PCB Fa Falll l2012
|
|
- Rosalind Singleton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 PCB 5065 Fall 2012 Molecular Markers
2 Bassi and Monet (2008) Morphological Markers
3 Cai et al. (2010) JoVE Cytogenetic Markers
4 Boskovic and Tobutt, 1998 Isozyme Markers
5
6 What Makes a Good DNA Marker? High level of polymorphism multi allelic Exhibit codominance (heterozygote can be distinguished)
7 What Makes a Good DNA Marker? Locus specific Even and frequent distribution over the genome Easy detection/visualization methods High repeatability Scalable for high throughput genotyping Low development and operational costs
8 Xu, 2010 Molecular Plant Breeding How Do Markers Arise?
9 Xu, 2010 Molecular Plant Breeding How Do Markers Arise?
10 Xu, 2010 Molecular Plant Breeding How Do Markers Arise?
11 Markers Where would you find a perfect marker? Functional i l Marker k Buchanan et al, 2000, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology of Plants
12 Hybridization Based Markers Require prior sequence knowledge for probe development PCR not necessary
13 RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) Botsteinet et al. (1980) Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment lengthpolymorphisms. Amer. J. Hum. Genet. 32: Watson et al., 2008 Recombinant DNA
14 Restriction Enzymes EcoRI 5..ACGTGAATTCACTG TGCACTTAAGTGAC base recognition site 4 6 (4,096) average cut site frequency A 100 Mb genome (100,000,000 base pairs) would have over 24,000 fragments
15 RFLP Genomic DNA digested with one or more restriction enzymes Probes (the actual markers in this case) are developed fromest libraries Probes tend to be conserved = repeatability Need lots of high quality DNA
16 Hosaka and Spooner, 1992 RFLP
17 PCR Based Markers 1. Require prior sequence knowledge for primer development 2. Use arbitrary sequences to prime multiple loci in the genome
18 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) Also known as: Microsatellites Short Tandem Repeats Agarwal et al., 2008
19 SSR Repeated units of nucleotide motifs < 10bp Examples: (CA)n, (AAT)n, (GATA)n Widely distributed in eukaryotic genomes High level of allelic variation Hypervariable DNA strand mis pairing ii during replication Primers designed from unique sequence in flanking regions
20 Ellegren, 2004 SSR
21 SSR Marker CMTm120 (C. moschata) ct repeat motif Marker CMTm009 (C. moschata) aag + at repeat motif
22 SSR SSR sites are typically identified from genomic or cdna libraries: Hybridize clones with labeled oligonucleotide containing the SSR motif Sequence positive clones Design primers from flanking regions Often work in related ltdspecies
23 SSR Silver stained Polyacrylamide gel Parental survey for allele differences
24 SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism)
25 SNP Most common type of sequence variation available for markers Estimate of 1 SNP every bp in eukaryotes Most SNPs are identified from genomic sequence or EST libraries Number of SNP markers possible makes genotyping challenging
26 SNP Genotyping Examples Low throughput Allele specific PCR amplification High throughput Many methods, constantly being improved Differential hybridization Enzymatic reactions (primer extension or y (p DNA ligation)
27 Chagne et al., 2007 SNP Genotyping Examples
28 SNP Genotyping Examples 3 unique oligos are designed for each SNP site 3 rd oligo has a unique identifier ifi that allows multiplexing Shen et al., 2005
29 Ding and Jin, 2009 SNP Genotyping Examples
30 PCR Based Methods 1. Require prior sequence knowledge for primer development 2 U bit t i 2. Use arbitrary sequences to prime multiple loci in the genome
31 RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) Utilizes small primers of arbitrary sequence 10 base pair (10 mer) is common Primers vary in GC content Primers should bind to many different sites in the genome When two primers bind within ~3000 bp in the correct orientation for PCR, amplification will occur Williams et al., 1990
32 AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) Proprietary technology (Keygene) AFLP combines restriction digestion with arbitrary primer amplification Best of RFLP and RAPD techniques No prior sequencing needed dd High level of polymorphism p for each selective primer combination Vos et al., 1995
