Lecture 24 Differentiation and stem cells
|
|
- Eileen Rice
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lecture 24 Differentiation and stem cells *Stem cells and differentiation in plants Totipotency Stem cells in animals Therapeutic use Cloning Therapeutic Reproductive Therapeutic cloning in humans
2 Stem cells Self-renewal Differentiation ECB Stem cells - undifferentiated cells that divide and give rise to cells that differentiate into specialized cells of plant and animal tissues
3 Stem cells in plants are localized in meristems Shoot apical meristem Shoot apical meristem MBoC (4) figure and 112 Garland Publishing Shoot apical meristem Root apical meristem Lateral or axial meristems Floral meristem
4 Cell fate in root is determined by position endodermis cortex stele Differentiation Meristem renewal Cells leave meristem and enter files (colors) and differentiate into specific fates (stele, endodermis, cortex etc.)
5 Cells of adult plants remain totipotent: cloning a carrot 1 mm 3 fragments ( explants ) from adult root Regenerated adult plant Induce with hormones to initiate shoot and root formation Culture embroid in liquid culture, then agar Culture explants in liquid culture medium Cells dedifferentiate and begin to divide, forming callus tissue Move to soil Moore et al Figure 9.2 Wm C Brown Publishing
6 Cells from young animal embryos are also totipotent Embryonic stem cells (ES cells) ECB Totipotent - capable of forming all differentiated cells of adult Pluripotent - capable of forming more than 1 differentiated cell type
7 Cells of early mammalian embryos are totipotent 8-cell mouse embryos Aggregate in vitro Adapted from MBoC (4) figures and Garland Publishing Inject one cell from red 8- cell embryo into grey blastocyst Culture in vitro to blastocyst Red blastomeres incorporate into inner cell mass of blastocyst Implant into hormonallyprimed female for gestation and birth Tetraparental chimeric pup Implant into hormonallyprimed female for gestation and birth Descendants of red cells in all tissues of resulting chimeric pup, including germline Totipotency lost during development and differentiation (~16 cells in mouse)
8 Differentiation occurs in three stages Fertilized animal eggs and early embryonic cells can give rise to all the different cell types of the body, they are considered totipotent. Identical twins Cell fates become progressively restricted during development, a process called differentiation. Differentiation occurs in three stages Specification Fate is not absolute Cell identity subject to change Determination Fate is fixed, and cannot change in response to environment Differentiation Changes in cell structure and function
9 How do cells lose totipotency? Gross DNA rearrangement or loss (rare?) B-lymphocytes (make antibodies) splice genes encoding IgG HC Mammalian erythrocytes (red blood cells) enucleate Terminal differentiation (some tissues/cells) Loss of cell division capacity: muscle, neurons, others Altered gene expression (most common) Transcriptional regulation by transcription factors, Reversible, in principle (with difficulty)
10 Differences in gene expression make all cell types of organism unique ECB 8-15 Genes A, B, C, D smooth muscle transcribes A, B hepatocytes A, C Lymphocytes B, C, D 35,000-40,000 genes allow nearly infinite combinations to define cell type
11 Stem cells that resupply differentiated cells are pluripotent: example blood Blood cells must be renewed but not capable of cell division (red blood cells lack a nucleus) ECB Hemopoetic stem cell: Divides to renew itself for lifespan of animal Can form a limited number of cell types (pleuripotent) But not differentiated
12 Bone marrow contains hemopoietic stem cells for blood cells X-irradiation stops production of blood forming cells Lethal without treatment Inject bone marrow from healthy donor of different MHC tissue type Irradiated host survives after bone marrow transplant New blood cells have MHC type of marrow donor MBoC (4) figure Garland Publishing
13 Stem cells and differentiation in plants Totipotency Stem cells in animals Therapeutic use Cloning Therapeutic Reproductive Therapeutic cloning in humans
14 Stem Cells -- therapeutic use? Embryonic stem cells donated embryos from In Vitro Fertilization clinics 4-5 days old (blastocyst stage) cultured cells grow in petri plates (30 cells --> millions after ~6 months Conduct research to try to induce them to differentiate into specialized cell type of interest Great potential for therapeutic uses: -inject patient with stem cells that are induced to differentiate into defective cell, tissue
15 Parkinson s disease Loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain Goal: stem cell replacement Mouse embryonic stem cells -- cured mouse Parkinson s disease (model system) Hope for treatment of diabetes, osteoarthritis etc. Using embryonic stem cells from patient would eliminate risk of rejection
16 Federal Regulations G.W. Bush: August 2001: federally-funded research - can only use previously isolated ES cells (~17 lines in use, most in private laboratories) 2 issues with ES cells: 1. The source 2. The potential to clone humans
17 Two types of cloning: reproductive and therapeutic Somatic cell nuclear transplant (SCNT) Somatic nucleus must be reprogrammed to embryonic program by egg cytoplasm ECB Reproductive cloning has been accomplished for large mammals, not humans Therpeutic cloning in humans reported two months ago
18 Reproductive cloning of Dolly the sheep Q: other animal species cloned? A: Mice, pigs, cats, cows, mule, horse etc
19 Banteng: endangered cow species San Diego Zoo: frozen tissue Used dolly-type cloning, frozen nucleus implanted into a regular cow cell
