Performance of Handloom Industry in Anantapur District

Transcription

1 Performance of Handloom Industry in Anantapur District

2 Anantapur district was formed in the year 1882 having been separated from Bellary district. Later on, it was expanded with the addition of Revenue mandals of Kadiri, Mudigubba, Nallamada, N.P.Kunta, Talupula, Nallacheruvu, O.D. Cheruvu Tanakal, Amadagur and Gandlapenta (previous Kaditi taluq) from kadapa district in the year During the year 1956, the present Revenue mandal of Rayadurg, D.Hirehal, Kanekal, Bommanahal and Gummagatta of Bellary district were added to Anantapur district. The District has been divided into 3 Revenue Divisions consisting of 63 Revenue mandals out of which Anantapur revenue division consist 20 mandals, Dharmavaram revenue division consists 17 mandals and Penukonda revenue division consists 26 mandals1. Area, Boundaries and Topography The total geographical area of the district is Sq.Kms and Anantapur district is biggest district in the state. The district lies between Northern Latitude and and Eastern Longitude. It is bounded by Bellary, Kurnool Districts on North, kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh and Kolar District of Karnataka state on South East and North respectively. The district is roughly oblong in shape, the longer side running north to South with a portion of Chitradurg district of Karnataka State intruding into it from west between Kundurpi and Amarapuram Mandals. The district is divided into 3 natural divisions. They are 1) Northern mandals of Rayadurg, Kanekal, Beluguppa, Gooty, Guntakal, Vajrakarur, Vidapanakal, Yadiki, 158

3 Tadipatri, Putlur and Yellanur containing larger areas of Black Cotton soils. 2) Kalyandurg,Kambadur,Settur,Bramhasamudram, Ramagiri, Kanaganapalli, C.K.Palli, Dharmavaram, Bathalapalli Tadimarri, Mudigubba, Anantapur,Kudair, Pamidi and Pedda vaduguru in the center which are mainly made up of arid Treeless, expense of poor Red Soils2. 3) High level land of Penukonda, Roddam, Somandepalli, Hindupur, Lepakshi, Chilamathur, Madakasira, Rolla, Gudibanda and Agali which connects with Mysore plateau at higher elevation of the rest of the district. This part has average sandy red soils of normal productivity. Forest The forests in the district are thin and scanty. The Muchukota Hills about 35 KM in length, run from North of Gooty town up to extreme Southern Corner of Tadipatri and Yadiki mandals. Another line of Hills starts from West Gooty mandal and run 80 Kms called by name Nagasamudram Hills. The Mallappakonda Range begins at Dharmavaram and runs into Karnataka state. Rivers The main rivers in the district are Pennar, Jayamangala, Chitravathi, Vedavathi or Hagari River. Apart from these, streams like Kushavathi, Swarnamukhi, Maddileru, Pandameru, and Papagni are important water supply sources to various large and medium irrigation tanks in the district. 159

4 Irrigation Projects The major irrigated projects of Anantapur district were shown in the 4.1 table. SI No. TABLE IRRIGATION PROJECTS IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT Name of the Project Irrigated area 1 TBPHLC % of Irrigated land 2 Upper Pennar Bhairavani Thippa Chennarayaswamy Gudi Pennar Kumudvathi Yogi Vemana Reservoir Pedaballi TOTAL Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur There is one Major Irrigation project named as TBPHLC gives water for Hects i.e % of land and 6 Medium and other irrigation projects named Upper Pennar Project, Bhairavanithippa project, Chennaraya Swamy Gudi Project, Pennar Kumudvathi Project, Yogi Vemana Reservoir and Pedaballi project gives water to 4066, 4856, 445, 2639, 5212 and 607 Hects of land. Out of gross irrigated area of 1.51 Lakh Hect, canals accounted for 16.74%, tanks 3.57%, Tube wells 68.62%, wells 9.80% and other sources 1.27%. Rainfall and Climate The district has a fairly good elevation which provides the district with tolerable climate throughout the year. It has a gradual fall from the South North towards the valley of the Pennar in Peddavadugur, Peddapappur and 160