33 RAPD and AFLP RAPD markers often have reproducibility issues AFLP markers are combine the best of RAPD and RFLP methods Both RAPD and AFLP markers opened genomics to all species
34 AFLP EcoRI+AC and MseI +CTA
35 Schlotterer, 2004
36 Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery and applications of SNP genotyping in nonmodel organisms Molecular Ecology Resources pages 1 8, 17 FEB 2011 DOI: /j x x/full#f1
37 Conclusions Many types of molecular markers available, non are ideal Type(s) chosen for use will depend on many factors As sequencing costs become lower, random markers are less desirable Polymorphism is necessary for genetic mapping and screening, but not for physical mapping
Authors: Vivek Sharma and Ram Kunwar
Molecular markers types and applications A genetic marker is a gene or known DNA sequence on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species. Why we need Molecular Markers There will be
More informationMarker types. Potato Association of America Frederiction August 9, Allen Van Deynze
Marker types Potato Association of America Frederiction August 9, 2009 Allen Van Deynze Use of DNA Markers in Breeding Germplasm Analysis Fingerprinting of germplasm Arrangement of diversity (clustering,
More informationSolCAP. Executive Commitee : David Douches Walter De Jong Robin Buell David Francis Alexandra Stone Lukas Mueller AllenVan Deynze
SolCAP Solanaceae Coordinated Agricultural Project Supported by the National Research Initiative Plant Genome Program of USDA CSREES for the Improvement of Potato and Tomato Executive Commitee : David
More informationIntroduction to some aspects of molecular genetics
Introduction to some aspects of molecular genetics Julius van der Werf (partly based on notes from Margaret Katz) University of New England, Armidale, Australia Genetic and Physical maps of the genome...
More informationLecture 12. Genomics. Mapping. Definition Species sequencing ESTs. Why? Types of mapping Markers p & Types
Lecture 12 Reading Lecture 12: p. 335-338, 346-353 Lecture 13: p. 358-371 Genomics Definition Species sequencing ESTs Mapping Why? Types of mapping Markers p.335-338 & 346-353 Types 222 omics Interpreting
More informationUsing molecular marker technology in studies on plant genetic diversity Final considerations
Using molecular marker technology in studies on plant genetic diversity Final considerations Copyright: IPGRI and Cornell University, 2003 Final considerations 1 Contents! When choosing a technique...!
More informationMICROSATELLITE MARKER AND ITS UTILITY
Your full article ( between 500 to 5000 words) - - Do check for grammatical errors or spelling mistakes MICROSATELLITE MARKER AND ITS UTILITY 1 Prasenjit, D., 2 Anirudha, S. K. and 3 Mallar, N.K. 1,2 M.Sc.(Agri.),
More informationComparative study of EST-SSR, SSR, RAPD, and ISSR and their transferability analysis in pea, chickpea and mungbean
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. IV, Issue 2/ May 2016 ISSN 2286-4822 www.euacademic.org Impact Factor: 3.4546 (UIF) DRJI Value: 5.9 (B+) Comparative study of EST-SSR, SSR, RAPD, and ISSR and their transferability
More informationMolecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 11: Recombinant DNA
Molecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 11: Recombinant DNA Question No. 1 of 10 1. Which of the following statements about the sources of DNA used for molecular cloning is correct? Question #1 (A) cdna
More informationMidterm 1 Results. Midterm 1 Akey/ Fields Median Number of Students. Exam Score
Midterm 1 Results 10 Midterm 1 Akey/ Fields Median - 69 8 Number of Students 6 4 2 0 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101 Exam Score Quick review of where we left off Parental type: the
More informationSELECTED TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS IN MOLECULAR GENETICS
SELECTED TECHNIQUES APPLICATIONS IN MOLECULAR GENETICS Restriction Enzymes 15.1.1 The Discovery of Restriction Endonucleases p. 420 2 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 Assigned Reading in Snustad 6th ed. 14.1.1 The Discovery