20 Q: human cloning?
21 Rhesus Monkey model for primate cloning, no success! Problems in mitosis following nuclear transplant Regular fertilized egg. Green = Tripolar spindle centrosome protein In primates, removal of nucleus also removes most of the spindle proteins. Aberrant cell division--> gross chromosomal segregation defects.
22 Existing ES lines created by in vitro fertilization In vitro fertilization (IVF): use normal human egg/sperm for fertilization followed by lab culture until young embryo and then implant into female Rather than implant, these embryos can be used to isolate ES cells About half of embryos made by IVF yield ES cell lines But no success with nuclear transplant method until recently.. Hwang et al., Evidence of a Pluripotent Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line Derived from a Cloned Blastocyst. ScienceExpress 12 Feb 2004 Go to Marriot library, and log onto
23 Experimental procedure for therapeutic human cloning Somatic cell nuclear transplant (SCNT) Cumulus cells from ovary (2N) 20 blastocyst embryos 242 eggs from 16 women: Voluntary donors Electrofusion of cells Poke hole in eggs and gently extrude spindle No needles! ECB ES line (much lower than 50% of blastocysts using IVF)
24 Images of enucleation and ES colonies Spindles before enucleation After: spindles outside egg Light microscopy of human ES cell colonies Immunofluorescence for nestin (marker of ES cells) Karyotype (2N)
25 Human ES cells cause teratomas in immunodeficient mice Teratoma = cancerous tissue containing lots of different cell types Neuroepithelial rosset pigmented retinal epithelium ostoid island showing bony differentiation cartilage glandular epithelium with smooth muscle and connective tissue Shows pleuripotency of human ES line
Biotechnology. Chapter 20. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 20 Biotechnology PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Copyright
More informationStem Cel s Key Words:
Stem Cells Key Words: Embryonic stem cells, Adult stem cells, ips cells, self-renewal, differentiation, pluripotent, multipotent, Inner cell mass, Nuclear transfer (Therapeutic cloning), Feeder cells,
More informationCloning genes into animals. Transgenic animal carries foreign gene inserted into its genome.
Cloning genes into animals Transgenic animal carries foreign gene inserted into its genome. Transgenic goats Ch. 10 pg. 281 Produce human protein (drug) in milk Pharming Transgenic animals to produce human
More informationChapter 11. How Genes Are Controlled. Lectures by Edward J. Zalisko
Chapter 11 How Genes Are Controlled PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Essential Biology, Fifth Edition, and Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, Fourth Edition Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, and
More informationStem Cells & Neurological Disorders. Said Ismail Faculty of Medicine University of Jordan
Stem Cells & Neurological Disorders Said Ismail Faculty of Medicine University of Jordan Outline: - Introduction - Types & Potency of Stem Cells - Embryonic Stem Cells - Adult Stem Cells - ipscs -Tissue
More informationStem Cell Research 101
Stem Cell Research : A promising type of bioscience research The Stem Cell debate and the impact of the induced pluripotent stem cell procedure Why Is Vocabulary Important? Key terms frame the debate Mature
More informationBIOTECHNOLOGY. Unit 8
BIOTECHNOLOGY Unit 8 PART 1 BASIC/FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCE VS. APPLIED SCIENCE! Basic/Fundamental Science the development and establishment of information to aid our understanding of the world.! Applied Science
More informationANAT 2341 Embryology Lecture 18 Stem Cells
ANAT 2341 Embryology Lecture 18 Stem Cells 29 September 2010 Dr Antonio Lee Neuromuscular & Regenera
More informationWhich of the following comes closest to your view? no genetic engineering whatsoever should be performed on humans.
