CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER Bridging the Designer-Manufacturer Gap

Transcription

1 CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER Bridging the Designer-Manufacturer Gap Presented By: Allison Standiford October 4, 2017 Southern California Wood Solutions Fair Disclaimer: This presentation was developed by a third party and is not funded by WoodWorks or the Softwood Lumber Board.

2 The Wood Products Council is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems (AIA/CES), Provider #G516. Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-aia members are available upon request. This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

3 COURSE DESCRIPTION This presentation is intended for building designers interested in the use of cross-laminated timber (CLT) who want to take full advantage of its prefabricated, precise nature and potential for construction savings. Unlike some traditional wood products, interaction with the product manufacturer, on elements such as 3D building models and whole building shop drawings, is important to the design of a successful CLT structure. Topics will include CLT design considerations, including those related to cost efficiency, as well as appropriate spans, thicknesses, applications, and specifications. The design team/manufacturer relationship will also be examined, with an emphasis on what project teams can expect from design through construction, information required by each party, and appropriate outputs (e.g., drawings, calculations, specs).

4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Explain best practices for designing a crosslaminated timber (CLT) building for cost efficiency, addressing items such as spans, thicknesses and specifications. 2. Demonstrate the typical interface between design team and CLT manufacturer on commercial and multi-family projects. 3. Highlight keys to successful CLT project delivery, from drawing coordination to material lead time. 4. Review methods of streamlining the design team s input on CLT projects, focusing on cost efficiency and schedule savings.

5 CLT: THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

6 THE PROCESS TYPICALLY 2X DIMENSION LUMBER MOISTURE CONTENT 12%, +/- 3% VISUALLY OR MACHINE GRADED PLANED FOUR SIDES FINGER-JOINTED END TO END

7 THE PROCESS BOARDS LOADED PERPENDICULAR LAYERS PRESS TIME = 2.5 X GLUE OPEN TIME PRESS CYCLES PANELS REMOVED AND SIT TO CURE PRIOR TO CNC MILLING

8 THE PROCESS LARGE FORMAT CNC LOADED BY FORKLIFT OR OVERHEAD CRANE MILLING TIME IS BASED ON - COMPLEXITY - PANEL THICKNESS - WOOD SPECIES

9 BEST PRACTICES REACH OUT TO A MANUFACTURER EARLY AND OFTEN COME PREPARED WITH YOUR PROJECT SPECIFICS HELP THE MANUFACTURER UNDERSTAND YOUR NEEDS UNDERSTAND THE MANUFACTURER S CAPABILITIES

10 THE ORIGINAL INTENT OF CLT LIGHTER WEIGHT, NOT WEATHER- DEPENDENT REPLACEMENT FOR CONCRETE AND STEEL FULLY ENCAPSULATED, UNEXPOSED THE INHERENT BEAUTY OF CLT LENDS ITSELF TO OTHER UNIQUE APPLICATIONS

11 WE ARE ALL UNIQUE PRESS SIZES PRODUCT CERTIFICATIONS - WOOD SPECIES - LAYUPS - STRENGTH VALUES PLY AND PANEL THICKNESSES SOFTWARE SERVICES

12 WHEN SHOULD YOU REACH OUT TO A MANUFACTURER? EARLY CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

13 YOUR PROJECT WHAT ARE YOU CONSIDERING CLT FOR? FLOOR ROOF WALLS ELEVATOR SHAFTS WHAT WILL CLT HELP YOU ACHIEVE? TIME AND LABOR SAVINGS CLEANER JOBSITE/LESS WASTE SUSTAINABILITY/ENVIRONMENTAL AESTHETICS MATERIAL COST SAVINGS

14 WHAT SHOULD YOU ASK FOR? SPECIFICATION SECTION APA PRG-320 PRODUCT REPORT LOAD AND SPAN TABLES TYPICAL ENGINEERING SCOPE - CONNECTION DETAILS - PANEL DESIGN/CALCS - SHOPS REVIEW DESIGN ASSISTANCE PRODUCT SAMPLES FINISH OPTIONS OFFERED LEAD TIME