More informationMolecular Marker Techniques: A Review
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Special Issue-6 pp. 816-825 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Review Article Molecular Marker Techniques: A Review
More informationChapter 5. Structural Genomics
Chapter 5. Structural Genomics Contents 5. Structural Genomics 5.1. DNA Sequencing Strategies 5.1.1. Map-based Strategies 5.1.2. Whole Genome Shotgun Sequencing 5.2. Genome Annotation 5.2.1. Using Bioinformatic
More informationMOLECULAR TYPING TECHNIQUES
MOLECULAR TYPING TECHNIQUES RATIONALE Used for: Identify the origin of a nosocomial infection Identify transmission of disease between individuals Recognise emergence of a hypervirulent strain Recognise
More informationINTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS
ORIGINAL: English DATE: October 21, 2010 INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS GENEVA E GUIDELINES FOR DNA-PROFILING: MOLECULAR MARKER SELECTION AND DATABASE CONSTRUCTION (
More informationInternational Training Course on Maize Molecular Breeding April 5 16, 2010, CIMMYT, El Batan, México. ccmaize
International Training Course on Maize Molecular Breeding April 5 16, 2010, CIMMYT, El Batan, México Choice of Marker Systems and Genotyping Platforms Yunbi Xu International Maize and Wheat Improvement
More informationPCR. What is PCR? What is PCR? Why chain? What is PCR? Why Polymerase?
What is PCR? PCR the swiss army knife Claudia Stäubert, Institute for biochemistry PCR is an exponentially progressing synthesis of the defined target DNA sequences in vitro. It was invented in 1983 by
More informationConcepts: What are RFLPs and how do they act like genetic marker loci?
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) -1 Readings: Griffiths et al: 7th Edition: Ch. 12 pp. 384-386; Ch.13 pp404-407 8th Edition: pp. 364-366 Assigned Problems: 8th Ch. 11: 32, 34, 38-39 7th
More informationCourse Syllabus for FISH/CMBL 7660 Fall 2008
Course Syllabus for FISH/CMBL 7660 Fall 2008 Course title: Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Course number: FISH 7660/CMBL7660 Instructor: Dr. John Liu Room: 303 Swingle Hall Lecture: 8:00-9:15 a.m.
More informationComputational Biology I LSM5191
Computational Biology I LSM5191 Lecture 5 Notes: Genetic manipulation & Molecular Biology techniques Broad Overview of: Enzymatic tools in Molecular Biology Gel electrophoresis Restriction mapping DNA
More informationBIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.20 - BIOTECHNOLOGY.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: DNA CLONING DNA cloning is a technique that inserts a foreign gene into a living host to replicate the gene and produce gene products. Transformation the process by which
More informationPCR Techniques. By Ahmad Mansour Mohamed Alzohairy. Department of Genetics, Zagazig University,Zagazig, Egypt
PCR Techniques By Ahmad Mansour Mohamed Alzohairy Department of Genetics, Zagazig University,Zagazig, Egypt 2005 PCR Techniques ISSR PCR Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) By Ahmad Mansour Mohamed Alzohairy
More informationINTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS GENEVA
E BMT Guidelines (proj.4) ORIGINAL: English DATE: December 21, 2005 INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS GENEVA GUIDELINES FOR DNA-PROFILING: MOLECULAR MARKER SELECTION AND
More informationGENETICS EXAM 3 FALL a) is a technique that allows you to separate nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) by size.
Student Name: All questions are worth 5 pts. each. GENETICS EXAM 3 FALL 2004 1. a) is a technique that allows you to separate nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) by size. b) Name one of the materials (of the two
More informationFactors affecting PCR
Lec. 11 Dr. Ahmed K. Ali Factors affecting PCR The sequences of the primers are critical to the success of the experiment, as are the precise temperatures used in the heating and cooling stages of the
More informationB. Incorrect! Ligation is also a necessary step for cloning.