Which of the following comes closest to your view? GREEN: BLUE: RED: YELLOW: no genetic engineering whatsoever should be performed on humans. gene therapy is OK, but nothing else. I m OK with gene therapy
More informationFuture of Stem Cell Engineering. Jaeseung Jeong, Ph.D Department of Bio and Brain Engineering KAIST
Future of Stem Cell Engineering i Jaeseung Jeong, Ph.D Department of Bio and Brain Engineering KAIST Keywords of Stem Cell Engineering g Embryo and Fetus (Foetus) Adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells
More informationBiotechnology. Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 11 Illustrations 2010 Pearson Education, Inc., unless otherwise noted
Biotechnology Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 11 Illustrations 2010 Pearson Education, Inc., unless otherwise noted Biotechnology Any technical procedure used to isolate, analyze or manipulate genes
More informationNPTEL Biotechnology Tissue Engineering. Stem cells
Stem cells S. Swaminathan Director Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials School of Chemical & Biotechnology SASTRA University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu Joint Initiative of IITs and IISc
More informationGenetics Lecture 19 Stem Cells. Stem Cells 4/10/2012
Genetics Lecture 19 Stem Cells Stem Cells Much of the excitement about stem cells in the scientific and medical communities comes from their largely untapped and unproven potential for treating human conditions)
More informationJohn Gurdon was testing the hypothesis of genomic equivalence or that when cells divide they retain a full genomic compliment.
1. (15 pts) John Gurdon won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work he did in the 1960 s. What was the major developmental hypothesis he set out to test? What techniques did he development
More informationANAT 3231 Cell Biology Lecture 21 Stem Cells
ANAT 3231 Cell Biology Lecture 21 Stem Cells Outline What are Stem Cells? Totipotency - Pluripotency - Multipotency What are different sources of Stem Cells? Embryonic vs Adult Pros and Cons for each type
More informationCloning and Epigenetics. Developmental Readout. Foundations. Human issues. Stem cells. Cloning. Axon guidance.
7.72 12.4.06 Cloning and Epigenetics Human issues Cloning Stem cells Developmental Readout Axes Organ formation Axon guidance 3D structure Analysis Model + + organisms Foundations Principles 1 1 Cloning:
More informationFundamental properties of Stem Cells
Stem cells Learning Goals: Define what a stem cell is and describe its general properties, using hematopoietic stem cells as an example. Describe to a non-scientist the current progress of human stem cell
More informationLIFE. How-to 2 Cloning and Epigenetics. More great student questions of the day. 1. Reproductive vs therapeutic cloning
More great student questions of the day. Q: Are all cells that are pluripotent also stem cells? A: No! Many early embryonic cells are pluripotent, but do not self-renew, and eventually differentiate. Q:
More informationLesson 7A Specialized Cells, Stem Cells & Cellular Differentiation
Lesson 7A Specialized Cells, Stem Cells & Cellular Differentiation Learning Goals I can explain the concept of cell differentiation and cell specialization. I can explain how the cell structure relates
More informationLecture 17. Transgenics. Definition Overview Goals Production p , ,
Lecture 17 Reading Lecture 17: p. 251-256, 260-261 & 264-266 Lecture 18: p. 258-264, 508-524 Transgenics Definition Overview Goals Production p.251-256, 260-261, 264-266 315 Definition A transgenic animal
More informationKEY Reproductive cloning Therapeutic cloning
1. (20 pts) Define Reproductive and Therapeutic cloning. Make sure your descriptions clearly distinguish the critical differences between them. Describe an example of each. Reproductive cloning refers
More information3/9/04 Cloning/Stem Cells
3/9/04 Cloning/Stem Cells 1 Meet (left to right): Rainbow, Allie and cc (carbon copy) who is a genetic clone of Rainbow. Allie is cc s surrogate mom 2 To see entire article: http://fire.biol.wwu.edu/trent/trent/2.14.02nytcat.pdf
More informationWill Stem Cells Finally Deliver Without Controversy?
Will Stem Cells Finally Deliver Without Controversy? Keith Gary, Ph.D. Director of Program Development Kansas City Area Life Sciences Institute Olathe North Life Sciences 1 February 2012 What s the Buzz?
More informationUnit 1: DNA and the Genome. Sub-Topic (1.4) Cellular Differentiation
Unit 1: DNA and the Genome Sub-Topic (1.4) Cellular Differentiation Duncanrig 2016 Unit 1: DNA and the Genome Sub-Topic (1.4) Cellular Differentiation On completion of this subtopic I will be able to Cellular
More informationName: Date: IF YOU GOT BELOW A 70% RETAKING THE TEST IS MANDATORY.