5 Tadipatri mandals. There is a gradual rise in Hindupur, Parigi, Lepakshi, Chilamathur, Agali, Rolla, Madakasira mandals in South to join the Karnataka plateau where the average elevation is about 2000 feet is above the mean sea level. It is about 1100 feet at Anantapur and the lowest 900 feet is at Tadipatri. The average rainfall of the district is MMs by which it secures lease rainfall when compared to other districts of Andhra Pradesh being far from the East Coast,, it does not enjoy the full benefits of North East monsoon and being cut off by the high western Ghats, the South West monsoon are also prevented from penetrating and punching the thirst of these parched soils. It is therefore seen, the district is deprived of both the monsoons and subject to drought due to bad seasons. The district is frequently attacked by severe droughts and famines. The climate of the district is usually hot, with more than 41 C in April and May and minimum temperature varying between 25 C and 14.5 C in January in every year. Hindupur, Parigi, Lepakshi, Chilamathur, Agali, Rolla and Madakasira mandals being at High elevation are cooler than the rest of the mandals in the district3. Soils The soils in Anantapur district are predominantly red. Some mandals are red and black soils in equal proportion. Thus 76% red soils, 24% are black soils in the district. 161

6 Natural Resources A) Forests: The district is not rich in the forest wealth. The name Forest in the district does not indicate any dense tree population with thick foliage of variform of pastures. B) Mineral Resources: Gold, Diamonds and Asbestos are the generally available resources in the district. Place of Tourist Importance places in the district. S.No, The following are the some tourist / religious TABLE IMPORTANT TOURIST PLACES OF ANANTNAPUR Name of the Tourist/Reiigious center Name of the Mandal in which located Distance in KM from the Dist. Head quarter 1. Gugudu Narpala Lepakshi Lepakshi Kasapuram Guntakal Alurkona Tadipatri Pennahobilam Uravakonda Gutibayalu Gandlapenta Puttaparthy Puttaparthy 100 Importance of the place Sri Kullaiswamy and Anjaneyaswamy temple. Piligrim center Veerabhadra temple and big Nandi made with single stone. Hindu piligrim centre. Nettikanti Veeranjaneya Swmay Sri Ranganatha Swamy temple. Piligirm and tourist Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy temple. Bugga Koneru and a small dam located near temple. Biggest Banyan tree. Its branches spread nearly 5 acres locally called as Thimmamma Marri Manu Biggest piligrim center in the district. The Lord Satya Sai Baba buildup the puttaparthy campus named as Prasanthi Nilayam. 162

7 8. Penukonda Penukonda Hemavathi Amarapuram Rayadurg fort Rayadurg Gooty Fort Gooty Tadipatri Tadipatri Jamboodweepa at Konakondla Vajrakarur 70 One of the early capitals of Vijayanagara empire. Gagan Mahal - the summer resort of the vijayanagara kings. Babayya Darga - a splendid emample for communal hormoney. Kumbakama garden - a big sleeping Kumbakama statue constructed. Piligrim center Doddeswara Swamy temple built during the Pallava region. A big Nandi situated. Fort built by the Vijayanagara kings. Rasasidda temple carved out of the single stone located with in the fort. One of the oldest hill fort in A.P. built during Vijayanagara era. Chitala Venkataramana Temple, Bugga Ramalingeswara temple. The jain Mythical cosmographical diagram of Jambu Dweepa engraved on a stone on the top of the hill. Thirthanka temple located. 14. Penakacherla Garladinne 45 Dam, light house and park. 15. Kadiri Kadiri 96 Piligrim Centre. Khadri Lakshminarasimhaswamy temple. Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur Administrative Divisions The district is divided into 3 revenue divisions with 63 mandals for better administration. There are 1001 Grampanchayats, 7 Municipalities with 14 M.L.A. and 2 M.P. constituencies. 163