Genetics - Problem Drill 15: The Techniques in Molecular Genetics No. 1 of 10 1. Which of the following is not part of the normal process of cloning recombinant DNA in bacteria? (A) Restriction endonuclease
More informationDepartment of Biotechnology. Molecular Markers. In plant breeding. Nitin Swamy
Department of Biotechnology Molecular Markers Nitin Swamy In plant breeding 17 1. Introduction Molecular breeding (MB) may be defined in a broad-sense as the use of genetic manipulation performed at DNA
More informationI.1 The Principle: Identification and Application of Molecular Markers
I.1 The Principle: Identification and Application of Molecular Markers P. Langridge and K. Chalmers 1 1 Introduction Plant breeding is based around the identification and utilisation of genetic variation.
More informationChapter 8: Recombinant DNA. Ways this technology touches us. Overview. Genetic Engineering
Chapter 8 Recombinant DNA and Genetic Engineering Genetic manipulation Ways this technology touches us Criminal justice The Justice Project, started by law students to advocate for DNA testing of Death
More informationBENG 183 Trey Ideker. Genotyping. To be covered in one 1.5 hr lecture
BENG 183 Trey Ideker Genotyping To be covered in one 1.5 hr lecture Genetic variation: Some basic definitions Allele Alternative form of a genetic locus inherited separately from each parent Polymorphism
More informationBIO 202 Midterm Exam Winter 2007
BIO 202 Midterm Exam Winter 2007 Mario Chevrette Lectures 10-14 : Question 1 (1 point) Which of the following statements is incorrect. a) In contrast to prokaryotic DNA, eukaryotic DNA contains many repetitive
More informationRFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) In molecular biology, the term restriction fragment length polymorphism, or RFLP, (commonly pronounced rif-lip
More informationExam 2 CSS/Hort 430/
1 Exam 2 CSS/Hort 430/530 2012 1. In a deoxyribonucleotide, 5 and 3 refer to the a. start site for transcription. b. start site for translation. c. carbons where (respectively) the pyrimidine and purine
More informationLecture 8: Sequencing and SNP. Sept 15, 2006
Lecture 8: Sequencing and SNP Sept 15, 2006 Announcements Random questioning during literature discussion sessions starts next week for real! Schedule changes Moved QTL lecture up Removed landscape genetics
More informationMolecular Genetics Techniques. BIT 220 Chapter 20
Molecular Genetics Techniques BIT 220 Chapter 20 What is Cloning? Recombinant DNA technologies 1. Producing Recombinant DNA molecule Incorporate gene of interest into plasmid (cloning vector) 2. Recombinant
More informationChapter 15 Gene Technologies and Human Applications
Chapter Outline Chapter 15 Gene Technologies and Human Applications Section 1: The Human Genome KEY IDEAS > Why is the Human Genome Project so important? > How do genomics and gene technologies affect
More informationGene Tagging with Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers for Molecular Breeding in Plants
Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 20(3):251 275 (2001) Gene Tagging with Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers for Molecular Breeding in Plants S. A. Ranade, * Nuzhat Farooqui, Esha Bhattacharya,
More informationMolecular studies (SSR) for screening of genetic variability among direct regenerants of sugarcane clone NIA-98
Molecular studies (R) for screening of genetic variability among direct regenerants of sugarcane clone NIA-98 Dr. Imtiaz A. Khan Pr. cientist / PI sugarcane and molecular marker group NIA-2012 NIA-2010
More informationMapping and Mapping Populations
Mapping and Mapping Populations Types of mapping populations F 2 o Two F 1 individuals are intermated Backcross o Cross of a recurrent parent to a F 1 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs; F 2 -derived lines)
More informationGDMS Templates Documentation GDMS Templates Release 1.0
GDMS Templates Documentation GDMS Templates Release 1.0 1 Table of Contents 1. SSR Genotyping Template 03 2. DArT Genotyping Template... 05 3. SNP Genotyping Template.. 08 4. QTL Template.. 09 5. Map Template..
More informationRFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Various endonucleases: 6 cutters and 4 cutters Enzyme Source Recognition Sequence Cut EcoRI Escherichia coli 5'GAATTC 5'---G/AATTC---3' EcoRII Escherichia
More informationMultiple choice questions (numbers in brackets indicate the number of correct answers)
1 Multiple choice questions (numbers in brackets indicate the number of correct answers) February 1, 2013 1. Ribose is found in Nucleic acids Proteins Lipids RNA DNA (2) 2. Most RNA in cells is transfer
More informationApplicazioni biotecnologiche
Applicazioni biotecnologiche Analisi forense Sintesi di proteine ricombinanti Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) Polymorphism (more fully genetic polymorphism) refers to the simultaneous occurrence
More informationGenetic Identity. Steve Harris SPASH - Biotechnology
Genetic Identity Steve Harris SPASH - Biotechnology Comparison of Organisms ORGANISM GENES BASE PAIRS Lambda Phage 40 50,000 E.coli 400 5,000,000 Yeast 13,000 15,000,000 Human 20,000 3,000,000,000 (3 billion)
More informationUsing mutants to clone genes
Using mutants to clone genes Objectives: 1. What is positional cloning? 2. What is insertional tagging? 3. How can one confirm that the gene cloned is the same one that is mutated to give the phenotype
More informationRestriction Enzymes (endonucleases)
In order to understand and eventually manipulate DNA (human or otherwise) an array of DNA technologies have been developed. Here are some of the tools: Restriction Enzymes (endonucleases) In order to manipulate
More information2/2/16. Insulin and sugar metabolism. A Molecular Genetics Toolbox I: Tools to clone, amplify, analyze and sequence DNA
1. Cold Spring Harbor Labs Learning Centre A Molecular Genetics Toolbox I: Tools to clone, amplify, analyze and sequence DNA 2 Molecular Biology of the Gene (Watson et al.l 6 th (International) Edition
More informationMap-Based Cloning of Qualitative Plant Genes
Map-Based Cloning of Qualitative Plant Genes Map-based cloning using the genetic relationship between a gene and a marker as the basis for beginning a search for a gene Chromosome walking moving toward
More informationRecombinant DNA Technology Assignment. Types Of Molecular Markers
Recombinant DNA Technology Assignment Types Of Molecular Markers UE101071 (Sukhman Kaur Gill) UE101072 (Swati Sharma) UE101073 (Tanveer Singh Chawla) UE101075 (Udit Narula) UE101076 (Ujjal Didar Singh)
More informationRecombinant DNA Technology Assignment. Types Of Molecular Markers
Recombinant DNA Technology Assignment Types Of Molecular Markers UE101071 (Sukhman Kaur Gill) UE101072 (Swati Sharma) UE101073 (Tanveer Singh Chawla) UE101075 (Udit Narula) UE101076 (Ujjal Didar Singh)
More informationChapter 20 DNA Technology & Genomics. If we can, should we?
Chapter 20 DNA Technology & Genomics If we can, should we? Biotechnology Genetic manipulation of organisms or their components to make useful products Humans have been doing this for 1,000s of years plant
More informationTaxonomy. Classification of microorganisms 3/12/2017. Is the study of classification. Chapter 10 BIO 220
Taxonomy Is the study of classification Organisms are classified based on relatedness to each other Chapter 10 BIO 220 Fig. 10.1 1 Species Binomial nomenclature for species identification A eukaryotic
More informationYour name: BSCI410-LIU/Spring 2007 Homework #2 Due March 27 (Tu), 07
BSCI410-LIU/Spring 2007 Homework #2 Due March 27 (Tu), 07 KEY 1. What are each of the following molecular markers? (Indicate (a) what they stand for; (b) the nature of the molecular polymorphism and (c)
More informationINTRA-VARIETAL GENETIC VARIABILITY IN SOME ITALIAN MALVASIAS. Meneghetti S., Costacurta A., Calò A.