15 WHAT CAN YOU DO? PROVIDE AS MUCH INFORMATION AS POSSIBLE: - FULL SET OF DESIGN DOCUMENTS - 3D CAD OR REVIT MODEL PROVIDE A DIMENSIONED CLT PLAN/LAYOUT INCLUDE DESIGN CRITERIA SUCH AS: - SUPERIMPOSED DEAD LOAD - LIVE LOAD - SNOW LOAD - MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT LOAD CLEARLY IDENTIFY DEFFERED SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS PROVIDE A PROJECT MANUAL, SCOPE OF WORK, OR SPECIFICATION SECTION See Reference 3

16 PROJECT REQUIREMENTS WHAT IS REQUIRED FOR THE MANUFACTURER TO COMPLY? BUY AMERICAN ACT? LEED CERTIFIED, SILVER, GOLD, PLATINUM? LIVING BUILDING CHALLENGE DECLARED OR CERTIFIED? IS FSC CERTIFICATION REQUIRED? WILL SFI CHAIN OF CUSTODY CERTIFICATION BE ACCEPTED AS A SUBSTITUTION?

17 LEED CREDIT WITH SFI CoC U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL ALTERNATE COMPLIANCE PATH PILOT PROGRAM LEED 2009 LEED v4 ENABLES SFI CERTIFIED WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR LEED CREDIT

18 LEED CREDIT WITH SFI CoC IN ORDER TO COUNT TOWARD A LEED POINT, THE USER MUST FIRST KNOW THAT: % OF THE FOREST PRODUCTS ARE FROM LEGAL SOURCES (NON-CONTROVERSIAL) 2. 70% FROM RESPONSIBLE SOURCES 3. THE REMAINEDER MUST BE FROM CERTIFIED SOURCES AS EVIDENCED BY CHAIN OF CUSTODY CERTIFICATION (CoC)

19 LEED CREDIT WITH SFI CoC LEED v4 SOURCING OF RAW MATERIALS CREDIT RESPONSIBLE EXTRACTION SOURCING CRITERIA USE AT LEAST 25% (BASED ON COST) OF PERMANENTLY INSTALLED BUILDING MATERIALS THAT MEET ONE OF THE FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS: - EXTENDED PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY (EPR) - BIO-BASED MATERIALS - REUSED MATERIALS - WOOD PRODUCTS- SOURCED FROM CERTIFIED SOURCES (SFI CoC!)

20 PROJECT CONSIDERATIONS

21 PROJECT LOCATION MANUFACTURER LOCATION SHIPPING DISTANCE LOGISTICS LABOR FORCE

22 PROJECT LOCATION IS YOUR PROJECT LOCATED IN A HIGH SEISMIC AREA? ARE THERE HIGH WINDS TO CONSIDER? HEAVY SNOW LOADS?

23 WOOD SPECIES REGIONALLY AVAILABLE LUMBER SOURCE SOFTWOOD VS. HARDWOOD SPECIFYING A CERTIFIED LUMBER SPECIES MAY LEAVE YOU WITH ONLY ONE MANUFACTURER

24 WOOD SPECIES

25 APA PRG CERTIFICATION WHAT IS PRG-320 AND WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? IS A PRODUCT CERTIFICATION REQUIRED FOR YOUR PROJECT? WHAT ARE THE MANUFACTURER S CERTIFIED LAYUPS AND WHAT ARE THEIR APPLICATIONS? See Reference 3