8 Population There population of rural and urban to the total population of the district is 75% and 25% as per 2001 census. The total population of the district is 36,40,478 with the density of 190 per Sq.KM as against 277 per Sq.Km of the state. There are 958 females per 1000 men4. The Population growth in Anantapur district from 1901 to 2001 is shown in Table 4.3. TABLE GROWTH OF POPULATION IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT BETWEEN 1901 TO 2001 % Variation SI Density of Year Population increase / No. population decrease Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur 164

9 The above table shows that the population increases from 1901 to 1911 with a 2.74 percent, but from 1911 to 1921 the population decreases to -1.26because of world war crises, from 1931 to till the population goes on increasing day today shows that Anantapur district is not excluded from the population explosion problems. Category wise, religion wise population The category wise, religion wise population was shown in the below 4.4 table. TABLE CATEGORY WISE, RELEGION POPULATION WISE IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT SI % in Total Category Total Population No. population 1 All SCs STs Hindus Muslims Christians Sikhs Buddhists Jains Others Literates Literates in SCs Literates in STs Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur 165

10 Out of total population of , are men and are women with 51% and 49% respectively. Out of total population, the population of SCs is SCs with 14% and STs are with 3%. Out of total population are literates with 56% out of the total literates, there are are male literates and are female literates with 68% and 43% respectively. Land utilization The total land utilization of Anantapur district under various categories was shown in the 4.5 table. SI No. TABLE UTILISATION OF LAND IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT Category Area in Hects % in Total area ( ATP) 1 Forest Barren & Un Cultivable Land Agriculture land Permanent Pastures & other Grazing land Misc. Tree crops and Groves Cultivable waste Total Cropped area Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur The table 4.5 reveals that out of the total geographical area per cent hectors of land is under the forests, 9.59 percent hectors is under barren and uncultivated land,

11 percent hectors is agricultural and 0.47percent hectors is under grazing land. Total crapped area is 62.09percent. It shows that most of the land is under cropped area and second place occupied by uncultivated land indicate that Anantapur district is considerable a drought prone area5.. Distribution of Workers The distribution of workers under various categories was shown in the 4.6 table. SI No. Category TABLE DISTRIBUTION OF WORKERS IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT No. % in Total workers % in Total Population 2001 census of Atp 1 Cultivators Agricultural labour House hold Industry Other than House hold Industry Total workers Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur Out of total workers of , there are cultivators with 13.41%, are Agricultural labours with 12,70%, only are household workers with 2.36%, are other than household workers with 11.95% and 8.41% i.e are marginal workers. Category of Land holders The categories of various land holders was shown in the 4.7 table. 167

12 SI No TABLE CATEGORY WISE LAND HOLDERS IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT Category Marginal Farmers Below 2.47 Acres Small Farmers 2.47 to 4.93 Acres Semi - Medium Farmers 4.94 to 9.87 Acres Medium Farmers 9.88 to 24.7 Acres Large Farmers Acres and above No. % in Total land holders Area in Acres % in Total area , TOTAL Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur Above table reveals that percent of marginal farmers cultivate percent of land,31.67 percent of small farmers cultivate percent of land,8.047 percent of medium farmers cultivate percent of total land and 1.19 percent of large farmers cultivate 9.33 percent of total land. The data explains that out of total cultivated land percent i.e l/3percent of total land is cultivated by the semi medium farmers reveals that these people plays very important role in agriculture. 168

