Status of Biosafety of GMOs in South East Asia

Transcription

1 Status of Biosafety of GMOs in South East Asia Ginna G. Geal Consultant, FAO project on Updating Status of Biotechnology in Developing Countries(FAOBioDec) and adjunct professor, Development Communication program, Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. Abstract The article presents the status of biosafety regulatory policies and measures of the different South East Asian countries, namely : Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timore Leste, and Vietnam. These countries differ considerably in formulating and implementing regulatory procedures for biosafety of GMOs. Biosafety regulations are covered by different ministries of departments using guidelines considered as soft laws in combination with existing laws. Labeling is mandatory only in Indonesia but not in other South East Asian countries. Data on public perception towards GMOs among these countries is limited and that public perception in the decision making process is still at a minimum. Introduction 40 Vol.6_No.04

2 Status of Biosafety Regulations and Legislation Policies BIOSAFETY 41

3 Table 1 Status of ratification and entry into force of CPB in South East Asia. Country Signature Ratification Ratification Brunei Darusalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam 24 May May May May September December August May November January December March November December February April Vol.6_No.04

4 Cambodia BIOSAFETY 43

5 Indonesia Lao PDR 44 Vol.6_No.04

6 Malaysia BIOSAFETY 45

7 Myanmar 46 Vol.6_No.04

8 Philippines BIOSAFETY 47

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10 Singapore BIOSAFETY 49

11 Thailand Vietnam 50 Vol.6_No.04

12 Table 2 Regulatory systems for Biosafety of GMOs in Southeast Asia. Country Brunei Cambodia Lao PDR Indonesia Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Regulatory System In the process of developing biosafety regulations Has a draft biosafety law Has a draft national policy Guidelines for genetic engineering research 1993;Four ministerial decree, 1999 Draft of presidential decree under preparation Biosafety bill is awaiting enactment by the parliament In the process of developing biosafety guidelines EO 430 NCBP guidelines for GM greenhouse experiments DA-AO 08 S regulation on the import, field testing and propagation of GM plants and plant products Singapore Guidelines on the release of agriculture related GMOs Biosafety guidelines in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for Laboratory Work Biotechnology guidelines in Genetic Engineering and Biotehcnology for Field Work and Planned Release Has a draft national policy Approval Status of GMOs BIOSAFETY 51

13 Table 3 Transformation events in corn approved for commercialization. Transformation Event Signature Signature Signature MON 810 Resistance to corn borer Cry 1 A(B) gene from Bacillus thuringienses Monsanto Dec 2, 2002 NK 603 Glyphosate tolerance imparted by the CP4EPSPS Monsanto Feb 8, 2005 Bt 11 Insect protected, herbicide tolerance Bt tolerance from Bacillus thuriengensis and PAT protein from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Syngenta Apr 14, Vol.6_No.04

14 BIOSAFETY 53

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16 Status of GMO Labeling BIOSAFETY 55

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18 Public Perception BIOSAFETY 57

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20 Summary / Conclusion BIOSAFETY 59

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22 References BIOSAFETY 61

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