Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Pesticides

Transcription

1 Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Pesticides Randy Segawa February 2011

2 Agenda Background Method to estimate pesticide VOC emissions Emission trends 2

3 Background Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) react with sunlight to form ozone As required by Clean Air Act, the state implementation plan (SIP) describes measures to reduce VOCs and NOx to achieve ozone standard SIP requires DPR to Develop and maintain an emission inventory to track pesticide VOC emissions from agricultural and structural use Reduce pesticide emissions by specified amounts during May-Oct peak ozone season in 5 nonattainment areas 3

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5 Method for estimating pesticide VOCs VOC emission from a pesticide product is calculated by multiplying: Amount of product applied (from pesticide use reports) VOC fraction in product (emission potential, EP) Fumigants are adjusted by an additional factor to account for emissions under field conditions Emission rating varies with fumigant and application method 5

6 Key VOC information from pesticide use reports Product applied Amount applied Date applied Location Application method (fumigants) 6

7 3 methods for estimating VOC content (emission potential) Lab test (thermogravimetric analysis, TGA) of product is current best method Evaluate confidential statement of formula Default value 7

8 Emissions under field conditions fumigant emission ratings Emissions vary with fumigant and fumigation method Emissions range from 9 to 100% of the amount applied (emission rating or application method adjustment factor) Fumigations with water treatments, tarps, or drip chemigation generally have lower emissions Water treatment Tarping Drip 8

9 Pesticide VOC emission trends Most pesticide VOC emissions from Fumigants Inert ingredients in emulsifiable concentrate products Four nonattainment areas should consistently achieve SIP goals Sacramento Metro South Coast Southeast Desert Ventura San Joaquin Valley does not always achieve SIP goal 9

10 Pesticide VOC emission inventory (May-Oct) 2.5 Sacramento Metro 1.2 Southeast Desert VOC emissions (tons/day) South Coast Ventura Fumigant Non-fumigant SIP goal

11 Pesticide VOC emission inventory for San Joaquin Valley (May-Oct) VOC Emissions (tons/day) SIP goal Fumigant Non-fumigant 11

12 Some emission changes due to fumigant regulations Reductions beginning in 2008 primarily due to fumigant regulations Fumigant regulations implemented in 2008 require Low-emission fumigation methods Fumigant allowances in Ventura Possible fumigant allowances program in other areas 12

13 Change in fumigant emissions and use, (May-Oct) Nonattainment Area San Joaquin Valley Southeast Desert Decrease in VOC Emissions (%) Decrease in Amt Applied (%) Decrease Due to Low-Emission Methods (%)* Ventura * Some of the decrease may be due to changes in the procedure for determining the frequency each fumigation method is used. 13

14 Greatest emission changes in San Joaquin Valley (May-Oct) 200,000 VOC emissions (lbs) 0-200, , ,000 1,3-D Chlorpyrifos Methyl bromide Fenpyroximate Glufosinate Glyphosate 14

15 Chlorpyrifos use and product emissions, (May-Oct) 1,000, Amount (lbs) 750, , ,000 25% decrease 40% decrease Amount (tons/day) 0 Active ingredient VOC emissions

16 Changes due to new chlorpyrifos product Product EP (%) Product Use May-Oct (lbs) Nufos 4E , ,975 Lorsban 4E , ,032 Govern 4E , ,313 Lorsban 4E-HF , ,953 Lock-On , ,505 Lorsban Advanced , ,662 16

17 Key points Pesticide VOCs contribute to formation of ozone Pesticide emission inventory based on reported use, VOC content, and field emissions of fumigants Most pesticide VOC emissions from fumigants and emulsifiable concentrates Fumigant regulations, low-voc chlorpyrifos product, and reduced use have caused VOC reductions 17

18 Additional information For more information Click on Air under Quick Finder Link to Volatile Organic Compounds Randy Segawa, Environmental Program Manager Air Program California Department of Pesticide Regulation