13 Agriculture Products Anantapur district is one of the major production areas for Groundnut crop. The district depends on mainly on rain water and as the irrigation sources are less and also hot climatic conditions of the district, some arid crop products are as follows in the district as shown in table 4.8. TABLE AREA, PRODUCTION OF CROPS AND YIELD PER HECTARE IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT SI Area in Production in Yield Crop No. 000'Hects&% 000Tonnes&% Kgs/Hec&% 1 Rice 44(3.86) 132(8.24) 320(0.78) 2 Jowar 16(1.40) 11(0.68) 672(1.64) 3 Bajra 1(0.09) 3(0.19) 2148(5.23) 4 Ragi 2(0.18) 5(0.31) 1906(4.64) 5 Maize 13(1.14) 80(4.93) 5909(14.37) 6 Bengal gram 75(6.58) 78(4.81) 1045(2.54) 7 Red gram 37(3.25) 17(1.05) 467(1.14) 8 Green gram 1(0.09) 6(0.39) 656(1.60) 9 Groundnut 897(78.5) 1130(69.7) 1260(3.07) 10 Castor 2(0.17) 1(0.06) 724(1.76) 11 Sunflower 45(3.95) 30(1.85) 658(1.60) 12 Chilies 2(0.18) 9(0.55) 4034(9.81) 13 Cotton 3(0.26) 2*(0.12) 77**(0.19) 14 Onion 2(0.18) 45(2.77) 20759(50.5) 15 Mulberry 3(0.26) 72(4.4) 474(1.15) Total 1440(100) 1621(100) 41109(100) * (Lints) (000' Bales of 170 Kgs each) * (Lint) (Kgs. Per Hect) 169

14 Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur Medieal Facilities There are 20 Government hospitals and 68 P.H.C.s covering one PHC for each mandal with 1888 beds. The medical facilities available in the district are shown in table 4.9. SI No. TABLE GOVERNMENT MEDICAL FACILITIES IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT Category 1 ALLOPATHIC No. A) General Hospitals 14 B) C.D. Hospital 1 C) PAC Dispensary 1 D) Police Hospital 1 E) Dispensaries 6 2 AYURVEDIC A) Hospitals 0 Beds available 1888 No. of Doctors available B) Dispensaries UNANI A) Hospitals & Dispensaries HOMEOPATHY A) Hospitals & Dispensaries No. of villages having veterinary facilities Doctors per lakh population Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur 170

15 Transport and Road Facilities Anantapur district. Table No.4.12 shows the road facilities available in TABLE ROAD FACILITIES IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT S.No. Category Length in KM 1 Railway (38 Stations) Road Transport Length in KM A) National Highways B) Roads & Building Roads i) State High Ways ii) Major District Roads iii) Other District Roads C) Zilla Paris lad Roads i) Major District Roads ii) Other District Roads iii) Mandal Parishad and Other village roads Category of roads SI.No. Category Length in KM 1 Cement Concrete Roads Black Top Roads Metal Roads Un Metallic Roads Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur Finance Facilities Table 4.13 shows the Post Offices and Banking f facilities available in Anantapur district. 172

16 TABLE BANKING AND POST OFFICE FACILITIES AVAILABLE IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT SI.No. Category No. 1 Post Offices 939 A) Head Post Office 4 B) Sub-Post Office 117 C) Branch Office 818 Average population per Post Office branch Banks 252 A) Nationalized Banks 124 B) Rural Banks 81 C) Co-Operative Banks 19 D) Other Banks 28 Average population per bank branch Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur The above table shows that the average dependence of population was more on banks than other service facilities. Education There are good educational facilities in Anantapur district. Table 4.14 shows the educational institutions in the district. 173

17 i TABLE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AVAILABLE IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT &% SI. No Category Primary Schools Upper Primary Schools High Schools Higher Secondary Schools Junior Colleges Degree Colleges Profession al Colleges A) Engineeri ng Central Govt. State Govt Management Mandal Parishads Municipali ty Private / Aided Private Un 1 Aided i TOT AL 3(0.09) 8(0.25) (0.46) (50.0) Colleges B) Medical Sciences Post 8 Graduate Colleges Source: Hand Book of Statistics published by CPO, Anantapur 174

18 The above table shows that the role of mandal parishads in providing education felicities is considerable than other managements. Markets In Anantapur district there is Agriculture Market yards, Sericulture market yards located at Hindupur, Cooperative marketing societies, Seed co-operative stores of agriculture department are also available in the district. The district has so many fertilizer stores under co-operative and agriculture department in addition to private fertilizer stores. Iiandloom Industry in Anantapur District Anantapur district is located in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh. It is a chronic feature of Anantapur district to have drought and famines. The density of the population of the district is 190 persons per Sq.KM as against the State average of 277 persons per Sq.KM. Agriculture occupies first place in the economy of Anantapur District. Handloom weaving sector occupies second place respectively. Number of Weaving Households in the District During 2005 to The number of weaving households in the district was shown in the 4.15 table. 175