26 ANSI/APA PRG CERTIFIED LAYUPS 3 Ply ALT Concentrated strength in the long axis LIGHT BEARING AND NON-BEARING WALLS 4 Ply MAXX Equal strength in the both axes WALLS/SHORT FLOOR SPANS/TYPICAL ROOF SPANS 5 Ply ALT Concentrated strength in the long axis HEAVY BEARING WALLS/SHORT FLOOR SPANS/NORMAL ROOF SPANS 5 Ply MAXX Concentrated strength in the long axis SHORT FLOOR SPANS/NORMAL ROOF SPANS 7 Ply ALT Concentrated strength in the long axis LONGER FLOOR SPANS/LONGER ROOF SPANS 7 Ply MAXX Concentrated strength in the long axis LONGER FLOOR SPANS/LONGER ROOF SPANS 9 Ply ALT Concentrated strength in the long axis LONGEST FLOOR SPANS/LONGEST ROOF SPANS 9 Ply MAXX Concentrated strength in the long axis LONGEST FLOOR SPANS/LONGEST ROOF SPANS

27 CODE MANUFACTURER S PRELIMINARY ENGINEERING EVALUATION WHERE HAS CLT BEEN SUCCESSFULLY USED IN YOUR JURISDICTION? 2015 IBC, LOCAL CALIFORNIA CODE 2016 CBC WHAT IS THE CLT ENTRY POINT PER CURRENT CODE?

28 ALTERNATE MEANS AND METHODS STAR MILL- AMERICAN FORK, UTAH 2012 IBC JURISDICTION OR OLDER CLT NOT OUTLINED IN CODE SMARTLAM PROVIDED: ENGINEERING REVIEW PANEL DESIGN AND CALCS SHOP DRAWINGS CONNECTION DETAILS NO DEFERRED STAMPED SUBMITTAL

29 WHAT IS THE TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION? WHAT IS THE FIRE RATING? WHAT TESTING/ CERTIFICATION IS REQUIRED? DO YOU PLAN TO LEAVE THE CLT EXPOSED? FIRE RATINGS

30 See Reference 14

31 FIRE CHAR CALCULATIONS National Design Specification for Wood Construction 2015 Edition Chapter 16 CLT Design Handbook Chapter 8 Figure 7

32 HOW CAN YOU REACH THE REQUIRED STC AND IIC RATINGS FOR YOUR PROJECT? WHAT TESTING HAS THE MANUFACTURER DONE THAT IS SPECIFIC TO THEIR PRODUCT? WHAT ASSEMBLY IS RIGHT FOR YOUR PROJECT? SOUND

33 SOUND See Reference 17 CODE MINIMUM= NOT LESS THAN 50, 45 IF FIELD TESTED ACCEPTABLE VERSES PREFERRED LAB TESTING IS TYPICALLY 3-5 POINTS HIGHER THAN FIELD TESTING

34 UNDERSTANDING CLT COSTS

35 UNDERSTANDING CLT COSTS HOW DO I GET THE BEST BANG FOR MY BUCK WITH CLT? q q q q q q q q PRG-320 CERTIFICATION FSC/SFI CHAIN OF CUSTODY CERTIFIED FIRE TESTING SOUNDS TESTING WOOD SPECIES SERVICES PROXIMITY TO PROJECT LOCATION LEAD TIME/AVAILABILITY TO DELIVER ON YOUR TIMELINE

36 UNDERSTANDING CLT COSTS LARGEST PANEL IS A 10 X 40 MOST EFFICIENT PANEL IS A 10 X 40 LEAST EFFICIENT PANEL IS A 6 X 21

37 PANEL SIZE = EFFICIENCY = COST 6 x x 40

38 CNC MILLING COMPLEXITY = MILLING TIME = COST

39 UNDERSTANDING CLT COSTS BUILDING LIFECYCLE COSTS VERSES A COST PER SQUARE FOOT DEVELOPER BUILD AND HOLD MODEL RATHER THAN BUILD AND FLIP EACH PROJECT IS UNIQUE AND WILL HAVE ITS OWN COST PARAMETERS TO EVALUTE

40 PROJECT DELIVERY

41 COORDINATION WITH OTHER TRADES GLULAM MANUFACTURER STEEL FABRICATOR MECHANICAL/ELECTRICAL/PLUMBING CONCRETE: EXTREMELY IMPORTANT! - CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS MUST BE SQUARE AND LEVEL - CONTRACTOR PERFORMS A FOUNDATION SURVEY - SUPPLIES AS BUILT DIMENSIONS TO MANUFACTURER

