2013/SCSC/WKSP1/004 How Standards Are Developed to Support Needs in Building Codes
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1 2013/SCSC/WKSP1/004 How Standards Are Developed to Support Needs in Building Codes Submitted by: ASTM International Workshop on Sharing Experiences in the Design and Implementation of Green Building Codes Lima, Peru 5-7 March 2013
2 How Standards Are Developed to Support Needs in Building Codes James Olshefsky Director, External Relations 5 March 2013 Overview of ASTM International Founded in 1898, ASTM is a global forum for the development of voluntary consensus standards 30,000 technical experts representing producers, users, consumers, government and academia from over 135 economies. Participation is open to all with a material interest, anywhere in the world. Focus on materials, products, systems, and services 1 1
3 What is a Standard? Technical document developed by consensus A standard becomes mandatory when: Cited in a contract Used in certification Referenced by a government agency International Standards 2 2
4 Types of Standards in the Building Codes Materials: Design & Engineering: Installation: Testing: Address product quality characteristics such as composition, dimensions and uniformity. Addresses design procedures, engineering formulas, and methods of testing to determine the physical, functional, or performance characteristics of specific materials or products. Governs installation of specific products or systems. Identifies methods and procedures for evaluating structural strength, fire resistance and other performance criteria. Relationship Between Codes and Standards CODES» Building codes set forth a minimum set of performance requirements for design, construction and subsequent inspection to ensure safety and building integrity. STANDARDS» Standards are a referenced authoritative resources which serve as extensions of the code requirements. By referencing standards, codes can take advantage of information which is based on experience, knowledge, testing, analyses and research. 3 3
5 Typical Standards Writing Technical Committee Structure Main Committee Subcommittee Subcommittee Subcommittee Subcommittee Subcommittee Task Group Task Group 7 7 Comités técnicos ASTM Imagen del Artículo From the Ground Up de Christopher Mathis de la revista de ASTM Standardization News 4 4
6 How A Standard is Developed The Proposal Anyone can propose the development of an ASTM standard. Is there a need? Is there adequate interest? Does a standard exist elsewhere? The Preparation Task Group Prepares Draft Standard Subcommittee Approval Main Committee Approval Full Membership Approval COMMITTEE ON STANDARDS SOCIETY AND MAIN COMMITTEE SUBCOMMITTEE TASK GROUP 99 Importance of Referenced Standards 5 5
7 ASTM International Standards for the Building Sector Attribute: Thermal Measurement (C16) ASTM C177 Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded Hot-Plate Apparatus ASTM C518 Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus ASTM C1363 Standard Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box Apparatus ASTM International Standards for the Building Sector Attribute: Air Tightness (E06) ASTM E741 Standard Test Method for Determining Air Change in a Single Zone by Means of a Tracer Gas Dilution ASTM E779 Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization ASTM E1186 Standard Practices for Air Leakage Site Detection in Building Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems 6 6
8 Requirements of Referenced Standards Used in Codes The scope or application of a standard shall be clearly described. The standard shall not have the effect of requiring proprietary materials. Cited standards shall be published and available in their most current form Standards shall be developed and maintained through a consensus process Text shall be written in mandatory language Mandatory Language in Referenced Standards Enforceability of a referenced standard requires that its application and intent are clear to all readers Mandatory Terms Must Shall Shall not be required Is capable of Non-mandatory Terms Could May Is permitted Can Advisory language to help the user can be placed in Notes or Appendices if clearly identified 7 7
9 Market Transformation through Standards Manufacturing According to Building Code Specifications & Standards Provides beneficial exposure when manufactures can advertise their compliance with the codes Can become an economic asset, facilitating product service and sales Increases safety and quality of an industry, product or service When the code, and the cited standard within it, become law, products that meet the building code requirements will be demanded 8 8
10 Code Change Proposals for Referenced Standards Code bodies require that proposed code changes involving referenced standards be subject to the full code development process Two types of code change proposals» Addition or withdrawal of a referenced standard» Update to an existing referenced standard All code change proposals must include information how the proposal is intended to affect the intent and application of the standard Referenced Standards in Green Codes ICC International Green Construction Code ASHRAE Standard for the Design of High-Performance, Green Buildings California Green Building Standards Code IAPMO Green Plumbing and Mechanical Code Supplement 9 9
11 ASTM International and Sustainability C01 on Cement C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates C16 on Thermal Insulation D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants D03 on Gaseous Fuels D04 on Road and Paving Materials D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing D18 on Soil and Rock D19 on Water D20 on Plastics D22 on Air Quality D34 on Waste Management E06 on Performance of Buildings E35 on Pesticides and Alternative Control Agents E44 on Solar, Geothermal and Other Alternative Energy Sources E47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate E48 on Biotechnology E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action E60 on Sustainability F40 on Declarable Substances in Materials 19 ASTM International Sustainability Standards Attribute: Green Roof Systems (E60) ASTM E2397 Standard Practice for Determination of Dead Loads and Live Loads associated with Green Roof Systems ASTM E Standard Test Method for Maximum Media Density for Dead Load Analysis of Green Roof Systems ASTM E Standard Guide for Selection, Installation, and Maintenance of Plants for Green Roof Systems 10 10
12 ASTM International Sustainability Standards Attribute: Roofing Product Sustainability (D08.24) WK29304 New Guide for Selection of Roofing/Waterproofing Membrane Systems for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems WK24614 New Guide for Recycling Practices & Reporting Methodology WK26596 New Practice (Product Category Rule) for Preparing Environmental Product Declarations of Low Slope Roofing Membranes Memorandum APEC Economies of Understanding with ASTM International MoU (MOU) Agreements Program 22 ASIA EUROPE LATIN AMERICA CARIBBEAN MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA AFGHANISTAN ALBANIA* BOLIVIA ANTIGUA & BARBUDA BAHRAIN BOTSWANA BRUNEI BOSNIA CHILE BELIZE EGYPT CONGO DARUSSALAM CHINA BULGARIA COLOMBIA CROSQ GCC (GULF STATES) ETHIOPIA CHINESE TAIPEI CROATIA COSTA RICA DOMINICA IRAQ GHANA INDONESIA KAZAKHSTAN ECUADOR DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ISRAEL KENYA REPUBLIC OF KOREA MOLDOVA EL SALVADOR GRENADA JORDAN MAURITIUS MALAYSIA ROMANIA* GUATEMALA GUYANA KUWAIT MAURITANIA MONGOLIA RUSSIA HONDURAS JAMAICA MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE NEPAL SERBIA PANAMA ST. LUCIA OMAN NIGERIA PAKISTAN PERU ST. VINCENT AND PALESTINE RWANDA THE GRENADINES PAPUA NEW NICARAGUA TRINIDAD & TOBAGO SAUDI ARABIA SADC GUINEA THE URUGUAY TUNISIA SOUTH AFRICA PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE TURKEY SWAZILAND SRI LANKA U.A.E. TANZANIA VIET NAM YEMEN UGANDA ZAMBIA 22 ZIMBABWE 11 11
13 Utilizing ASTM Information in Codes and Regulation Codes should reference standards that provide the best technical guidance Nations are free to use ASTM standards if they meet the needs of the end users Multiple paths exist to facilitate the use of ASTM information in your respective jurisdictions This Malaysian Standard is identical to ASTM D Summary/Conclusion Standards for the building sector are used as references in codes and help to define certain attributes that help level the playing field Referenced standards are developed and maintained through a consensus process and are written in enforceable language The use of high quality, universally accepted international standards as references is a benefit to industry, regulators and users 12 12
14 Questions? Jim Olshefsky ASTM International 13 13
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