19 TABLE NUMBER OF HANDLOOMS IN ANANTHAPUR DISTRICT DURING sl.no Under cooperative society&% Outside cooperative soeiety&% Total house holds&% (2.26) 14627(9.6) 17751(6.19) (1.76) 15551(10.3) 18993(6.62) (20.9) 37119(24.5) 63119(22.0) (21.1) 38258(25.2) 67377(23.5) (26.15) 24824(16.4) 60948(21.3) (28.00) 21252(14.0) 58577(20.4) Total (100) (100) (100) Source: Handloom and Textile office ATP The table 4.15 analyses that in 2005 out of total handlooms 2.26 percent looms are under co- operative societies, 9.6 percent are outside the co-operative societies, in 2010 out of total looms co-operative looms increased to percent and outside co-operative looms decreased to 14.0 shows that the importance of co-operatives in weaving industry. At the very beginning of the year 2008 the rains becomes scare, and agriculture becomes failure of crops, so the migration of labours from agriculture to handloom weaving increased the number handloom to among them handlooms were under co-operative society and 1555 handlooms were outside co-operative. These numbers 176

20 increased to among them handlooms were under co-operative society and handlooms were outside cooperative6, Finally the above table reveals that the dependence on handlooms has been increasing from year to year clearly for the reason that the crops become failures and dependence on handlooms increases more, TABLE ALLOCATION OF BUDGET UNDER VARIOUS SCHEMES DURING TO IN ANANTAPUR DIST (Amount in lakhs) Per capital SI. no Year Beneficiaries Finance flow finance flow in lakhs (0.96) (7.45) (21.13) ( (21.08) (27.68) Total 6322(100) Source: office of the handloom and textiles, anantapur The above table explains the number of beneficiaries under various schemes during 2003 to 2009.During beneficiaries were 61 lakhs and budget allocations was

21 lakhs, it increased to lakh in During beneficiaries under various schemes increased to 1750 and budget allocation was lakhs7. Finally the above table shows that the beneficiaries Artisian credit card increased from 61 lakhs to 1750 lakh during to All these Data shows that financial allocations to handloom sector are increasing and government also providing various subsidies and finance facilities at low interest, health schemes etc to the weavers. Developmental schemes Implemented by the Handlooms and Textiles Department in Anantapur District at present. 1. Health Insurance Scheme Health Insurance Scheme was introduced by Government of India for Handloom Weavers in the year in collaboration with ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company Ltd., with an aim of financially enabling the weaver community to access Health care facilities covering not only the weaver but also his wife and two children with in age range of 1 day child to 80 years. Under this scheme the weaver has to pay Rs 98 towards membership contribution. 2. M.G.B.B.Y. Scheme The object of the Mahatma Gandhi Bunkar Bhima Yojana is to provide enhanced insurance cover to the Handloom Weavers in the case of Natural as well as accidental death and also high sum assured. Eligibility for this scheme is 178

22 the Weaver should be earning at least 50% of his income from Handloom Weaving. All the weavers whether Male are Female between the age group of 18 to 59 years are eligible to be cover under the scheme. Under this scheme weaver has to contribute Rs 80 for membership per annum. 3. Artisan Credit card Scheme The Government of India, Ministry of Textiles, New Delhi has introduced Artisan Credit Card Scheme in the year to provide adequate and timely credit i.e., Working capital/ Block capital to Handloom Weavers. The Scheme is to be implemented by all commercial Banks RRBs State Coop, Banks, DCCBs / PSES, SCARDBS/ PCARDBS and Scheduled Primary Coop. Banks. Eligibility for this scheme the weaver should be earning income from Handloom weaving. 4. Handloom weavers groups The objective of the Scheme to augment flow of credit to Handloom Weavers outside the Crop. Fold by organizing them into Handloom Weavers Groups. Each Handloom Weaver Group comprising preferably 5 to 10 individuals. 1. The Members should be engaged in Handloom activity for a continuous period of not less than one year. 2. Group member should not be a defaulter to any other formal financial institution/ Bank. Loan limit for this scheme is Rs.2.00 lakhs per group of 5 members under model-a. Rs.5.00 lakhs per Group of 10 members under model-b. 179