42 SHIPPING & LOGISTICS LEGAL LOAD OVER-DIMENSIONAL SUPER WIDE LOADS STATE ESCORT + $$ POLICE ESCORT + $$$$

43 SHIPPING & LOGISTICS LOAD SEQUENCING AND INSTALLATION PICKING DIRECTLY FROM TRUCK OR STAGING ONSITE TRUCK HOLD TIME CRANE TIME

44 INSTALLATION INFORMATION TO SHARE: SITE PLAN CRANE PLACEMENT WHERE ARE YOU STARTING? HOW ARE YOU LIFTING? QUESTIONS TO ASK: LIFTING HARDWARE OPTIONS PICK POINT LOCATION INCREASING SPEED ONSITE

45 INSTALLATION METRICS 3-4 CREW MEMBERS 1 CRANE OPERATOR 30 MINUTES PER PANEL 3 PANELS IN PROCESS AT ALL TIMES - ONE BEING FASTENED - ONE FLYING INTO PLACE - ONE BEING PREPPED FOR LIFTING

46 CASE STUDIES

47 TRANSPORTATION CENTER MAIN STRUCTURE: WALLS FLOORS ROOF SHAFTS FEATURE STAIR 260 CLT PANELS BUS BAY CANOPY: 44 CLT PANELS

48 TRANSPORTATION CENTER CHALLENGES: #1 COMMUNICATION BUY AMERICAN ACT PROJECT BASIS OF DESIGN NOT U.S. CERTIFIED 9 PLY PANEL FOUNDATION ISSUES WOOD SPECIES

49 TRANSPORTATION CENTER RESULT: COMMUNICATION MULTIPLE RFIs EXTENDED SHOPS DEVELOPMENT STAGE PANEL THICKNESSES CHANGES APA CERTIFICATION FOUNDATION ALTERATIONS SCHEDULE DELAYS FRUSTRATION

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51 SLIVER PROJECT- TULSA, OK APPROXIMATELY 54,000 SF 8 STORIES CLT FLOORS, WALLS, ROOF DESIGN TEAM REACHED OUT TO A SPECIFIC MANUFACTURER IN EARLY CONCEPTUAL DESIGN CONDUCTED AN EFFICIENCY STUDY BASED ON THE MANUFACTURER S RECOMMENDATIONS AND CAPABILITIES RECOGNIZED THAT MAXIMIZING PANEL SIZES MINIMIZES PRESS AND CNC MILLING TIME See Reference 26

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54 CONVERSATION PLINTH- COLUMBUS, INDIANA COMMUNICATION IS KEY COMMUNICATION OF GOALS COMMUNICATION OF CAPABILITIES COMMUNICATION OF EXPECTATIONS COMMUNICATION OF SUCCESS

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57 BEST PRACTICES REACH OUT TO A MANUFACTURER EARLY AND OFTEN COME PREPARED WITH YOUR PROJECT SPECIFICS HELP THE MANUFACTURER UNDERSTAND YOUR NEEDS UNDERSTAND THE MANUFACTURER S CAPABILITIES

58 QUESTIONS? Allison Standiford Architectural Sales & Project Management SmartLam, LLC. (406)

59 REFERENCES Commerce/Brewery Lofts- Developed by Horizon Partners, FLYNN Architecture (pg.152) 15. fig.7) Photo courtesy pf Garco Construction 24. Photos/Design courtesy of David Stahl, Principal, Cunningham Group Architecture, Inc., special thanks Photo courtesy of Goodfellow, Inc., Ontario, special thanks. 29. Photo/Design credit- Jacobs/TCC Enterprises-Greenville TAC, special thanks. 30. YOUR PROJECT: Photo/Design credit- IKD, Yugon Kim- Columbus Indiana Conversation Plinth, special thanks.