IF YOU GOT BELOW A 70% RETAKING THE TEST IS MANDATORY. 1. What is a mutation? Any change in a DNA sequence 2. Name and describe the two categories types of gene mutations. Point: substitution, one nucleotide
More informationStem Cells. Part 1: What is a Stem Cell? STO Stem cells are unspecialized. What does this mean?
STO-120 Stem Cells Part 1: What is a Stem Cell? Stem cells differ from other kinds of cells in the body. When a stem cell divides by mitosis, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell
More informationMolecular Medicine. Stem cell therapy Gene therapy. Immunotherapy Other therapies Vaccines. Medical genomics
Molecular Medicine Molecular Medicine Stem cell therapy Gene therapy Tumor therapy Immunotherapy Other therapies Vaccines Genetic diagnostics Medical genomics Medication Diagnostics medicine: old desire
More informationStem Cells: Introduction and Prospects in Regenerative Medicine.
Stem Cells: Introduction and Prospects in Regenerative Medicine www.gothamgazette.com/.../stemcell/stem_cell.jpg Ode to a Stem Cell, Part II by VCW There once was stem cell stuck in the hood Dividing endlessly,
More informationDB3230 Midterm 1 11/15/2013 Name:
1. (15 pts) Nuclear cloning by John Gurdon was rarely successful in producing fertile adults. Why not? Explain why serial transplantation improves the success rate. What else could you do to improve the
More informationWhat is Biotechnology? 15.1 What is Biotechnology? Transgenic Biotechnology Transgenic Biotechnology. Biotechnology. Transgenic organism
What is Biotechnology? 15.1 What is Biotechnology? Biotechnology the use of technology to control biological processes as a means of meeting societal needs Gene therapy Genetic engineering Bioremediation
More informationCloning. 1. What is cloning: Natural and artificial 2. Cloning of what? 3. Embryonic development of multi-cellular organisms:
Cloning 1. What is cloning: Natural and artificial 2. Cloning of what? 3. Embryonic development of multi-cellular organisms: cell division, morphogenesis, differentiation 2. Plant cloning 3. Animal cloning
More informationANNOUNCEMENTS. HW2 is due Thursday 2/4 by 12:00 pm. Office hours: Monday 12:50 1:20 (ECCH 134)
ANNOUNCEMENTS HW2 is due Thursday 2/4 by 12:00 pm. Office hours: Monday 12:50 1:20 (ECCH 134) Lectures 6 8 Outline Stem Cell Division - symmetric - asymmetric Stem cell lineage potential - pluripotent
More informationPhysicsAndMathsTutor.com. Question Number. Answer Additional guidance Mark. 1(a) 1. reference to stem cells being {totipotent / pluripotent} ;
1(a) 1. reference to stem cells being {totipotent / pluripotent} ; 2. can specialise or differentiate / can give rise to {differentiated / specialised} cells ; 3. idea that these can replace damaged cells
More informationBiology 4361 Developmental Biology Lecture 4. The Genetic Core of Development
Biology 4361 Developmental Biology Lecture 4. The Genetic Core of Development The only way to get from genotype to phenotype is through developmental processes. - Remember the analogy that the zygote contains
More informationStem cell: a cell capable of 1) tissue plasticity - make different cell types 2) infinite self renewal through asymmetric division
Stem cell: a cell capable of 1) tissue plasticity - make different cell types 2) infinite self renewal through asymmetric division stem cell stem cell skin muscle nerve Properties of STEM cells Plasticity
More informationSocial and Ethical Issues in Systems Biology. HW: pg 120 #1-5, 9-11, 14
Social and Ethical Issues in Systems Biology HW: pg 120 #1-5, 9-11, 14 Transplanting Organs Organ transplantation involves the removal of an organ from donor body and placement in a recipient body, wherein
More informationAsexu. Figure 6 A small glass tube, called a micropipette, is used to remove the nucleus from a cell and later introduce a new nucleus.