INTRA-VARIETAL GENETIC VARIABILITY IN SOME ITALIAN MALVASIAS Meneghetti S., Costacurta A., Calò A. 1) The grapevine variability (morphology, physiology) was observed since the Romans 2) Italy, for example,
More informationBiotechnology Chapter 20
Biotechnology Chapter 20 DNA Cloning DNA Cloning AKA Plasmid-based transformation or molecular cloning First off-let s sum up what happens. A plasmid is taken from a bacteria A gene is inserted into the
More informationGENE MAPPING. Genetica per Scienze Naturali a.a prof S. Presciuttini
GENE MAPPING Questo documento è pubblicato sotto licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione Non commerciale Condividi allo stesso modo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/deed.it Genetic mapping
More informationChapter 20 Recombinant DNA Technology. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 20 Recombinant DNA Technology Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 20.1 Recombinant DNA Technology Began with Two Key Tools: Restriction Enzymes and DNA Cloning Vectors Recombinant DNA refers
More informationSTUDY OF VNTR HUMAN POLYMORPHISMS BY PCR
STUDY OF VNTR HUMAN POLYMORPHISMS BY PCR Ref. PCR1 1. OBJECTIVE OF THE EXPERIMENT The objective of this experiment is to introduce students to the principles and practice of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
More informationMutations during meiosis and germ line division lead to genetic variation between individuals
Mutations during meiosis and germ line division lead to genetic variation between individuals Types of mutations: point mutations indels (insertion/deletion) copy number variation structural rearrangements
More informationJournal Club & MSc Seminar
Journal Club & MSc Seminar 2 The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was not a discovery, but rather an invention A special DNA polymerase (Taq) is used to make many copies of a short length of DNA (100-10,000
More informationBIOTECHNOLOGY. Sticky & blunt ends. Restriction endonucleases. Gene cloning an overview. DNA isolation & restriction
BIOTECHNOLOGY RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY Recombinant DNA technology involves sticking together bits of DNA from different sources. Made possible because DNA & the genetic code are universal. 2004 Biology
More informationMolecular markers in plant breeding
Molecular markers in plant breeding Jumbo MacDonald et al., MAIZE BREEDERS COURSE Palace Hotel Arusha, Tanzania 4 Sep to 16 Sep 2016 Molecular Markers QTL Mapping Association mapping GWAS Genomic Selection
More informationBiology 105: Introduction to Genetics PRACTICE FINAL EXAM Part I: Definitions. Homology: Reverse transcriptase. Allostery: cdna library
Biology 105: Introduction to Genetics PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 2006 Part I: Definitions Homology: Reverse transcriptase Allostery: cdna library Transformation Part II Short Answer 1. Describe the reasons for
More informationResearch techniques in genetics. Medical genetics, 2017.
Research techniques in genetics Medical genetics, 2017. Techniques in Genetics Cloning (genetic recombination or engineering ) Genome editing tools: - Production of Knock-out and transgenic mice - CRISPR
More informationSept 2. Structure and Organization of Genomes. Today: Genetic and Physical Mapping. Sept 9. Forward and Reverse Genetics. Genetic and Physical Mapping
Sept 2. Structure and Organization of Genomes Today: Genetic and Physical Mapping Assignments: Gibson & Muse, pp.4-10 Brown, pp. 126-160 Olson et al., Science 245: 1434 New homework:due, before class,
More information7 Gene Isolation and Analysis of Multiple
Genetic Techniques for Biological Research Corinne A. Michels Copyright q 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd ISBNs: 0-471-89921-6 (Hardback); 0-470-84662-3 (Electronic) 7 Gene Isolation and Analysis of Multiple
More informationRecombinant DNA Libraries and Forensics
MIT Department of Biology 7.014 Introductory Biology, Spring 2005 A. Library construction Recombinant DNA Libraries and Forensics Recitation Section 18 Answer Key April 13-14, 2005 Recall that earlier
More informationPhenotype analysis: biological-biochemical analysis. Genotype analysis: molecular and physical analysis
1 Genetic Analysis Phenotype analysis: biological-biochemical analysis Behaviour under specific environmental conditions Behaviour of specific genetic configurations Behaviour of progeny in crosses - Genotype
More information13-2 Manipulating DNA Slide 1 of 32
1 of 32 The Tools of Molecular Biology The Tools of Molecular Biology How do scientists make changes to DNA? Scientists use their knowledge of the structure of DNA and its chemical properties to study
More informationB) You can conclude that A 1 is identical by descent. Notice that A2 had to come from the father (and therefore, A1 is maternal in both cases).
