainly export Food security Consumer protection (safety + quality) Some parts of food production related to consumer protection Food import Domestic market including food service

5 Health : Food Act 1979 Regulated by Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food establishments registration Establish regulations on specific foods Control of food sold domestically / Imported foods Control of food labelling + food advertising * All mandatory

6 Agricultural standards Act 2008 New Act Effective August 2008 Establish single standard aiming for the safety and quality of agricultural commodity and applied equally to producer, exporter & importer of agricultural commodities Also applied to certification bodies (CB) who inspect / certify upon agricultural standards with the aim to strengthening the capacity and reliability of private CB Thai Agricultural Standard; TAS

7 STANDARDS FOR FOOD CHAIN Farm GAP Organic Industry GMP HACCP Product (Export) Product (Domesti c) Product standard (Safety & Quality) Hygiene of food service

8 MOAC : Roles on Food Safety Standardization Activities Plants Livestocks Fisheries Standard setting ACFS Agri. Extension/ Std. Implementation DOAE, CPD DLD DOF Inspection & Certification DOA, RD DLD DOF Accreditation ACFS Communication & Education All

9 Standard Setting ACFS Focal Points (Codex, OIE, IPPC) 8 Steps Standard Setting - Farmers - Processors - Scientists - Consumers National Standards Commodity Std. Production Std. General Std. Products Consumers

10 ACFS : National standard setting 1. Prioritization of a standard 2. Establishment of Technical Committee - all stakeholders including * scientists, experts * government officers, * farmers * private sectors 3. Standard drafting

11 ACFS : National standard setting 4. Draft standard considered by the Technical Committee 5. Public hearing / Requesting comments from all stakeholders 6. Draft standard approved by the National Committee on Agricultural Standards 7. WTO Notification (for mandatory standard) 8. Standard Approval and Notified in the Royal Gazette * Standard review and possibly revised every 5 y

12 12 19/09/55

13 Q Mark: Certification Mark for Qualified Systems or Products

14 From International to National Standards

15 Alignment of National Standards to Codex Standards Adopting Adapting

16 ISO/IEC Guide 21-2:2005 ISO/IEC Guide 21-2:2005 : Regional or national adoption of International Standards and other International Deliverables Adopting international standard Identical Modification Not equivalent

17 Identical The regional or national standards is identical to the International Standard under the following conditions: a) the regional or national standard is identical in technical content, structure and wording b) the regional or national standards is identical in technical content and structure, although it may contain the following minimal editorial changes:

18 Modified Technical deviation Structure deviations clearly identified and explain easy identified Contain less Contain more Contain some differing requirements Etc.

19 Not equivalent Not equivalent = Not adoption (Adapting) Technical deviation Structure deviation not clearly identified

20 Example of Adoption of Codex Standards Codex RCP 1 (GMP)/HACCP TAS : CODE OF PRACTICE : GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF FOOD HYGIENE TAS : HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEM AND GUIDELINES FOR ITS APPLICATION Codex Principles and Guideline for the Conduct of Microbiological Risk Assessment TAS PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR THE CONDUCT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT Identical adoption

21 Example of Adapting of Codex Standards Codex Guideline for Organic TAS : Organic Agriculture Part 1 : Guideline for the Production, Processing, labelling and sale of the Produce and Product from Organic Agriculture Adapting from Codex Standard with some inputs from IFOAM standard and national practices

22 Other Type of Adoption of Codex Standards Codex MRL/EMRL for Pesticides TAS : Pesticide Residues: Extraneous Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) TAS : Pesticide Residues: Maximum Residue Limits (EMRL) * Identical, Modify & Not equivalent

23 The Establishment of Thai MRLs

24 MRL Establishment TAS : 12 pesticides 214 MRLs TAS : replaced TAS Total 36 pesticides 652 MRLs TAS : replaced TAS Total 40 pesticides 690 MRLs TAS : Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (EMRL) 5 pesticides 79 EMRLs

25 Establishment of Thai MRL Codex/JMPR ADI/ARfD Agricultural Std Committee Exposure assessment ACFS Approved label = GAP Data i.e. Codex MRLs Supervised Trial, other countries national MRLs MRL - Recommendation MRL Adoption

26 Principle/Process of MRL Establishment Set MRL for all commodities which the pesticide is allowed to be used Reference is made to Codex/ASEAN MRLs, where available In case of no Codex/ASEAN MRL, the following data are used : Supervised residue trial data Other national MRLs e.g. EU, USA, Japan, Australia Other Codex/ASEAN/National MRLs on related commodities Other related and available data e.g. monitoring data

27 Reference for MRL establishment 43% based on national and other data 57% based on Codex MRL Codex Others

28 MRL/EMRL Classified by Commodity Groups Cereals, Pulse, Oilseed, 18% Other crops/produce, 12% Meat, Fat & Edible offal, 16% Eggs & Milk, 7% Fruits, 15% Vegetables, 32%

29 MRL/EMRL Classified by Pesticide Groups Fungicides, 103 Herbicides, 45 Other Pesticides, 45 Insecticides / Acaricides, 608

30 Agricultural commodities comply to the Standards on MRL/EMRL if 1. Pesticides have been used according to national GAP 2. Residue found not higher than MRLs/EMRLs identified in TAS 9002 or TAS No residue of banned pesticides (according to Hazardous Substance Act) is detectable ( e.g. monocrotophos, methamidophos, mevinphos, endosulfan, parathion-methyl, phorate) * Codex MRLs are used to determine compliance in case other than 2 and 3

31 Risk Assessment of the Proposed MRLs All proposed MRLs must ensure safety to consumer by apply appropriate risk assessment using Codex technique Calculating of residue intake by Thai people assuming that all food consumed contain residue at MRL (worst case) Consumption data for Thai people (ACFS, 2006) was used in the intake calculation Both chronic and acute intake were included in the calculation All MRLs/EMRLs have to pass the assessment that provide sufficient safety to consumer before they can be submitted for adoption as national MRLs

32 National Consumption Data of Thailand National Consumption Survey Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University 530 Food items National consumption data Published by ACFS

33 Development of Electronic Database The structure of database from food items to raw material Food factor Ingredient factor RM Thai noodle Rice flour Rice grain Food ingredient raw material

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47 Thank you