While plant cloning experiments were being conducted, Robert Briggs and Thomas King were busy investigating nuclear transplants in frogs. Working with the common grass frog, the scientists extracted the
More information7.03, 2005, Lecture 25 Transgenes and Gene Targeting in Mice II
7.03, 2005, Lecture 25 Transgenes and Gene Targeting in Mice II In the last lecture we discussed sickle cell disease (SCD) in humans, and I told you the first part of a rather long, but interesting, story
More informationEmbryonic development, epigenics and somatic cell nuclear transfer - The science and its social implications -
Embryonic development, epigenics and somatic cell nuclear transfer - The science and its social implications - Moshe Yaniv Unité d Expression Génétique et Maladies, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France September
More informationREPRODUCTIVE CLONING OF HUMAN BEINGS: CURRENT SITUATION. Report of the Regional Director
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION REGIONAL OFFICE FOR AFRICA ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTE BUREAU REGIONAL DE L AFRIQUE ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DE SAÚDE ESCRITÓRIO REGIONAL AFRICANO PROGRAMME SUBCOMMITTEE Fifty-fifth
More informationDifferentiation = Making specialized cells. Self-renewal = copying. What is a stem cell?
Differentiation = Making specialized cells What is a stem cell? What the photo shows A lump of metal and lots of different kinds of screws that can be made from it. Things to think about What is a specialized
More informationWhat are clones? Genetically identical copies
Cloning What are clones? Genetically identical copies The possibility of human cloning was raised when Scottish scientists at Roslin Institute created the much-celebrated sheep "Dolly" Cloning Cloning
More informationWHAT IS EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
31 March, 2018 WHAT IS EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS Document Filetype: PDF 436.17 KB 0 WHAT IS EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS Explore Current Stem Cell Treatments. Embryonic stem cells - Embryonic stem cells include those
More informationShould Embryonic Stem Cell Research be Permitted to Continue? Over the past few years a debate has been going on over the moral implications of
Courtesy of Christopher Waits. Used with permission. Waits 1 Should Embryonic Stem Cell Research be Permitted to Continue? Over the past few years a debate has been going on over the moral implications
More informationTowards a stem cell based therapy for Parkinson s Disease
Stem cell based therapies for Parkinson s Disease Towards a stem cell based therapy for Parkinson s Disease MALIN PARMAR NYSCF Robertson Investigator Lund University, Sweden INTR, Port Douglas, Sept 13-16,
More informationSTEM CELL ETHICS: THE NEGLECTED ISSUES. Dr. Christie Holland Rev. Dr. Karen Lebacqz
STEM CELL ETHICS: THE NEGLECTED ISSUES Dr. Christie Holland Rev. Dr. Karen Lebacqz Stem Cell Science -- some basic terms totipotent = able to make an entire organism. pluripotent = able to make all types
More informationThebiotutor.com A2 Biology OCR Unit F215: Control, genomes and environment Module 2.1 Cloning in plants and animals Notes & Questions
Thebiotutor.com A2 Biology OCR Unit F215: Control, genomes and environment Module 2.1 Cloning in plants and animals Notes & Questions Andy Todd 1 Outline the differences between reproductive and non-reproductive
More informationChapter 8 Healthcare Biotechnology
Chapter 8 Healthcare Biotechnology Outline: 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Biopharming 8.3 Models of Human Disease 8.4 Detecting and Diagnosing Human Disease 8.5 Monoclonal Antibodies 8.6 Gene Therapy 8.7 Tissue
More informationStudent Learning Outcomes (SLOS) - Advanced Cell Biology
Course objectives The main objective is to develop the ability to critically analyse and interpret the results of the scientific literature and to be able to apply this knowledge to afford new scientific
More informationStem Cell review/cloning Section. If false, correct only one of the underlined words to make the statement true.
MIT Biology Department 7.012: Introductory Biology - Fall 2004 Instructors: Professor Eric Lander, Professor Robert A. Weinberg, Dr. Claudette Gardel Stem Cell review/cloning Section A. True/False: Circle
More informationDevelopmental Biology 3230 Exam 1 (Feb. 6) NAME
DevelopmentalBiology3230Exam1(Feb.6)NAME 1. (10pts) What is a Fate Map? How would you experimentally acquire the data to draw a Fate Map? Explain what a Fate Map does and does not tell you about the mechanisms
More information5.5. Multicellular Life. Multicellular organisms depend on interactions among different cell types.
5.5 Multiular Life VOCABULARY tissue organ organ system differentiation stem 5b, 5c, 5B examine specialized s, including roots, stems, and leaves of plants; and animal s such as blood, muscle, and epithelium;
More informationc) Assuming he does not run another endurance race, will the steady-state populations be affected one year later? If so, explain how.