Homework questions. Please provide your answers on a separate sheet. Examine the following pedigree. A 1,2 B 1,2 A 1,3 B 1,3 A 1,2 B 1,2 A 1,2 B 1,3 1. (1 point) The A 1 alleles in the two brothers are
More informationManipulating DNA. Nucleic acids are chemically different from other macromolecules such as proteins and carbohydrates.
Lesson Overview 14.3 Studying the Human Genome Nucleic acids are chemically different from other macromolecules such as proteins and carbohydrates. Nucleic acids are chemically different from other macromolecules
More informationBiology 445K Winter 2007 DNA Fingerprinting
Biology 445K Winter 2007 DNA Fingerprinting For Friday 3/9 lab: in your lab notebook write out (in bullet style NOT paragraph style) the steps for BOTH the check cell DNA prep and the hair follicle DNA
More informationWhat is DNA? Deoxyribonucleic Acid The inherited genetic material that makes us what we are
DNA Basic Genetics What is DNA? DNA is Deoxyribonucleic Acid The inherited genetic material that makes us what we are DNA in the Cell Human Genome ~3 billion base pairs of DNA 30,000-35,000 genes Population-each
More informationBasics of AFLP and. microsatellite analysis
Basics of AFLP and microsatellite analysis Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Pros: Large number of markers with relatively little lab effort No prior information about genome needed Genome wide overage
More informationPhenotype analysis: biological-biochemical analysis. Genotype analysis: molecular and physical analysis
1 Genetic Analysis Phenotype analysis: biological-biochemical analysis Behaviour under specific environmental conditions Behaviour of specific genetic configurations Behaviour of progeny in crosses - Genotype
More informationBootcamp: Molecular Biology Techniques and Interpretation
Bootcamp: Molecular Biology Techniques and Interpretation Bi8 Winter 2016 Today s outline Detecting and quantifying nucleic acids and proteins: Basic nucleic acid properties Hybridization PCR and Designing
More informationOverview. Background ~30 min. Lab activity ~50 min. DNA profiling Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Gel Electrophoresis PCR
Overview Day 1: Tuesday Introduction to DNA profiling How do we use DNA to solve crimes? Background Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Gel Electrophoresis Set up PCR Day 2: Wednesday Make and Run Agarose
More informationSTANDARD CLONING PROCEDURES. Shotgun cloning (using a plasmid vector and E coli as a host).
STANDARD CLONING PROCEDURES Shotgun cloning (using a plasmid vector and E coli as a host). 1) Digest donor DNA and plasmid DNA with the same restriction endonuclease 2) Mix the fragments together and treat
More informationDNA typing of human cell lines: historical perspective Yvonne Reid, PhD Collection/Research Scientist ATCC Cell Biology
DNA typing of human cell lines: historical perspective Yvonne Reid, PhD Collection/Research Scientist ATCC Cell Biology Outline Molecular techniques for the authentication of human cell lines Mechanism
More informationChapter 17. PCR the polymerase chain reaction and its many uses. Prepared by Woojoo Choi
Chapter 17. PCR the polymerase chain reaction and its many uses Prepared by Woojoo Choi Polymerase chain reaction 1) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): artificial amplification of a DNA sequence by repeated
More informationMolecular Biology (2)
Molecular Biology (2) Restriction endonucleases, RFLP, and gene cloning Mamoun Ahram, PhD Second semester, 2017-2018 Resources This lecture Cooper, pp 120-124 Endonucleases Enzymes that degrade DNA within
More informationMolecular Biology: DNA sequencing
Molecular Biology: DNA sequencing Author: Prof Marinda Oosthuizen Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license. SEQUENCING OF LARGE TEMPLATES As we have seen, we can obtain up to 800 nucleotides
More informationApplication of Biotechnology in DNA Fingerprinting and Forensic Analysis. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Application of Biotechnology in DNA Fingerprinting and Forensic Analysis Introduction to DNA Fingerprinting and Forensics Forensic science intersection of law and science Historic examples Early 1900s
More informationPCR. CSIBD Molecular Genetics Course July 12, 2011 Michael Choi, M.D.