23 5. Waiver of loans Sanctioned to Individual Weavers under ACC, PMRY & RYS Schemes The Government is implementing Loan waiver Scheme to Individual Weavers under ACC, PMRY and RYSS s. No. TABLE LOANS SANCTIONED TO INDIVIDUAL WEAVERS UNDER ACC, PMRY & RYS SCHEMES (Amount in Rs.) No. of No. of No. of Balance to Name of the Amount Amount Benefi Benefi Benefi be received Scheme claimed settled ciaries ciaries ciaries from Govt. 1. Artisan Credit Card (ACC) 2. Prime Minister Rojgar Yojana (PMRY) 3. Rajeev Yuva Shakthi (RYS) ,89,49, ,84,87, ,04,61, ,51,23, ,78, ,77,44, ,32,93, ,94, ,00,98,841 Total: ,73,65, ,90,60, ,83,05,418 Source: office of the handloom and textiles, anantapur 6. Suicidal Death Package to Handloom Weavers The Government of Andhra Pradesh wide G.O.Ms. No.46 Ind. & Com (Tex.) Dept., dated: has announced interim special Package to support families of Deceased Weavers. In this package Government have announced exgratia amount Rs.1,50 lakhs to families of deceased weavers who commit suicide due to poverty arising an 180

24 account of occupation related distress which is an emotional Trauma and Financial hardship faced by the weaver8. Under this package 50,000/- will be given by RDO concerned the clear of debts of the deceased as the one time settlement to the creditors the remaining One lakh Rs. 25,000/- will be given to the Nominee of the deceased weaver for purchase of Looms and Accessories along with working capital the remaining amount Rs.75,000/- will be kept as F.D. (Fixed Deposit) in the name of Nominee of the deceased weaver and Assistant Director (H&T), Anantapur for period of 3 years9. 7. Workshed Scheme The State Government have announced Workshed Scheme to the weavers those who were already sanctioned and constructed Houses under Indiramma Phase-1, II & III. A Loan of Rs. 15,000/- for construction of Workshed to the weavers will be provided by the P.D. Housing, Anantapur. In Anantapur District 1000 weavers Workshed proposal were submitted to the District Manager, Housing pertaining to 1 Municipal Corporation, 5 Municipalities and 34 Mandals Handloom development cluster (under I.H.D.S.scheme) The main objective of the Handloom Development Cluster is to bring out side coop, fold members in One Cluster Comprising of 300 to 500 weaver members. In Anantapur District 5 Cluster have been sanctioned by the Government of India the details of the Clusters are hereunder. 181

25 TABLE HANDLOOM DEVELOPMENT CLUSTER (UNDER I.H.D.S.SCHEME) (Rs. In lakhs) s. Name of the Cluster No. 1. Muddireddypalli Handloom Cluster 2. Yadiki Handloom Cluster 3. Uravakonda Handloom Cluster 4. Tadipatri Handloom Cluster 5. Dharmavaram Handloom Cluster Project cost Amount released&% %Expenditure incurred in released (34.0) 20.60(100.0) (28.9) (92.1) (29.7) 17.85(100.0) (29.7) 14.35(8.0.39) ( (88.79) Conclusion Anantapur district was formed in the year 1882 having been separated from Bellary district. Later on, it was expanded with the addition of Revenue mandals of Kadiri, Mudigubba, Nallamada, N.P.Kunta, Talupula, Nallacheruvu, O.D. Cheruvu Tanakal, Amadagur and Gandlapenta (previous Kaditi taluq) from Cuddapah district in the year The total geographical area of the district is Sq.Kms and Anantapur district is biggest district in the state. The district lies between Northern Latitude and and VS -SO Eastern Longitude. It is bounded by Bellary, Kurnool Districts on North, kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh and Kolar District of Karnataka state on South East and North respectively. 182