LS1a Fall 06 Problem Set #8 (100 points total) all questions including the (*extra*) one should be turned in 1. (18 points) Erythrocytes, mature red blood cells, are essential for transporting oxygen to
More information3. In vitro- Cell culture (IVM, IVF, IVG) GC Class Discussion
No Subject : Cellular Lecturer Note 1. Introduction-Recent dev of. Anim Biotech:Mol-Cell 2 Basic Mol-Cell Laboratory Practice, In vitro. 3 Chromosome Bio-Cell Analysis GC GC Class Discussion Class Discussion
More informationGenetic Technologies
Genetic Technologies Distinguish the terms biotechnology, recombinant DNA technology, transgenic organisms, genetic engineering Understand the two basic techniques to obtain selective fragments of DNA
More informationStem cells in Development
ANAT 2341 Embryology Lab 10 8 Oct 2009 Therapeutic Use of Stem Cells Practical Hurdles & Ethical Issues Stem cells in Development Blastocyst Cord blood Antonio Lee PhD Neuromuscular & Regenerative Medicine
More informationStem cells in Development
ANAT 2341 Embryology Lab 10 8 Oct 2009 Therapeutic Use of Stem Cells Practical Hurdles & Ethical Issues Stem cells in Development Blastocyst Cord blood Antonio Lee PhD Neuromuscular & Regenerative Medicine
More informationGenetic Basis of Development & Biotechnologies
Genetic Basis of Development & Biotechnologies 1. Steps of embryonic development: cell division, morphogenesis, differentiation Totipotency and pluripotency 2. Plant cloning 3. Animal cloning Reproductive
More informationIntroduction This is an exam style question on stem cells that might be useful towards the end of the topic.
Teacher Notes Introduction This is an exam style question on stem cells that might be useful towards the end of the topic. Suggested mark scheme (a) (i) a non-specialised cell any 1 for 1 a cell that can
More informationB5 Growth and development. B5 Growth and development. Question How many different bases are found in DNA?
Q1 How many different bases are found in DNA? Q2 Which DNA bases always pair together? 4 A with T G with C Q3 What is a gene? Q4 What are proteins made of? A gene is a short section of DNA that contains
More informationChapter 11: Applications of Biotechnology
Chapter 11: Applications of Biotechnology Lecture Outline Enger, E. D., Ross, F. C., & Bailey, D. B. (2012). Concepts in biology (14th ed.). New York: McGraw- Hill. 11-1 Why Biotechnology Works 11-2 Biotechnology
More informationBME 177. Engineering stem cells. Gayatri Pal Lecturer Biomolecular Engineering
BME 177 Engineering stem cells Gayatri Pal Lecturer Biomolecular Engineering Introduction Graduated from MCD Biology (Yeast Cell Cycle) -CIRM classes (Introduction to stem cell biology) Post-doc training
More informationCells, Tissues and Organs
Cells, Tissues and Organs You have already learned the basic function of cells, but how do these cells work together to make you the truly amazing organism that you are? Some of the key words you will
More informationStem Cell. Running head: STEM CELL RESEARCH. Stem Cell Research. Student s Name. University Affiliation
1 Running head: STEM CELL RESEARCH Stem Cell Research Student s Name University Affiliation 2 Stem Cell Research Stem cell research is the subject of many current researches and studies all over the world.
More informationTransgenesis. Stable integration of foreign DNA into host genome Foreign DNA is passed to progeny germline transmission
Transgenic Mice Transgenesis Stable integration of foreign DNA into host genome Foreign DNA is passed to progeny germline transmission integrates into all cells including sperm or egg Knockin mice DNA
More informationhpsc Growth Medium DXF Dr. Lorna Whyte
hpsc Growth Medium DXF Dr. Lorna Whyte 27.06.2014 Training from Heidelberg Overview Background: Stem Cells Introduction: Human Pluripotent Stem Cells (hpsc) vs. Adult Stem Cells Promise of PSC Research
More informationDifferentiation. Ahmed Ihab Abdelaziz MD, PhD Associate Prof. Of Molecular Medicine NewGiza University (NGU)
Differentiation Ahmed Ihab Abdelaziz MD, PhD Associate Prof. Of Molecular Medicine NewGiza University (NGU) 1 Developmental Genetics Objectives: Explain how a differentiated cell achieves and maintains
More informationSTEM CELL RESEARCH PRIMER
STEM CELL RESEARCH PRIMER WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT STEM CELLS AND STEM CELL RESEARCH What Stem Cells Are And Why They Are Important Stem cells are the body s very own internal repair system. They are
More informationWhat are the origins of medical practice? Humans have been involved with medical biotechnology
Name: Score: / Quiz 8 on Medical Biotechnology Part 1 What are the origins of medical practice? Humans have been involved with medical biotechnology A. since the cloning of the insulin gene in the 1980s
More informationINTERNATIONAL TURKISH HOPE SCHOOL ACADEMIC YEAR CHITTAGONG SENIOR SECTION BIOLOGY HANDOUT SELECTIVE BREEDING, GM & CLONING CLASS 9 AND 10
INTERNATIONAL TURKISH HOPE SCHOOL 2014 2015 ACADEMIC YEAR CHITTAGONG SENIOR SECTION BIOLOGY HANDOUT SELECTIVE BREEDING, GM & CLONING CLASS 9 AND 10 Name :... Date:... Selective Breeding Selective breeding
More information5.5. Multicellular Life. Multicellular organisms depend on interactions among different cell types.