PCR CSIBD Molecular Genetics Course July 12, 2011 Michael Choi, M.D. General Outline of the Lecture I. Background II. Basic Principles III. Detection and Analysis of PCR Products IV. Common Applications
More informationOverview. Introduction
Genetics 101: Introduction Overview Important terminology DNA extraction, gel electrophoresis, PCR Allozymes (Protein electrophoresis) RFLP AFLP Sequencing Microsatellites SNPs Costs, Sample Collection
More informationExisting potato markers and marker conversions. Walter De Jong PAA Workshop August 2009
Existing potato markers and marker conversions Walter De Jong PAA Workshop August 2009 1 What makes for a good marker? diagnostic for trait of interest robust works even with DNA of poor quality or low
More informationGene Expression Technology
Gene Expression Technology Bing Zhang Department of Biomedical Informatics Vanderbilt University bing.zhang@vanderbilt.edu Gene expression Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene
More informationUsing mutants to clone genes
Using mutants to clone genes Objectives 1. What is positional cloning? 2. What is insertional tagging? 3. How can one confirm that the gene cloned is the same one that is mutated to give the phenotype
More informationMolecular Markers CRITFC Genetics Workshop December 9, 2014
Molecular Markers CRITFC Genetics Workshop December 9, 2014 Molecular Markers Tools that allow us to collect information about an individual, a population, or a species Application in fisheries mating
More informationRFLP Method - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
RFLP Method - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism RFLP (often pronounced "rif lip", as if it were a word) is a method used by molecular biologists to follow a particular sequence of DNA as it is passed
More informationMicrosatellite markers
Microsatellite markers Review of repetitive sequences 25% 45% 8% 21% 13% 3% Mobile genetic elements: = dispersed repeat included: transposition: moving in the form of DNA by element coding for transposases.
More informationRADSeq Data Analysis. Through STACKS on Galaxy. Yvan Le Bras Anthony Bretaudeau Cyril Monjeaud Gildas Le Corguillé
RADSeq Data Analysis Through STACKS on Galaxy Yvan Le Bras Anthony Bretaudeau Cyril Monjeaud Gildas Le Corguillé RAD sequencing: next-generation tools for an old problem INTRODUCTION source: Karim Gharbi
More informationEnzyme that uses RNA as a template to synthesize a complementary DNA
Biology 105: Introduction to Genetics PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 2006 Part I: Definitions Homology: Comparison of two or more protein or DNA sequence to ascertain similarities in sequences. If two genes have
More informationGenomic resources. for non-model systems
Genomic resources for non-model systems 1 Genomic resources Whole genome sequencing reference genome sequence comparisons across species identify signatures of natural selection population-level resequencing
More informationChapter 20: Biotechnology
Name Period The AP Biology exam has reached into this chapter for essay questions on a regular basis over the past 15 years. Student responses show that biotechnology is a difficult topic. This chapter
More informationLecture 14 - PCR Applications and Lab Practicum (AMG text pp ) October 9, 2001
Lecture 14 - PCR Applications and Lab Practicum (AMG text pp. 159-169) October 9, 2001 Diagnostic Applications of PCR There are three primary diagnostic applications of PCR: - detecting pathogens using
More informationGenetic linkage map of Cucurbita maxima with molecular and morphological markers
Short Communication Genetic linkage map of Cucurbita maxima with molecular and morphological markers Y. Ge 1,2 *, X. Li 1 *, X.X. Yang 1, C.S. Cui 1 and S.P. Qu 1 1 Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic
More informationWORKING GROUP ON BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES AND DNA PROFILING IN PARTICULAR. Twelfth Session Ottawa, Canada, May 11 to 13, 2010
E BMT/12/9 ORIGINAL: English DATE: April 9, 2010 INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS GENEVA WORKING GROUP ON BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES AND DNA PROFILING IN PARTICULAR
More informationWe are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists. International authors and editors
We are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists 3,350 108,000 1.7 M Open access books available International authors and editors Downloads Our
More information