26 The district has a fairly good elevation which provides the district with tolerable climate throughout the year. It has a gradual fall from the South North towards the valley of the Pennar in Peddavadugur, Peddapappur and Tadipatri mandals. The district is frequently attacked by severe droughts and famines. The climate of the district is usually hot, with more than 41 C in April and May and minimum temperature varying between 25 C and 14.5 C in January in every year. The district is divided into 3 revenue divisions with 63 mandals for better administration. There are 1001 Grampanchayats, 7 Municipalities with 14 M.L.A. and 2 M.P. constituencies. The population of rural and urban to the total population of the district is 75% and 25% as per 2001 census. The total population of the district is 36,40,478 with the density of 190 per Sq.KM as against 277 per Sq.Km of the state. There are 958 females per 1000 men. Out of total population, there are Hindu with 86.5%, are Muslims with 10.70%, are Christians with 0.57%, 2.33% are others like Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains etc. The total geographical area of the district is lakh Hects. Out of these lakh Hects of land is utilized and lakh Hects of land is cropped area. The cultivable land area of the district is Hects. Out of which lakhs Hects is under Kharif and 1.61 Lakh Hects is under Rabi season. 183

27 Out of total workers of , there are cultivators with 13,41%, are Agricultural labours with 12.70%, only are household workers with 2.36%, are other than household workers with 11.95% and 8.41% i.e are marginal workers. In Anantapur district there is Agriculture Market yards, Sericulture market yards located at Hindupur, Co-operative marketing societies, Seed co-operative stores of agriculture department are also available in the Anantapur district. The district has so many fertilizer stores under cooperative and agriculture department in addition to private fertilizer stores The data reveals that in 2005 total handlooms were in which 3124 handloom were under co-operative society handloom were outside co-operative society. This number increased to total in which 3442 handlooms were under co-operative society handlooms were outside co-operative society in Finally the data reveals that the dependence on handlooms has been increasing from year to year clearly for the reason that the crops become failures and dependence on handlooms increases more. The data explains the number of beneficiaries under various schemes during 2003 to 2009.During beneficiaries were 61 lakhs and budget allocations wad lakhs, it increased to lakh in During beneficiaries under various schemes increased 1750 and budget allocation was lakhs. 184

28 Finally the above table shows that the beneficiaries Artisian credit card increased from 61 lakhs to 1750 lakh during to All these Data shows that finance allocation to handloom sector increasing and government also is providing various schemes like subsidies and finance facilities at low interest, health schemes etc to the weavers benefices the weaver a lot. 185

29 REFERENCE 1. S Rao (C.1973), (1973), Employment in Handloom Industry, Kurukshetra, Vo 1.22 No.l, October A 2. S.Jagadeesan (1978), Handloom Weaving and Employment Potential, The Co-operator, Vol.16, No. 5, 1st September 3. Gopal Chetty V (1988), Problems and Prospects of Weaving Industry in Chittoor District, Un published Ph.D Thesis, S.V. University, Tirupathi 4. Chief Planning Department (2008), Hand Book of Statistics, Year Book published by the Chief Planning Officer, Anantapur 5. Eenadu (1998), Handloom Weaving is not an Occupation, It is an Inherited Art, Article published in Eenadu Daily Telugu News Paper. 6. Jain L.C. (2007), The Issue of Employment, Yojana, June 2007, Vol.40, No.7 7. Anjayya Punna (1980), Protect Handloom Industry, Chenetha, June Information of office of the chenetha Bazar,Ananthapur. 9. Information of office of the Handloom Textiles and co-operatives Ananthapur. 10. Rayalaseema Region consisting of four districts viz.,kadapa,kumool, chittor,and Ananthapur 186