5.5 Multicellular Life VOCABULARY tissue organ organ system cell differentiation stem cell Key Concept Cells work together to carry out complex functions. MAIN IDEAS Multicellular organisms depend on interactions
More informationDennis M. Sullivan, MD, MA (Ethics) Professor of Biology Director, Center for Bioethics Cedarville University
Dennis M. Sullivan, MD, MA (Ethics) Professor of Biology Director, Center for Bioethics Cedarville University Center Web site: www.cedarville.edu/bioethics E-mail: sullivan@cedarville.edu Cameron: The
More informationWas it supposedly the same process that was used to create Dolly, the cloned sheep?
Follow-up questions from Chairman Mark Souder to, Chair, NIH Stem Cell Task Force and Director, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, following March 6, 2006, hearing of the
More informationGenetic Engineering- GMO S and Clones
Genetic Engineering- GMO S and Clones I) Medical Applications A) Genetic Engineering is unraveling the mysteries of gene function during development and may eventually provide therapies for disease. B)
More informationTHE THERAPEUTIC REALITIES OF STEM CELLS
Ferghana Partners Group is a Life Sciences investment banking house with offices in London and New York. We specialise in creating and executing effective strategic transactions for pharmaceutical, chemical,
More informationLisa Griffin (BSc Hons Biology), David Hughes August 2013
Title Authors Contact Target level Publication date Lisa Griffin (BSc Hons Biology), David Hughes Maggy.fostier@manchester.ac.uk KS4 science, GCSE August 2013 Activity Length Content related to the GCSE
More informationInduced Pluripotent Stem Cell
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell When eventually mastered, the processes involved in the obtaining, cultivating and differencing ESC into cells of clinical interest, another practical limitation should be
More informationProfessor Martin Pera. University of Melbourne Melbourne
Professor Martin Pera University of Melbourne Melbourne Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: The Future is Now Martin Pera University of Southern California University of Melbourne Walter and Eliza Hall Institute
More informationHistorical Background and Scientific Foundations
Human Cloning Biotechnology: In Context, 2012 Introduction A clone is an exact genetic copy. Bacteria and plants can be cloned naturally, but animal cloning is much more difficult. When Dolly the sheep
More informationBiotechnology: Genomics: field that compares the entire DNA content of different organisms
Biotechnology: New Terms Today: Genome Genetic engineering, transgenic organisms, GM food, Reproductive and therapeutic cloning Stem cells, plouripotent, totipotent Gene therapy Genomics: field that compares
More informationMAGNIFICATION? Human Embryonic Stem Cell
Stem Cells: The Silver Lining Behind the Dark Clouds by Fr. Robert Gahl Associate Professor of Ethics Pontifical University of the Holy Cross Human Embryonic Stem Cell MAGNIFICATION? Stem Cells: The Silver
More informationGuided teaching hours: 4 hours
Cell division Chapter overview Guided teaching hours: 4 hours In this chapter, students will learn about the process of cell division and after finishing the chapter should be able to describe the three
More informationIsolation and Characterisation of Putative Ovarian Germ Line Stem Cells
Isolation and Characterisation of Putative Ovarian Germ Line Stem Cells Prof. Evelyn E Telfer Institute of Cell Biology and Centre for Integrative Physiology University of Edinburgh Disclosures Evelyn
More informationTherapeutic Cell Replacement. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Therapeutic Cell Replacement Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Neuronal Death Neurons are lost due to four main causes: Trauma Toxin Hypoxia (typically loss of air or blood
More informationWhat information does the nucleus of a cell contain? Why is it so important? What is a donor animal? Why don t clones grow in the same way?
CLONING- EXERCISES 1 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN YOUR OWN WORDS AS FAR AS POSSIBLE! What information does the nucleus of a cell contain? Why is it so important? What is a donor animal? Why don t
More informationGenetic Technologies.notebook March 05, Genetic Technologies
Genetic Testing Genetic Technologies Tests can be used to diagnose disorders and/or identify those individuals with an increased risk of inheriting a disorder. Prenatal Screening A fetus may be screened
More informationHuman stem cells The perspective of a Catholic physician-scientist
Human stem cells The perspective of a Catholic physician-scientist Jose C. Florez MD, PhD Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Outline Intro on human development What are stem cells?
More information9.4. Genetic Engineering. Entire organisms can be cloned. Web
9.4 Genetic Engineering VOCABULARY clone genetic engineering recombinant DNA plasmid transgenic gene knockout 3D, 3D evaluate the impact of scientific research on society and the environment and 6H describe
More informationCloning For Embryonic Stem Cells
Cloning For Embryonic Stem Cells Defining the Terms Types of cloning - There are three types of cloning: (1) reproductive cloning, (2) therapeutic cloning and (3) recombinant DNA technology or gene cloning.
More informationThe Genetic Basis of Development
Chapter 21 The Genetic Basis of Development Overview: From Single Cell to Multicellular Organism The application of genetic analysis and DNA technology Has revolutionized the study of development PowerPoint
More informationRecombinant DNA. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview Recombinant DNA
Lesson Overview 15.2 Finding Genes In 1987, Douglas Prasher, a biologist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute in Massachusetts, wanted to find a specific gene in a jellyfish that codes for a molecule
More informationBiotech Applications Nucleic acid therapeutics, Antibiotics, Transgenics. BIT 220 End of Chapter 22 (Snustad/Simmons)
Biotech Applications Nucleic acid therapeutics, Antibiotics, Transgenics BIT 220 End of Chapter 22 (Snustad/Simmons) Nucleic Acids as Therapeutic Agents Many diseases (cancer, inflammatory diseases) from
More informationPresenter: Teresa Holm
Slides are from Level 3 Biology Course Content Day, 7 th November 2012 Presenter: Teresa Holm Teachers are free to use these for teaching purposes with appropriate acknowledgement Human Stem cells Dr Teresa
More informationTherapeutic Cell Replacement. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Therapeutic Cell Replacement Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Coffee Hour Wednesday (Dec 13) Thursday (Dec 14) Friday (Dec 15) 9:00-10:00am Surdyk s Café in
More informationSTEM CELL RESEARCH MEDICAL REVOLUTION OR ETHICAL DILEMMA? BY LAURA HOBBS NATALIE KSEIB. Word count: Approx 2100
STEM CELL RESEARCH MEDICAL REVOLUTION OR ETHICAL DILEMMA? BY LAURA HOBBS NATALIE KSEIB Word count: Approx 2100 Grade awarded June 2006: PASS WITH MERIT RESEARCH PAPER BASED ON PATHOLOGY LECTURES AT MEDLINK
More informationStem cells and the ethics of therapeu3c cloning
PH427 Week 6 (Lent Term 2014) Stem cells and the ethics of therapeu3c cloning Stephan Gu6nger, CPNSS, LSE s.m.gue6nger@lse.ac.uk Goals of this lecture: A) Understand the biology of stem cells: You know
More informationPage 3. 18) The diagram below illustrates some key steps of a procedure in one area of biotechnology.
Name: 1117 1 Page 1 1) A small amount of DNA was taken from a fossil of a mammoth found frozen in glacial ice. Genetic technology can be used to produce a large quantity of identical DNA from this mammoth's
More informationDaily Agenda. Make Checklist: Think Time Replication, Transcription, and Translation Quiz Mutation Notes Download Gene Screen for ipad
Daily Agenda Make Checklist: Think Time Replication, Transcription, and Translation Quiz Mutation Notes Download Gene Screen for ipad Genetic Engineering Students will be able to exemplify ways that introduce
More informationIf you had 3 clones, what would you get them to do?! Aim high: How would you clone yourself?!
If you had 3 clones, what would you get them to do?! Aim high: How would you clone yourself?! Genetic engineering Genetic and environmental differences B1.6 Variation Inheritance Types of reproduction
More informationAdult Stem Cells for Chronic Pain. Dr. John Hughes, DO January 24 th, 2018
Adult Stem Cells for Chronic Pain Dr. John Hughes, DO January 24 th, 2018 Dr. John Hughes, DO Doctor of Osteopathy From Georgia Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine - 2007 Aspen Integrative Medicine
More information